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Cellular neural networks and visual computing

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIFURCATION AND CHAOS 2003年第1期13卷 1-6页

作者： Mainzer, K Univ Augsburg Inst Interdisciplinary Informat D-86135 Augsburg Germany

Brain-like information processing has become a challenge to modern computer science and chip technology. The CNN (Cellular Neural Network) Universal Chip is the first fully programmable industrial-sized brain-like stored-program dynamic array computer which dates back to an invention of Leon O. Chua and Lin Yang in Berkeley in 1988. Since then, many papers have been written on the mathematical foundations and technical applications of CNN chips. They are already used to model artificial, physical, chemical, as well as living biological systems. CNN is now a new computing paradigm of interdisciplinary interest. In this state of development a textbook is needed in order to recruit new generations of students and researchers from different fields of research. Thus, Chua's and Roska's textbook is a timely and historic publication. On the background of their teaching experience, they have aimed at undergraduate students from engineering, physics, chemistry, as well as biology departments. But, actually, it offers more. It is a brilliant introduction to the foundations and applications of CNN which is distinguished with conceptual and mathematical precision as well as with detailed explanations of applications in visual computing.

关键词： CNN visual computing CNN templates CNN universal machine visual microprocessors nonlinear dynamics

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Sentient map - a new paradigm for visual computing

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SOFT computing 2002年第1期7卷 2-8页

作者： Chang, SK Univ Pittsburgh Dept Comp Sci Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA

A sentient map enables the user to view a collection of information items as a map so that gestures, or, more specifically c-gestures, can be used for the interaction between the user and the information system. Different c-gestures are dynamically transformed into spatial/ temporal queries, or a-queries, for accessing the information items in multimedia databases and data sources. An application in e-learning called the Growing Book is described. The visual computing paradigm offered by the sentient map can be summarized as follows: "I come, I see, I gesture".

关键词： visual computing active map sentient map map gestures multimedia databases e-learning

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Prospects for the Application of Spatial and visual computing for Smart MRO in Aviation 23

Prospects for the Application of Spatial and Visual Computin...

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IEEE 23rd Conference on Business Informatics (CBI)

作者： Bortsova, Polina D. Panfilov, Petr B. HSE Univ Grad Sch Business Moscow Russia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665420693

In front of many organizations today, in the era of digitalization, there is a big problem: many of them do not have an overall coherent picture of their business, disparate datasets from different departments and geographically dispersed locations are united only by experience and often heterogeneous hardware and software platforms. This paper focuses on approaches to increasing the value proposition of information systems with integrated spatial and visual computing technologies in the domain of aircraft MRO. The subject of the research is the analysis of the application of spatial and visual computing;the object - a model of an integrated framework that includes technology and software solutions that provide and support spatial and visual computing.

关键词： spatial computing visual computing spatial analytics digital twins AR aircraft engines MRO

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Non-Invasive visual computing Modelling for Obstruction Inspection of Pipes in the Fertilizer Industry 16

Non-Invasive Visual Computing Modelling for Obstruction Insp...

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16th Latin American Robotics Symposium (LARS) / 7th Brazilian Symposium on Robotics (SBR) / 10th Workshop on Robotics in Education (WRE)

作者： Duarte, Marta Coch, Victor Dias, Jovania Botelho, Silvia Duarte, Nelson Drews, Paulo Univ Fed Rio Grande FURG Ctr Ciencias Computacionais C3 Rio Grande Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781728142685

In the context of industrial automation, one of the areas that have seen a lot of increased demand is the fertilizer industry, that has to keep up with agricultural needs around the world. These factories have several ducts where unwanted chemical reactions take place, resulting in congealment of product and clogging of the pipes over time. These obstructions compromise production and the whole machinery, causing a major financial loss, hence the need for a non-invasive method to determine to what extent a pipe or duct is obstructed. This paper presents a thermal imaging approach to model clogging and deposit distributions within pipes, rooted in visual computing, along with the use of laser based 3D scanning for calibration and result validation.

关键词： thermography 3D laser scanner fertilizer visual computing

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A visual computing Approach for Estimating the Motility Index in the Frail Elder 13

A Visual Computing Approach for Estimating the Motility Inde...

