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Joint calibration algorithm for gain-phase and mutual coupling errors in uniform linear array

Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2016年第4期29卷 1065-1073页

作者： Li Weixing Lin Jianzhi Zhang Yue Chen Zengping Science and Technology on Automatic Target Recognition Laboratory National University of Defense Technology

The effect of gain-phase perturbations and mutual coupling significantly degrades the performance of digital array radar (DAR). This paper investigates array calibration problems in the scenario where the true locations of auxiliary sources deviate from nominal values but the angle intervals are known. A practical algorithm is proposed to jointly calibrate gain-phase errors and mutual coupling errors. Firstly, a simplified model of the distortion matrix is developed based on its special structure in uniform linear array (ULA). Then the model is employed to derive the precise locations of the auxiliary sources by one-dimension search. Finally, the least-squares estimation of the distortion matrix is obtained. The algorithm has the potential of achieving considerable improvement in calibration accuracy due to the reduction of unknown parameters. In addition, the algorithm is feasible for practical applications, since it requires only one auxiliary source with the help of rotation platforms. Simulation results demonstrate the validity, robustness and high performance of the proposed algorithm. Experiments were carried out using an S-band DAR test-bed. The results of measured data show that the proposed algorithm is practical and effective in application. (C) 2016 Production and hosting by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Chinese Society of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

关键词： Calibration accuracy Digital array Gain and phase errors Least-squares Mutual coupling uniform linear array

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DOA estimation by exploiting the symmetric configuration of uniform linear array

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION 2007年第12期55卷 3716-3720页

作者： Ye, Zhongfu Xu, Xu Univ Sci & Technol China Dept Elect Elect & Informat Sci Hefei 230027 Peoples R China

A new direction of arrival (DOA) estimation method is proposed for uniform linear array in this paper when both uncorrelated and coherent sources are present. The uncorrelated and coherent sources are estimated at two different stages. The uncorrelated sources are first estimated using conventional subspace methods, and then they are eliminated by exploiting the symmetric configuration of the array. Finally the remaining coherent sources are estimated by reconstructing a non-Toeplitz matrix. The number of sources resolved by our method can exceed the number of array elements. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of our proposed method.

关键词： coherent sources direction of arrival (DOA) forward/ backward spatial smoothing (FBSS) uniform linear array

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Quasi-maximum-Likelihood Estimator of PPS on the uniform linear array

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CIRCUITS SYSTEMS AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 2019年第10期38卷 4874-4889页

作者： Djurovic, Igor Simeunovic, Marko Rakovic, Predrag Univ Montenegro Dept Elect Engn Cetinjski Put Bb Podgorica 81000 Montenegro Univ Donja Gor Fac Informat Syst & Technol Oktoih 1 Podgorica Montenegro Mediterranean Univ Fac Informat Technol Josipa Broza Tita Bb Podgorica Montenegro

In this paper, an idea from the quasi-maximum-likelihood (QML) algorithm has been applied to estimation of the direction of arrival (DOA) and parameters of the polynomial phase signals (PPS) impinging on the uniform linear array. The algorithm uses a search over a set of possible DOA values. For considered value, the DOA is compensated and resulted signal parameters are estimated using the original QML approach. In this way, several sets of potential estimates are obtained. Optimal DOA and PPS parameters belong to set that maximizes the proposed cost function. In the proposed approach, parameters are estimated using 2-D search over DOA and window widths used for calculation of the short Fourier transform in the QML that is an important advantage with respect to existing strategies like, for example, the polynomial beamformer requiring multi-dimensional or metaheuristic search strategies. Numerical validation of the proposed approach for both mono- and multi-component signals is provided in the paper. Both far- and near-field scenarios are considered.

关键词： uniform linear array Polynomial phase signals Direction of arrival Time-frequency representations Parameter estimation

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DOA estimation of wideband sources using a harmonic source model and uniform linear array

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING 1999年第3期47卷 619-629页

作者： Agrawal, M Prasad, S Indian Inst Technol Dept Elect Engn New Delhi 110016 India

We consider here the problem of estimation of DOA's of multiple wideband sources incident on a uniform linear array (ULA) in the presence of spatially and temporally white Gaussian noise (WGN), The approach presented here builds up on the IQML algorithm suggested by Bresler and Macovski for the case of narrowband DOA estimation. It is shown that the concept of ARMA model for the observed data vector for the narrowband case can be generalized to model an appropriately stacked, space-time data vector obtained by combining the Spacetime samples. The coefficients of the corresponding 2-D predictor polynomial can be used to represent the null subspace of the wideband array steering matrix, and rooting of the polynomial at each frequency, separately, gives the DOA estimates, These separate estimates at multiple frequencies are combined into a single DOA estimate in a least squares sense. This leads to the formulation of an IQML-like procedure for the spatial parameter estimation of wideband sources. Like its narrowband counterpart, the proposed approach is applicable to both noncoherent and coherent sources, The performance of the proposed method is studied via extensive computer simulations and by comparison with the CR bounds.

