A new framework addresses the complexity of interaction design for computer games and applications by automatically configuring a system's behavior based on user input and context information.
A new framework addresses the complexity of interaction design for computer games and applications by automatically configuring a system's behavior based on user input and context information.
The advantages of programmable massively parallel fine-grained machines for vision applications are well known. During the design of a new one, the study of its behavior and performance (through simulation) is paramou...
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The advantages of programmable massively parallel fine-grained machines for vision applications are well known. During the design of a new one, the study of its behavior and performance (through simulation) is paramount to achieve optimum tailoring. Furthermore, software development demands convenient tools to achieve maximum results from the machine capabilities and the efforts of the programmer. In this paper we focus our attention on programming environments at the machine level for massively parallel homogeneous systems, and more specifically, we present the one that we have developed for the pyramidal PAPIA2 machine, including tools for program development, result monitoring and the ''visual editing'' of codes. The synergic approach of combining a hardware simulator and a group of graphical tools is a new, easy, and effective means of creating and testing primitives in the early stages of system development.
We present an approach to software framework development that includes the generation of domain-specific languages (DSLs) and pattern languages as goals for the process. Our model is made of three workflows-framework,...
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We present an approach to software framework development that includes the generation of domain-specific languages (DSLs) and pattern languages as goals for the process. Our model is made of three workflows-framework, metamodel, and patterns-and three phases-inception, construction, and formalization. The main conclusion is that when developing a framework, we can produce with minimal overhead-almost as a side effect-a metamodel with an associated DSL and a pattern language. Both outputs will not only help the framework evolve in the right direction, but will also be valuable in themselves. In order to illustrate these ideas, we present a case study in the multimedia domain. For several years, we have been developing a multimedia framework. The process has produced a full-fledged domain-specific metamodel for the multimedia domain, with an associated DSL and a pattern language.
Methods are described for the efficient representation of designed experiments within information systems. Details to be stored include the physical properties of the units, the underlying structure of the design, the...
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Methods are described for the efficient representation of designed experiments within information systems. Details to be stored include the physical properties of the units, the underlying structure of the design, the treatments studied in the experiment and their relation to the underlying structure. This relationship can succinctly be described by storing the generator used to construct the design. Possibilities include design keys, alpha arrays and initial blocks of cyclic designs. The same methods that are used to store the generators can be used to form databases containing repertoires of potential designs. Thus they also enable systems to be written to support the experimental process. A particularly convenient framework for such systems is provided by the visual statistical environment generated by the EU STABLE project.
Palimpsest is a novel purely-visual language intended to support exploratory live programming. It demonstrates a new paradigm for the visual representation of constraint programming that may be appropriate to future g...
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Palimpsest is a novel purely-visual language intended to support exploratory live programming. It demonstrates a new paradigm for the visual representation of constraint programming that may be appropriate to future generations of keyboardless and touchscreen devices. The current application domap is that of creative image manipulation, although the paradigm can support a wider range of computational expression. The combination of constraint semantics expressed via a novel image-layering metaphor provides a new approach to supporting a gradual slope of abstraction from direct manipulation to behaviour specification. Exploratory evaluations with a range of users give an indication of likely audiences, and opportunities for future development and application. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Graphical user interfaces have become very popular for database systems because they increase the usability of these applications. The functionality and ease-of-use of the graphical user interface, however, depend on ...
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Graphical user interfaces have become very popular for database systems because they increase the usability of these applications. The functionality and ease-of-use of the graphical user interface, however, depend on the expressiveness and complexity of the underlying data model. With the advent of new database technology based on powerful data models like the object-oriented data model, new challenges and new opportunities are posed in user interface design. In the paper critical issues of graphical user interface development for object-oriented database systems are discussed.
The theory of visual programming languages (VPLs) is very crucial for understanding the visual programming approach. It includes basically formal models for specifying VPLs and the corresponding parsing algorithms. Th...