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13th International Joint Conference on Computer Vision, Imaging and Computer Graphics Theory and Applications (VISIGRAPP) / International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications (VISAPP)

作者： Martini, Chiara Noceti, Nicoletta Chessa, Manuela Barla, Annalisa Cella, Alberto Rollandi, Gian Andrea Pilotto, Alberto Verri, Alessandro Odone, Francesca Univ Genoa Dept Informat Bioengn Robot & Syst Engn Genoa Italy EO Osped Galliera Genoa Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9789897583063

The accurate estimation of frailty is an important objective to assess the overall well-being and to predict the risk of mortality of elderly. Such evaluation is commonly based on subjective quantities both from self-reported outcomes and occasional physicians evaluations, leading to possibly biased results. An objective and continuous frailty screening tool may be more appropriate for routine assessment. In this paper, we present a data driven method to evaluate one of the main aspect contributing to the frailty estimation, i.e. the motility of the subject. To this aim, we define a motility index, estimated following a visual computing approach analysing streams of RGB-D data. We provide an extensive experimental assessment performed on two sets of data acquired in a sensorised facility located within a local hospital. The results are in good agreement with the assessment manually performed by the physicians, nicely showing the potential of our approach.

关键词： visual computing Skeleton Data Motility Index Frailty Aging

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Enabling High-Performance visual computing with Jetstream 2

Enabling High-Performance Visual Computing with Jetstream 2

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Practice and Experience in Advanced Research computing (PEARC)

作者： Slavin, Shawn Birch, Scott Walsh, Alan Indiana Univ Univ Informat Technol Serv Bloomington IN 47405 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798400704192

The development of visual computing workflows for clients of the Advanced visualization Lab (AVL) at Indiana University is challenged by ever larger client datasets. In particular, the varied computational infrastructure for client labs is frequently insufficient to analyze and process this data. The central research infrastructure at Indiana University (IU) is still largely focused on batch processing on clusters, with limited support for virtual desktops without GPU support. This has limited what the AVL can offer in the way of suggested strategies for working with such data. Jetstream 2 is a cloud-based infrastructure that is transforming our ability to provide support for powerful, interactive, visual computing to researchers at IU.

关键词： visual computing visualization cloud computing

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EFFICIENT DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF visual computing ALGORITHMS ON THE GPU

EFFICIENT DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF VISUAL COMPUTING ALGO...

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16th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Park, In Kyu Singhal, Nitin Lee, Man Hee Cho, Sungdae Inha Univ Sch Informat & Commun Engn Inchon 402751 South Korea Samsung Elect Co Ltd DMC R&D Ctr Suwon 403751 South Korea

ISBN: (纸本)9781424456536

In this paper, we explore the key factors in the design and implementation of visual computing (image processing and computer vision) algorithms on the massive parallel GPU (graphics processing units). The goal of the exploration is to provide common perspective and guidelines of using GPU for visual computing applications. We have selected three nontrivial applications (multiview stereo matching, linear feature extraction, and JPEG2000 image encoding) for the benchmarks, which show different characteristics in GPU parallel computing. Intensive analysis is performed to evaluate the characteristic of each algorithm and its effect on the performance. Based on this, we draw general guidelines of using GPU for the visual computing algorithms.

关键词： GPU visual computing parallel computing GPGPU

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Rhythmic Pixel Regions: Multi-resolution visual Sensing System towards High-Precision visual computing at Low Power 21

Rhythmic Pixel Regions: Multi-resolution Visual Sensing Syst...