关键词： array signal processing broadband sources direction-of-arrival estimation maximum likelihood techniques special ARMA model uniform linear array

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Cell Searching and DoA Estimation Methods for Mobile Relay Stations with a uniform linear array

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IEICE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2012年第3期E95B卷 803-809页

作者： Ko, Yo-Han Park, Chang-Hwan Kwon, Soon-Jik Cho, Yong-Soo Chung Ang Univ Sch Elect & Elect Engn Seoul 156756 South Korea

In this paper, cell searching and direction-of-arrival (DoA) estimation methods are proposed for mobile relay stations with a uniform linear arrays in OFDM-based cellular systems. The proposed methods can improve the performance of cell searching and DoA estimation, even when there exist symbol timing offsets among the signals received from adjacent base stations and Doppler frequency shifts caused by the movement of the mobile relay station. The performances and computational complexities of the proposed cell searching and DoA estimation methods are evaluated by computer simulation under a mobile WiMAX environment.

关键词： mobile relay station vehicle uniform linear array cell searching DoA estimation

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Spectral Efficiency Augmentation in Uplink Massive MIMO Systems by Increasing Transmit Power and uniform linear array Gain

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SENSORS 2020年第17期20卷 4982.-4982.页

作者： Arshad, Jehangir Rehman, Abdul Rehman, Ateeq Ur Ullah, Rehmat Hwang, Seong Oun COMSATS Univ Islamabad Elect & Comp Engn Dept Lahore Campus Lahore 54000 Punjab Pakistan Kyungpook Natl Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Daegu 41566 South Korea Hohai Univ Coll Internet Things Engn Changzhou 213022 Peoples R China Gachon Univ Coll IT Convergence Dept Comp Engn Seongnam 13120 South Korea

Improved Spectral Efficiency (SE) is a prominent feature of Massive Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output systems. These systems are prepared with antenna clusters at receiver(Rx)and transmitter(Tx). In this paper, we examined a massive MIMO system to increase SE in each cell that ultimately improves the area throughput of the system. We are aiming to find appropriate values of average cell-density (D), available bandwidth (B), and SE to maximize area throughput because it is the function of these parameters. Likewise, a SE augmentation model was developed to attain an increased transmit power and antenna array gain. The proposed model also considers the inter-user interference from neighboring cells along with incident angles of desired and interfering users. Moreover, simulation results validate the proposed model that is implementable in real-time scenarios by realizing maximum SE of 12.79 bits/s/Hz in Line of Sight (LoS) and 12.69 bits/s/Hz in Non-Line of Sight (NLoS) scenarios, respectively. The proposed results also substantiate the SE augmentation because it is a linear function of transmit power and array gain while using the uniform linear array (ULA) configuration. The findings of this work ensure the efficient transmission of information in future networks.

关键词： transmit power line-of-site non-line-of-site channel gain future networks spectral efficiency area throughput uniform linear array signal-to-noise ratio signal-to-noise interference ratio inter-cell interference

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Superresolution Performance of Different Spatial Smoothing Methods for Short uniform linear array

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IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS 2022年第6期21卷 1144-1147页

作者： Zhou JianXiong Shi ZhiGuang Zhu YongFeng Natl Univ Def Technol Dept Elect Sci ATR Lab Changsha 410073 Hunan Peoples R China

Radar with uniform linear antenna array is commonly used to measure the angle of the target. The superresolution ability is of significant importance in applications where the array size is limited and the targets are crowded. In this letter, we test the superresolution performance of a six-element array by field data using two trihedral corner reflectors set on the ground. The spatial smoothing methods with different subaperture sizes are compared, and a new spatial smoothing method using interlaced subaperture is proposed. The interlaced subaperture has larger effective aperture size and independent noise matrix, which leads to better superresolution performance. Its computational complexity is smaller than the successive subaperture due to the smaller size of the data matrix. Results show that two reflectors with angular separation of about half the Fourier limit can be resolved with high probability when the peak signal-to-noise ratio is about 35 dB.

