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Bridging the gap between a behavioural formal description technique and a user interface description language: Enhancing ICO with a graphical user interface markup language

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SCIENCE OF COMPUTER PROGRAMMING 2014年 86卷 3-29页

作者： Barboni, Eric Martinie, Celia Navarre, David Palanque, Philippe Winckler, Marco Univ Toulouse Inst Res Informat Toulouse ICS Team F-31042 Toulouse 9 France

In the last years, user interface description languages (UIDLs) appeared as a suitable solution for developing interactive systems. In order to implement reliable and efficient applications, we propose to employ a formal description technique called ICO (Interactive Cooperative Object) that has been developed to cope with complex behaviours of interactive systems including event-based and multimodal interactions. So far, ICO is able to describe most of the parts of an interactive system, from functional core concerns to fine grain interaction techniques, but, even if it addresses parts of the rendering, it still not has means to describe the effective rendering of such interactive system. This paper presents a solution to overcome this gap using markup languages. A first technique is based on the Java technology called JavaFX and a second technique is based on the emergent UsiXML language for describing user interface components for multi-target platforms. The proposed approach offers a bridge between markup language based descriptions of the user interface components and a robust technique for describing behaviour using ICO modelling. Furthermore, this paper highlights how it is possible to take advantage from both behavioural and markup language description techniques to propose a new model-based approach for prototyping interactive systems. The proposed approach is fully illustrated by a case study using an interactive application embedded into interactive aircraft cockpits. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Model-based approaches user interface description language Formal description techniques Behavioural modelling Graphical user interface markup language

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A Theoretical Survey of user interface description languages: Preliminary Results

A Theoretical Survey of User Interface Description Languages...

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7th Joint LA-WEB/CLIHC Conference 2009

作者： Guerrero-Garcia, Josefina Gonzalez-Calleros, Juan Manuel Vanderdonckt, Jean Munoz-Arteaga, Jaime Catholic Univ Louvain Pl Doyens 1 B-1348 Louvain Belgium Univ Autonoma Aguascalientes Sistemas Informac Aguascalientes 20100 Mexico

ISBN: (纸本)9780769538563

A user interface description language (UIDL) consists of a specification language that describes various aspects of a user interface under development. A comparative review of some selected user interface description languages is produced in order to analyze how they support the various stages of user interface development life cycle and development goals, such as support for multi-platform, device-independence, modality independence, and content delivery. There has been a long history and tradition to attempt capturing the essence of user interfaces at various levels of abstraction for different purposes, including those of development. The recent return of this effort today gains more attraction, along with the dissemination of XML markup languages, and gives birth to many proposals for various user interface description languages. Consequently, an in-depth analysis of the salient features that make these languages different from each other is desired in order to identify when and where they are appropriate for a specific purpose. The review is conducted based on a systematic analysis grid and some user interfaces implemented with these languages.

关键词： user interfaces user interface description language Extensible Markup language user interface extensible Markup language

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An approach to the integration of accessibility requirements into a user interface development method

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SCIENCE OF COMPUTER PROGRAMMING 2014年 86卷 58-73页

作者： Minon, Raul Moreno, Lourdes Martinez, Paloma Abascal, Julio Univ Basque Country Lab HCI Special Needs Donostia San Sebastian 20018 Spain Univ Carlos III Madrid Dept Comp Leganes 28911 Spain

It is a legal requirement in many countries to ensure accessibility for Web applications. Although there are numerous regulations and standards regarding accessibility in the development of user interfaces, accessibility is nevertheless quite difficult to achieve, let alone to maintain at a high level of quality throughout the development process. This difficulty is due to diverse factors including, but not limited to, the lack of proper development methods, authoring tools and accessibility training for user interface development professionals. In an attempt to offer a solution to these difficulties, this paper proposes a methodological approach for the integration of accessibility requirements into a user interface development method based on user interface description language (UIDL) or, more specifically, on the user interface eXtensible Markup language (UsiXML) framework. The proposed strategy involves the integration of accessibility requirements into design primitives of the user interface development method. This paper focuses on accessibility requirements related to navigation in the Task Model, Abstract user interface Model and Transformation Model. The application of the approach shown for the SPA4USXML tool also includes a proof of concept and validation of the proposal. The study shows that accessibility requirements included at the design stage in the modelling of user interfaces can be systematized through mechanisms such as new transformation rules and the use of support tools such as *** a result, the quality of accessibility can be guaranteed by taking advantage of developments in technologies based on user interface Markup languages such as UsiXML. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Accessibility user interface development method Model driven development user interface description language

