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MEMOS: A Mobile Extensible Memory Aid System

TELEMEDICINE JOURNAL AND E-HEALTH 2004年第2期10卷 233-242页

作者： Schulze, H Univ Leipzig Dept Comp Sci D-04109 Leipzig Germany

Memory disturbances are a frequent outcome of brain damages. Maintenance or enhancement of the patients' quality of life requires enormous effort on the part of caregivers. To support patients with brain injuries, the mobile distributed care system named MEMOS (Mobile Extensible Memory System) was designed, implemented, and tested in the day-care clinic for cognitive neurology at Leipzig University. MEMOS is implemented as a distributed system, using CORBA technologies and Enterprise Java Beans. A special palmtop computer, the Personal Memory Assistant (PMA), reminds the patient of important tasks and supervises the patient's actions. The PMA communicates with the stationary care system via a bi-directional cellular radio connection. The stationary care system was developed to be dependable and scalable. This paper describes the design and function of the MEMOS system.

关键词： Brain Injuries computers Handheld user-computer interface Activities of Daily Living Caregivers Day Care Humans Memory Disorders Quality of Life

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Software for machine-independent quantitative interpretation of SSCP in capillary array electrophoresis (QUISCA)

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BIOTECHNIQUES 2002年第6期33卷 1342-1348页

作者： Higasa, K Kukita, Y Baba, S Hayashi, K Kyushu Univ Med Inst Bioregulat Res Ctr Genet Informat Div Genome AnalHigashi Ku Fukuoka 8128582 Japan Univ Tokyo Tokyo Japan

PCR single-stranded conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis is a simple and rapid electrophoretic technique for the sensitive detection of sequence variants of PCR products. Here we describe a cross-platform program package, quantitative interpretation of SSCP in capillary array (QUISCA), which allows semi-automated quantitative detection of sequence variants separated by multicolor fluorescence-based SSCP electrophoresis using various capillary array apparatus: The program, together with the QUISCAview as a graphical user interface, takes trace data in ASCII format and processes them with three modules: signal denoising/baseline subtraction, color-matrix construction/application, and calibration of peak positions between multiple capillary runs using internal standard peaks. QUISCA is compatible with data from various widely used capillary array sequencers and is suitable not only for finding or typing SNPs in individual DNAs but also for the accurate estimation of the allele frequencies of many SNPs using a pooled DNA strategy. QUISCA can also serve as a versatile core program for various fragment analyses.

关键词： Algorithms* Alleles Automatic Data Processing Data Collection Electrophoresis, Capillary* Fluorescent Dyes/analysis Fluorometry Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational* Software* Subtraction Technique user-computer interface

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Flying blind: Using a digital dashboard to navigate a complex PACS environment

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JOURNAL OF DIGITAL IMAGING 2006年第1期19卷 69-75页

作者： Morgan, MB Branstetter, BF Mates, J Chang, PJ Univ Pittsburgh Med Ctr Dept Radiol Informat Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

Radiology workflows have become more distributed and complicated, and fewer tangible cues are available to the radiologist to help optimize task prioritization and selection. Additionally, faster scanners, more detailed exams, and increased demand for imaging services have precipitated a potential image overload for today's radiologists who are pressured to provide efficient, quality service in less time. Radiologists are faced with the task of operating within complex systems but are lacking tools to efficiently and effectively monitor these systems in real time. Dashboard technology can help address this deficiency in radiology and facilitate informed, optimized decisions about workflow. Possible areas of application include workflow consolidation, workload distribution, and urgency evaluation. Dashboards should be optimized, context-sensitive, customizable, and workflow-integrated. Further research is needed to identify the most important dashboard metrics, determine their optimal display, and validate their utility.