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The theory of visual programming languages (VPLs) is very crucial for understanding the visual programming approach. It includes basically formal models for specifying VPLs and the corresponding parsing algorithms. This paper presents a grammatical formalism and an efficient parsing algorithm for visual languages. The proposed formalism, called modified relation grammar (MRG), is a restricted form of the relation grammar (RG). MRG restricts the form of productions and distributes the evaluation rules among various production rules, which makes the grammar more readable. The paper also presents an efficient O(n) parsing algorithm for MRG. The paper includes a number of examples to demonstrate the proposed formalism, It also includes a discussion on the expressive power of the proposed grammar and the correctness of its parsing algorithm. Finally, the paper compares the proposed grammar and its parsing algorithm with a similar restricted form of the RG. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
The graphical front-ends of large scale operator training simulators traditionally consist of hundreds of thousands of lines of code. Given the undiminished and expanding demand for increased graphical complexity, thi...
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The graphical front-ends of large scale operator training simulators traditionally consist of hundreds of thousands of lines of code. Given the undiminished and expanding demand for increased graphical complexity, this figure is set to approach or exceed tens of millions of lines of code by the end of this decade,The scale of this trend is such that the conventional development of training simulators using procedural code will become disproportionately costly, difficult to update and ultimately unmanageable. To counteract the implications of increasing code length and program complexity, graphical interfaces can now be developed using object-oriented programming methods. To produce cost effective operator training, advantage may also be taken from other recent developments in computing technology, notably the rise in power of the personal computer (PC) combined with a decrease in its cost. This paper explores currently available simulation based operator training platforms and the extent to which PCs can be used for the provision of low cost dynamic operator training. The example involves the use of a novel object-orientated programming method for the front-end which has then been linked to a dynamic simulation package executing either on a networked workstation or on a PC.
Report generation is one of the most important tasks for database and e-commerce applications. Current report tools typically provide a set of predefined components that are used to specify report layout and format. H...
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Report generation is one of the most important tasks for database and e-commerce applications. Current report tools typically provide a set of predefined components that are used to specify report layout and format. However, available layout options are limited, and WYSIWYG formatting is not allowed. This paper proposes a four-phase report generation process to overcome these problems. The first phase retrieves source tables from the database. The second phase reorganizes the layout of the source tables by transferring the source tables into a set of new flat tables (in the first normal form). The third phase restructures the flat tables into a nested table (report) by specifying the report structure. The last phase formats the report with a WYSIWYG format editor supporting a number of formatting rules designed specifically for nested reports. Each phase of the proposed process supports visual programming, giving an easy-to-use user interface and allowing very flexible report layouts and formats. A visual end-user-programming tool. called TPS, is developed to demonstrate the proposed process and show that reports with sophisticated layouts can be created without writing low-level report generation programs.
The emergence of foundation models, such as large language models (LLMs) GPT-4 and text-to-image models DALL-E, has opened up numerous possibilities across various domains. People can now use natural language (i.e., p...
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The emergence of foundation models, such as large language models (LLMs) GPT-4 and text-to-image models DALL-E, has opened up numerous possibilities across various domains. People can now use natural language (i.e., prompts) to communicate with AI to perform tasks. While people can use foundation models through chatbots (e.g., ChatGPT), chat, regardless of the capabilities of the underlying models, is not a production tool for building reusable AI services. APIs like LangChain allow for LLM-based application development but require substantial programming knowledge, thus posing a barrier. To mitigate this, we systematically review, summarise, refine and extend the concept of AI chain by incorporating the best principles and practices that have been accumulated in software engineering for decades into AI chain engineering, to systematize AI chain engineering methodology. We also develop a no-code integrated development environment, Prompt Sapper, which embodies these AI chain engineering principles and patterns naturally in the process of building AI chains, thereby improving the performance and quality of AI chains. With Prompt Sapper, AI chain engineers can compose prompt-based AI services on top of foundation models through chat-based requirement analysis and visual programming. Our user study evaluated and demonstrated the efficiency and correctness of Prompt Sapper.
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