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The TAC paradigm: specifying tangible user interfaces

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PERSONAL AND UBIQUITOUS COMPUTING 2004年第5期8卷 359-369页

作者： Shaer, Orit Leland, Nancy Calvillo-Gamez, Eduardo H. Jacob, Robert J. K. Tufts Univ Dept Comp Sci Medford MA 02155 USA Univ Politecn San Luis Potosi San Luis Potosi Mexico

This paper introduces a paradigm for describing and specifying tangible user interfaces (TUIs). The proposed Token and Constraints (TAC) paradigm captures the core components of TUIs while addressing many of the conceptual challenges unique to building these interfaces. The paradigm enables the description of a broad range of TUIs by providing a common set of constructs. Thus, the TAC paradigm lays the foundation for a high-level description language and a software toolkit for TUIs. We evaluate the proposed paradigm by testing its ability to specify a wide variety of existing TUIs.

关键词： Tangible user interface Physical computing Token and constraints user interface management system user interface description language Software toolkit

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Advance human-machine interface automatic evaluation

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UNIVERSAL ACCESS IN THE INFORMATION SOCIETY 2013年第4期12卷 387-401页

作者： Gonzalez Calleros, Juan Manuel Guerrero Garcia, Josefina Vanderdonckt, Jean Benemerita Univ Autonoma Puebla Fac Comp Sci Puebla 20100 Mexico Catholic Univ Louvain Sch Management IAG Belgian Lab Comp Human Interact BCHI B-1348 Louvain Belgium

The need for accessibility evaluation tools is motivated by several endogenous and exogenous reasons coming from the end user (the designer and the developer) and companies releasing information systems. Existing evaluation tools mainly concentrate on examining the code of Web pages: Web pages more and more frequently contain non-HTML parts that entirely escape from being treated by existing techniques. This is the case of the advanced human-machine interface (AHMI), a piece of software programmed in C/C++, used for controlling the advanced flight management system in the aircraft cockpit. Studying this new user interface (UI) requires a structured approach to evaluate and validate AHMI designs. The goal in this work is to develop an evaluation tool to automate the process of evaluating the AHMI. The method addresses: support of multiple bases of guidelines (accessibility or usability or both) on-demand (partial or total evaluation), with different levels of details (a presentation for developers and for those responsible for certifying accessibility). The method goes a step toward the automatic evaluation of UI containing non-HTML parts.

关键词： Automatic evaluation user interface description language Usability Advanced human-machine interface

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StateStream: a Developer-Centric Approach Towards Unifying Interaction Models and Architecture

StateStream: a Developer-Centric Approach Towards Unifying I...

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ACM SIGCHI Symposium on Engineering Interactive Computing Systems

作者： de Haan, Gerwin Post, Frits H. Delft Univ Technol Data Visualizat & VR Grp NL-2600 GA Delft Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781605586007

Complex and dynamic interaction behaviors in applications such as Virtual Reality (VR) systems are difficult to design and develop. Reasons for this include the complexity and limitations in specification models and their integration with the underlying architecture, and lack of supporting development tools. In this paper we present our StateStream approach, which uses a dynamic programming language to bridge the gap between the behavioral model descriptions, the underlying VR architecture and customized development tools. Whereas the dynamic language allows full flexibility, the interaction model adds explicit structures for interactive behavior. A dual modeling mechanism is used to capture both discrete and continuous interaction behavior. The models are described and executed in the dynamic language itself, unifying the description of interaction, its execution and the connection with external software components. We will highlight the main features of StateStream, and illustrate how the tight integration of interaction model and architecture enables a flexible and open-ended development environment. We will demonstrate the use of StateStream in a prototype system for studying and adapting complex 3D interaction techniques for VR.