关键词： dashboard workflow radiology informatics user-computer interface

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Organizational schemata of e-portfolios for fostering higher-order thinking

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INFORMATION SYSTEMS FRONTIERS 2012年第2期14卷 395-407页

作者： Wang, Shouhong Wang, Hai Univ Massachusetts Dartmouth N Dartmouth MA USA St Marys Univ Sobey Sch Business Dept Finance Informat Syst & Management Sci Halifax NS B3H 3C3 Canada

The information technology of online e-portfolio systems have been widely used during the past several years along with the diffusion of electronic teaching-learning systems. However, for the time being e-portfolio is viewed more as an assessment tool or a showcase tool, but less as an active learning tool. The current generic e-portfolio systems store artifacts in the chronological order on the course basis, providing few facets for active thinking. The question of how we can make e-portfolio a useful learning tool to improve students' learning outcomes is still open to research. Among various students' learning outcomes, higher-order thinking has become an important outcome of education. One vision of education evolution is to change the modes of thinking of students. This study is to meet the challenge of e-portfolios by investigating a significant research question: how e-portfolios can be used as a learning tool for students to foster higher-order thinking. Specifically, this study proposes an ontological approach to organizational schema of e-portfolios so that e-portfolios can be logically and dynamically organized into thinking-driven networks. The ontological schemata can serve as visible maps for the virtual e-portfolios repository shared by all teachers and students to foster higher-order thinking. A case study that implements a prototype of organizational schemata of e-portfolios demonstrates the usefulness of the proposed approach for fostering higher-order thinking.

关键词： Semantic Web System analysis and design user-computer interface Object-oriented E-portfolio Higher-order thinking Ontology E-learning Learning objects Business education Information systems education

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GeneX Va: VBC open source microarray database and analysis software

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BIOTECHNIQUES 2004年第4期36卷 634-+页

作者： Lee, JK Laudeman, T Kanter, J James, T Siadaty, MS Knaus, WA Prorok, A Bao, YD Freeman, B Puiu, D Wen, LM Buck, GA Schlauch, K Weller, J Fox, JW Univ Virginia Sch Med Charlottesville VA 22903 USA Virginia Commonwealth Univ Richmond VA USA George Mason Univ Manassas VA USA

Developed by the Virginia Bioinformatics Consortium (VBC) GeneX Va is an open source, freeware database and bioinformatics analysis software for archiving and analyzing Affymetrix GeneChip(R) data. It provides an integrated framework,for management, documentation, and analysis of microarray experiments and data to support a range of users,from individual research laboratories to institutional microarray facilities. GeneX Va also provides web-based access to a PostgreSQL relational database system with a comprehensive security system. Data can be extracted from the database and delivered to interactive or scriptable statistical analysis protocols. The security system allows each investigator to manage their own array data and analysis output files and also provides custom access privileges for other users, groups, and internal/external collaborators. The analysis interface uses "Analysis Trees," an innovative user interface that allows researchers to interactively create a tree-structured flow chart of analysis routines. The latest GeneX Va software is available from and can be freely downloaded at the Sourceforge web site http://***. To allow researchers to access the database and analysis capabilities of the GeneX Va system, microarray data from many VBC GeneChip experiments have been deposited into a public section of the GeneX Va system at the University of Virginia. The VBC GeneX Va sites, which include documentation, ore at http://***/ of the University of Virginia and at http://***/ of the Virginia Commonwealth University.

关键词： computer Security Databases, Genetic* Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis* Software* user-computer interface

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Implementation of a user-centered framework in the development of a web-based health information database and call center

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JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS 2011年第5期44卷 897-908页

作者： Taylor, Heather A. Sullivan, Dori Mullen, Cydney Johnson, Constance M. Duke Univ Sch Med Durham NC 27710 USA FirstHlth Moore Reg Hosp Pinehurst NC 28374 USA