关键词： Angle measurement spatial smoothing superresolution performance uniform linear array

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DOA estimation of rectilinear signals with a partly calibrated uniform linear array

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SIGNAL PROCESSING 2018年 147卷 203-207页

作者： Huang, Huiping Liao, Bin Guo, Xiansheng Huang, Jianjun Shenzhen Univ Coll Informat Engn Shenzhen 518060 Peoples R China Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Dept Elect Engn Chengdu 611731 Sichuan Peoples R China

This paper investigates the problem of direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation of rectilinear or strictly second-order noncircular signals with a partly calibrated uniform linear array (ULA). Consider that the uncalibrated portion of the array suffers from unknown gains and phases, an extended data model corresponding to a virtual (extended) array is presented by taking the noncircularity of the signals into account. On this basis and given the signal subspace matrix associated with the virtual array, a linear equation is derived to determine the unknown gains and phases. Then, the DOAs are found through the eigenvalue decomposition of a matrix related to the signal subspace matrix and array gains and phases. Since spatial spectrum search is not required, the proposed method is computationally efficient. Moreover, it is able to handle at most 2M-3 rectilinear signals with a partly calibrated ULA of M elements, even though only two neighboring elements of the array are calibrated. Numerical results also demonstrate that the proposed method has remarkable performance superiority brought by the rectilinearity. (C) 2018 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Direction-of-arrival (DOA) Rectilinear signal uniform linear array Partly calibrated array

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A Generalized Flat-Topped Beam Synthesis Approach for uniform linear array With Arbitrary Beam Directions

IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION

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IEEE OPEN JOURNAL OF ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION 2022年 3卷 709-721页

作者： He, Xingyi Zhang, Yan Jiang, Zhi Hao Hong, Wei Southeast Univ Sch Informat Sci & Engn State Key Lab Millimeter Waves Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China Southeast Univ Chien Shiung Wu Coll Nanjing 210096 Peoples R China Purple Mt Lab Nanjing 211111 Peoples R China

A systematic approach to synthesize the flat-topped beam (FTB) with arbitrary beam directions for uniform linear arrays (ULAs) is proposed, illustrated, and demonstrated. Based on the correspondence between the far-field pattern of ULAs and the response function of finite impulse response (FIR) filters, both the broadside and end-fire FTBs can be synthesized using window method, whereas the oblique FTB synthesis is failed due to the appearance of grating lobes. A mathematical analyzation indicates that two grating lobes are conjugate to each other. Thus, a linear phase method (LPM) is proposed to apply progressive excitation phases to each individual array element, which can eliminate the grating lobes by manipulating the two conjugate beams to overlap with each other. The proposed LPM is generalized to the synthesis of broadside, oblique and unidirectional end-fire FTBs, and the corresponding inter-element spacing constraints are addressed. The proposed approach is experimentally verified using a 16-element substrate-integrated waveguide slot antenna array. Comparing with the conventional Fourier series method and Woodward-Lawson method, the proposed approach has advantages of both smaller ripples in the main beam and controllable side-lobe levels. The proposed approach is promising for offering efficient beamforming functionalities for wireless communications, imaging, and radar applications.

关键词： Finite impulse response filters Antenna arrays Filtering Antenna radiation patterns array signal processing Wireless communication Licenses Beamforming flat-topped beam spacing constraint uniform linear array

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Research on the Phase Center of uniform linear array 4

Research on the Phase Center of Uniform Linear Array

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4th International Conference on Intelligent System and Applied Material (GSAM)

作者： An, Zhijuan Zhang, Yandong Xu, Liang Xidian Univ Sch Phys & Optoelect Engn Xian 710071 Peoples R China Xian Univ Posts & Telecommun Sch Elect Engn Xian 710121 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783038353140

Accurate estimation of array's phase center is of great importance in navigation, tracking and other aircraft and aerospace systems. In this paper first the effect of reference point on the phase pattern of a uniform linear array is studied and the phase center of the array is estimated. Then the effect of beamsteering on the location of phase center in phased arrays is theoretically analyzed, finally numerical simulations are carried out and the results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis.

关键词： uniform linear array Phase Center Selection of Reference Point Beamsteering

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