关键词： Model-Driven Engineering user interface description language 3D interaction Python

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A Model-Driven Visualization System Based on DVDL 19th

A Model-Driven Visualization System Based on DVDL

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19th Monterey Workshop on Challenges and Opportunity with Big Data

作者： Du, Yi Ren, Lei Zhou, Yuanchun Li, Jianhui Chinese Acad Sci Comp Network Informat Ctr Dept Big Data Technol & Applicat Dev Beijing Peoples R China Beihang Univ Sch Automat Sci & Elect Engn Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783319619941;9783319619934

Though model-driven engineering (MDE) methodology has made significant improvements in terms of efficiency and effectiveness in many areas of software development, the same cannot be said in the development of data visualization systems. With this challenge in mind, this paper introduces DVDL, a modular and hierarchical visualization description language that take advantage of the model-based design of MDE to describe visualization development at an abstract level. This paper also presents DVIZ, a visualization system based on DVDL. With a growing popularity and demand for data visualization technology, a number of visualization tools have emerged in recent years, though few would be considered as adaptable and scalable as DVIZ. Some of its key features include the ability for users to select data source, configure properties of visual elements, publish and share result. The system also supports real-time result generation and multi-visuals interaction. Lastly, since DVIZ is web-based, it supports distribution of result across various social media.

关键词： Visualization system user interface description language Model-driven development methodology End user programming

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Towards Canonical Task Types for user interface Design

Towards Canonical Task Types for User Interface Design

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7th Joint LA-WEB/CLIHC Conference 2009

作者： Gonzalez-Calleros, Juan Manuel Guerrero-Garcia, Josefina Vanderdonckt, Jean Munoz-Arteaga, Jaime Catholic Univ Louvain Pl Doyens 1 B-1348 Louvain Belgium Univ Autonoma Aguascalientes Sistemas Informac Aguascalientes Mexico CENIDET Cuernavaca Morelos 62490 Mexico

ISBN: (纸本)9780769538563

Task models are the cornerstone of user-centred design methodologies for user interface design. Therefore, they deserve attention in order to produce them effectively and efficiently, while guaranteeing the reproducibility of a task model: different persons should in principle obtain the same task model, or a similar one, for the same problem. In order to provide user interface designers with some guidance for task modelling, a list of canonical task types is proposed that offers a unified definition of frequently used tasks types in a consistent way. Each task type consists of a a task action coupled with a task object, each of them being written according to design guidelines. This list provides the following benefits: tasks are modelled in a more consistent way, their definition is more communicable and shared, task models can be efficiently used for model-driven engineering of user interfaces.

关键词： user interfaces user interface description language task types task model Model-Based user interface development

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A Model-Based Approach for Developing Vectorial user interfaces

A Model-Based Approach for Developing Vectorial User Interfa...

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7th Joint LA-WEB/CLIHC Conference 2009

作者： Vanderdonckt, Jean Guerrero-Garcia, Josefina Gonzalez-Calleros, Juan Manuel Catholic Univ Louvain Informat Syst Unit Louvain Sch Management B-1348 Louvain Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9780769538563

This paper presents a model-based approach for developing vectorial user interfaces to an interactive applications, whether it is a web or a stand-alone applications. A vectorial user interface exhibits the capability of being rescaled in any dimension without any loss of information, while taking advantage of the screen real estate offered by the computing platform on which the interactive application is running. A model describes the vectorial user interface in order to capture its presentation and behavior in a way that is independent of any context of use. Implemented as a browser plug-in, a rendering engine parses this model at run-time so as to render the user interface bounded with the domain, thus producing together a running application. This facilitates platform adaptation, since the interface scales up or down depending on the screen resolution and user adaptation since the model can change from one session to another. The interface is then re-rendered with adaptation for the benefit of the end user. Both platform and user adaptations contribute to making the web application accessible in a ubiquitous way.

关键词： Context of use Liquid design Scalability Ubiquitous computing user interfaces user interface description language Vectorial interface Web application

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A generic approach for multi-device user interface rendering with UIML

A generic approach for multi-device user interface rendering...

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6th International Conference on Computer-Aided Design of user interfaces

作者： Luyten, Kris Thys, Kristof Vermeulen, Jo Coninx, Karin Hasselt Univ Transnatl Univ Limburg Expertise Ctr Digital Media IBBT B-3590 Diepenbeek Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9781402058196

We present a rendering engine for displaying graphical user interfaces on multiple devices. The renderer interprets a standardized XML-based user interface description language: the user interface Markup language (UIML). A generic architecture for the renderer is defined so that deployment of the engine on different devices implies only little effort. We show that our rendering engine can be used on iDTV set-top boxes, mobile phones, PDAs and desktop PCs, and smoothly integrates with both local and remote application logic. As a test bed for the UIML specification we also explore support for extensions to UIML that enable the user interface designer to maximize accessibility and target multiple devices and different types of users at once.

关键词： abstract user interface models model-based design user interface description language

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