As healthcare consumers increasingly turn to the World Wide Web (WWW) to obtain health information, it is imperative that health-related websites are user-centered. Websites are often developed without consideration of intended users' characteristics, literacy levels, preferences, and information goals resulting in user dissatisfaction, abandonment of the website, and ultimately the need for costly redesign. This paper provides a methodological review of a user-centered framework that incorporates best practices in literacy, information quality, and human-computer interface design and evaluation to guide the design and redesign process of a consumer health website. Following the description of the methods, a case analysis is presented, demonstrating the successful application of the model in the redesign of a consumer health information website with call center. Comparisons between the iterative revisions of the website showed improvements in usability, readability, and user satisfaction. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： user-computer interface Consumer health information Internet user-centered design

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Use of a human factors approach to uncover informatics needs of nurses in documentation of care

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INFORMATICS 2013年第11期82卷 1068-1074页

作者： Rogers, Michelle L. Sockolow, Paulina S. Bowles, Kathryn H. Hand, Kristin E. George, Jessie Drexel Univ Coll Informat Sci & Technol Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Drexel Univ Coll Nursing & Hlth Profess Philadelphia PA USA Univ Penn Sch Nursing Philadelphia PA 19104 USA Univ Penn Hlth Syst Philadelphia PA USA

Purpose: The success of health information technology implementations is often tied to the impact the technical system will have on the work of the clinicians using them. Considering the role of nurses in healthcare, it is shocking that there is a lack of evaluations of nursing information systems in the literature. Here we report on how a human factors approach can be used to address barriers and facilitators to use of the nursing information system (NIS). Human factors engineering (HFE) approaches provide the theoretical and methodological underpinning to address these socio-technical issues. Methods: This study investigated the use of an NIS, a module of the electronic health record (EHR) previously implemented throughout the hospital system. The study took place in two hospitals (760 beds and 300 beds) within a three-hospital health system. Earlier in the year, the NIS was implemented throughout the health system. We applied a scenario-based evaluation technique in order to understand the barriers and facilitators to nurse use of the NIS as part of improving the healthcare delivery system. The scenarios were designed to have the nurses interact with the major components of the NIS. The research team developed the standardized scenarios to cover the major functions of the system. Results: Twelve nurses completed the study and results show that documentation within the NIS was hindered by several aspects of the interface. This paper discusses the themes associated with the usability of the NIS interface analyzing them using usability heuristics. The team also identified facilitators to use and proposed avenues to support or enhance these facilitators. Conclusions: This study examined the use of an NIS to standardize care and documentation in nursing. It used scenario-based usability testing, applying the "think-aloud" protocol technique to assess the use of the NIS in documenting patient care. This method of usability evaluation exposed an understanding of how nur

关键词： user-computer interface Health information technology Nursing informatics Workflow Electronic health records Information systems

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Applying heuristic evaluation to improve the usability of a telemedicine system

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TELEMEDICINE JOURNAL AND E-HEALTH 2006年第1期12卷 24-34页

作者： Tang, ZH Johnson, TR Tindall, RD Zhang, JJ Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Sch Hlth Informat Sci Houston TX 77030 USA Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Sch Med Houston TX 77030 USA

The development of a telemedicine system should not only take advantage of technological advances but also pay close attention to users and the human issues involved. In this paper we examine the utility of heuristic evaluation in improving the usability of a digital emergency medical services (EMS) system equipped on an ambulance. The digital EMS system used advanced communication technologies to help remotely located trauma specialists gain access to patient data in real-time and direct life-saving measures in a timely fashion. To improve its usability, three experts inspected prototypes of the system according to 14 software usability heuristics. The analyses revealed information on the prevalence, severity, and nature of heuristic violations in the user interface design. The results were subsequently utilized to guide the iterative software design process. A comparison between two consecutive prototypes showed that the second design had only half as many usability violations as the first prototype and had considerable improvement in a number of usability heuristic categories. The validity of heuristic evaluation was examined in an ethnographic study of paramedics using a prototype of the system in their work environment. users' task performances partially verified heuristic evaluation results. However, they also revealed problems that were not identified in heuristic evaluation but only became prominent during field observation. In conclusion, we argue that usability should be given high priority in the development of a telemedicine system, and that heuristic evaluation can be an effective and efficient way to identify usability problems in the early stage of software development.