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26th International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems (ASPLOS)

作者： Kodukula, Venkatesh Shearer, Alexander Nguyen, Van Lingutla, Srinivas Liu, Yifei LiKamWa, Robert Arizona State Univ Tempe AZ 85281 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781450383172

High spatiotemporal resolution can offer high precision for vision applications, which is particularly useful to capture the nuances of visual features, such as for augmented reality. Unfortunately, capturing and processing high spatiotemporal visual frames generates energy-expensive memory traffic. On the other hand, low resolution frames can reduce pixel memory throughput, but reduce also the opportunities of high-precision visual sensing. However, our intuition is that not all parts of the scene need to be captured at a uniform resolution. Selectively and opportunistically reducing resolution for different regions of image frames can yield high-precision visual computing at energy-efficient memory data rates. To this end, we develop a visual sensing pipeline architecture that flexibly allows application developers to dynamically adapt the spatial resolution and update rate of different "rhythmic pixel regions" in the scene. We develop a system that ingests pixel streams from commercial image sensors with their standard raster-scan pixel read-out patterns, but only encodes relevant pixels prior to storing them in the memory. We also present streaming hardware to decode the stored rhythmic pixel region stream into traditional frame-based representations to feed into standard computer vision algorithms. We integrate our encoding and decoding hardware modules into existing video pipelines. On top of this, we develop runtime support allowing developers to flexibly specify the region labels. Evaluating our system on a Xilinx FPGA platform over three vision workloads shows 43 - 64% reduction in interface traffic and memory footprint, while providing controllable task accuracy.

关键词： visual computing augmented reality pixel discard

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Scalable Distributed visual computing for Line-Rate Video Streams 18

Scalable Distributed Visual Computing for Line-Rate Video St...

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9th ACM Multimedia Systems Conference (MMSys)

作者： Song, Chen Chen, Jiacheng Shea, Ryan Sun, Andy Shriraman, Arrvindh Liu, Jiangchuan Simon Fraser Univ Burnaby BC Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781450351928

The past decade has witnessed significant breakthroughs in the world of computer vision. Recent deep learning-based computer vision algorithms exhibit strong performance on recognition, detection, and segmentation. While the development of vision algorithms elicits promising applications, it also presents immense computational challenge to the underlying hardware due to its complex nature, especially when attempting to process the data at line-rate. To this end we develop a highly scalable computer vision processing framework, which leverages advanced technologies such as Spark Streaming and OpenCV to achieve line-rate video data processing. To ensure the greatest flexibility, our framework is agnostic in terms of computer vision model, and can utilize environments with heterogeneous processing devices. To evaluate this framework, we deploy it in a production cloud computing environment, and perform a thorough analysis on the system's performance. We utilize existing real-world live video streams from Simon Fraser University to measure the number of cars entering our university campus. Further, the data collected from our experiments is being used for real-time predictions of traffic conditions on campus.

关键词： Scalability visual computing Line-rate processing

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Larrabee: A many-core x86 architecture for visual computing

Larrabee: A many-core x86 architecture for visual computing

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ACM SIGGRAPH Conference 2008

作者： Seiler, Larry Carmean, Doug Sprangle, Eric Forsyth, Tom Abrash, Michael Dubey, Pradeep Junkins, Stephen Lake, Adam Sugerman, Jeremy Cavin, Robert Espasa, Roger Grochowski, Ed Juan, Toni Hanrahan, Pat Intel Corp Santa Clara CA 95051 USA Stanford Univ Stanford CA 94305 USA

This paper presents a many-core visual computing architecture code named Larrabee, a new software rendering pipeline, a many-core programming model, and performance analysis for several applications. Larrabee uses multiple in-order x86 CPU cores that are augmented by a wide Vector processor unit, as well as some fixed function logic blocks. This provides dramatically higher performance per watt and per unit of area than out-of-order CPUs on highly parallel workloads. It also greatly increases the flexibility and programmability of the architecture as compared to standard GPUs. A coherent on-die 2(nd) level cache allows efficient inter-processor communication and high-bandwidth local data access by CPU cores. Task scheduling is performed entirely with software in Larrabee, rather than in fixed function logic. The customizable software graphics rendering pipeline for this architecture uses binning in order to reduce required memory bandwidth, minimize lock contention, and increase opportunities for parallelism relative to standard GPUs. The Larrabee native programming model supports a variety of highly parallel applications that use irregular data structures. Performance analysis on those applications demonstrates Larrabee's potential for a broad range of parallel computation.

关键词： graphics architecture many-core computing real-time graphics software rendering throughput computing visual computing parallel processing SIMD GPGPU

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