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Audio Watermarking Based on vector quantization index modulation Using Audio Fingerprint

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATIONS IN JAPAN 2015年第3期98卷 14-23页

作者： Nakaya, Shogo Wada, Shigeo Tokyo Denki Univ Tokyo Japan

Development of high-quality digital audio watermarking with robustness to data compression and watermark attacks such as cropping is an important research topic. Recently, an effective watermarking method using vector quantization index modulation (VQIM) was proposed to improve the watermark performance. In this paper, a new auditory-band MDCT-based VQIM-type watermarking using audio fingerprint (AFP) is proposed to enhance the performance. The parameter values of VQIM are essential for audio quality and robustness, which are determined as individual codebook parameters. The parameters are estimated using AFP in the watermark detection process. In simulations, the effectiveness of the method was examined to show its robustness to watermark attacks. The audio quality was evaluated based on PEAQ.

关键词： audio watermarking vector quantization index modulation audio fingerprint

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vector quantization index modulation watermarking using concentric hyperspherical codebooks

Vector Quantization Index Modulation watermarking using conc...

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33rd IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing

作者： Kalantari, Nima Khademi Ahadi, Seyed Mohammad Amir Kabir Univ Technol Dept Elect Engn Tehran 15914 Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781424414833

In this paper, a digital watermarking system based on vector quantization is presented. Each vector containing N samples is mapped on the surface of the hyperspheres each of which are associated with a message to embed the digital watermark. We called this method vector quantization index modulation (VQIM) since it is conventional QIM in the N-dimensional space. The performance of the method and its comparison to orthogonal code-based watermarking is investigated. Furthermore, we implemented the VQIM method on a real audio watermarking system and adopted it with the human auditory system. The experimental results show the robustness of this scheme against common attacks in audio watermarking such as MP3 compression, lowpass filtering, resampling etc.

关键词： vector quantization index modulation hyperspherical codebooks decoder optimization

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