关键词： Ambulances Software Design user-computer interface Emergency Medical Technicians Humans Telemedicine

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Design and development of a mobile computer application to reengineer workflows in the hospital and the methodology to evaluate its effectiveness

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JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS 2011年第6期44卷 968-977页

作者： Holzinger, Andreas Kosec, Primoz Schwantzer, Gerold Debevc, Matjaz Hofmann-Wellenhof, Rainer Fruehauf, Julia Med Univ Graz Res Unit Human Comp Interact Inst Med Informat Stat & Documentat A-8036 Graz Austria Univ Maribor Fac Comp Sci Maribor Slovenia Univ Hosp Graz Dept Dermatol Graz Austria

This paper describes a new method of collecting additional data for the purpose of skin cancer research from the patients in the hospital using the system Mobile Computing in Medicine Graz (MoCoMed-Graz). This system departs from the traditional paper-based questionnaire data collection methods and implements a new composition of evaluation methods to demonstrate its effectiveness. The patients fill out a questionnaire on a Tablet-PC (or iPad Device) and the resulting medical data is integrated into the electronic patient record for display when the patient enters the doctor's examination room. Since the data is now part of the electronic patient record, the doctor can discuss the data together with the patient making corrections or completions where necessary, thus enhancing data quality and patient empowerment. A further advantage is that all questionnaires are in the system at the end of the day - and manual entry is no longer necessary - consequently raising data completeness. The front end was developed using a user Centered Design Process for touch tablet computers and transfers the data in XML to the SAP based enterprise hospital information system. The system was evaluated at the Graz University Hospital - where about 30 outpatients consult the pigmented lesion clinic each day following Bronfenbrenner's three level perspective: The microlevel, the mesolevel and the macrolevel: On the microlevel, the questions answered by 194 outpatients, evaluated with the System Usability Scale (SUS) resulted in a median of 97.5 (min: 50, max: 100) which showed that it is easy to use. On the mesolevel, the time spent by medical doctors was measured before and after the implementation of the system;the medical task performance time of 20 doctors (age median 43 (min: 29;max: 50)) showed a reduction of 90%. On the macrolevel, a cost model was developed to show how much money can be saved by the hospital management. This showed that, for an average of 30 patients per day, on a

关键词： Evaluation method Information system Workflow reengineering user-computer interface Software design Mobile computing

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Usability standards meet scenario-based design: Challenges and opportunities

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JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS 2015年 53卷 243-250页

作者： Vincent, Christopher J. Blandford, Ann UCL UCLIC London WC1E 7JE England

The focus of this paper is on the challenges and opportunities presented by developing scenarios of use for interactive medical devices. Scenarios are integral to the international standard for usability engineering of medical devices (IEC 62366:2007), and are also applied to the development of health software (draft standard IEC 82304-1). The 62366 standard lays out a process for mitigating risk during normal use (i.e. use as per the instructions, or accepted medical practice). However, this begs the question of whether "real use" (that which occurs in practice) matches "normal use". In this paper, we present an overview of the product lifecycle and how it impacts on the type of scenario that can be practically applied. We report on the development and testing of a set of scenarios intended to inform the design of infusion pumps based on "real use". The scenarios were validated by researchers and practitioners experienced in clinical practice, and their utility was assessed by developers and practitioners representing different stages of the product lifecycle. These evaluations highlighted previously unreported challenges and opportunities for the use of scenarios in this context. Challenges include: integrating scenario-based design with usability engineering practice;covering the breadth of uses of infusion devices;and managing contradictory evidence. Opportunities included scenario use beyond design to guide marketing, to inform purchasing and as resources for training staff. This study exemplifies one empirically grounded approach to communicating and negotiating the realities of practice. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.

关键词： user-computer interface Multidisciplinary communication Medical device design Software design

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