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10th International Conference on Distributed Smart Cameras (ICDSC)

作者： Kyrkou, Christos Timotheou, Stelios Christoforou, Eftychios Theocharides, Theocharis Panayiotou, Christos Polycarpou, Marios Univ Cyprus KIOS Res Ctr Intelligent Syst & Networks Nicosia Cyprus

ISBN: (纸本)9781450347860

visual sensor networks (VSNs) exploit the processing and communication capabilities of modern smart cameras to handle a variety of applications such as security and surveillance and critical infrastructure protection. The performance of various tasks in such applications, such as activity recognition, tracking, etc., can be severely affected by the detection module especially when considering low-cost embedded smart cameras with limited processing capabilities. Hence, this paper presents research towards the development of optimization algorithms and decision making solutions to improve the detection performance of such VSNs. Specifically, it introduces a probabilistic detection model that can be used to characterize the detection capabilities of cameras, and shows how it can be used to reconfigure VSNs. Experimental as well as simulation results indicate that the proposed solution is able to effectively improve the robustness and overall detection performance of VSNs.

关键词： Active Vision Self-Configuring Camera networks visual sensor networks Camera Sensing Model Smart Cameras

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Optimal Power Allocation and Joint Source-Channel Coding for Wireless DS-CDMA visual sensor networks

Optimal Power Allocation and Joint Source-Channel Coding for...

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Conference on visual Information Processing and Communication II

作者： Pandremmenou, Katerina Kondi, Lisimachos P. Parsopoulos, Konstantinos E. Univ Ioannina Dept Comp Sci GR-45110 Ioannina Greece

ISBN: (纸本)9780819484192

In this paper, we propose a scheme for the optimal allocation of power, source coding rate, and channel coding rate for each of the nodes of a wireless Direct Sequence Code Division Multiple Access (DS-CDMA) visual sensor network. The optimization is quality-driven, i.e. the received quality of the video that is transmitted by the nodes is optimized. The scheme takes into account the fact that the sensor nodes may be imaging scenes with varying levels of motion. Nodes that image low-motion scenes will require a lower source coding rate, so they will be able to allocate a greater portion of the total available bit rate to channel coding. Stronger channel coding will mean that such nodes will be able to transmit at lower power. This will both increase battery life and reduce interference to other nodes. Two optimization criteria are considered. One that minimizes the average video distortion of the nodes and one that minimizes the maximum distortion among the nodes. The transmission powers are allowed to take continuous values, whereas the source and channel coding rates can assume only discrete values. Thus, the resulting optimization problem lies in the field of mixed-integer optimization tasks and is solved using Particle Swarm Optimization. Our experimental results show the importance of considering the characteristics of the video sequences when determining the transmission power, source coding rate and channel coding rate for the nodes of the visual sensor network.

关键词： visual sensor networks DS-CDMA Cross-layer optimization Resource allocation Joint source-channel coding H.264 Rate compatible punctured convolutional codes Particle Swarm Optimization

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Distributed Barcode Tracking in visual sensor networks 16

Distributed Barcode Tracking in Visual Sensor Networks

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16th IEEE sensorS CONFERENCE

作者： Hendrikx, Leander De Poorter, Eli Munteanu, Adrian Vrije Univ Brussel IMEC ETRO Dept Brussels Belgium Univ Ghent IMEC IDLab Ghent Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9781509010127

A novel approach for robot tracking and identification based on barcodes is proposed in this paper. The proposed system tracks robots fitted with barcodes identifying them. The system performs distributed visual processing and collaborative barcode tracking, whereby the nodes exchange processed visual information with appropriate neighboring nodes, informing them about incoming targets. The proposed tracking system is deployed on a visual sensor network (VSN) based on the Raspberry Pi. Its practical realization includes various components that handle real-time collaborative tracking, streaming, communication, configuration, management, monitoring, and deployment. The proposed system is able to efficiently and accurately track barcodes in real time. Complexity modeling demonstrates that the proposed distributed system brings substantial complexity reductions compared to a system of independently operating cameras. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system can track multiple barcodes in real time with an accuracy of less than 1 centimeter.

关键词： visual sensor networks Distributed processing Robot tracking Barcode detection

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ON PRIVACY AND SECURITY IN DISTRIBUTED visual sensor networks

ON PRIVACY AND SECURITY IN DISTRIBUTED VISUAL SENSOR NETWORK...

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15th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2008)

作者： Czarlinska, Alexandra Luh, William Kundur, Deepa Texas A&M Univ Dept Elect & Comp Engn College Stn TX 77843 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424417650

There is a critical need to provide privacy assurances for distributed vision-based sensor networking in applications such as building surveillance and healthcare monitoring. To effectively address protection and reliability issues, secure networking and processing must be considered from system inception. This paper presents attacks that affect the data privacy in visual sensor networks and proposes privacy-promoting security solutions based on opponent detection via game-theoretic analysis and keyless encryption.

关键词： visual sensor networks privacy of visual data network security keyless privacy

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The k-Barrier Coverage Mechanism in Wireless visual sensor networks

The <i>k</i>-Barrier Coverage Mechanism in Wireless Visual S...

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IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC)

作者： Chang, Chih-Yung Hsiao, Chih-Yao Chang, Chao-Tsun Tamkang Univ Dept Comp Informat Sci Engn Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781467304375;9781467304368

Wireless visual sensor networks (WVSNs) consist of a set of camera sensor nodes each of which equips with a camera and is capable of communicating with the other camera sensors within a specific distance range. As an extension of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), the WVSNs can provide richer information such as image and picture during executing targets monitoring and tracking tasks. Since the sensing area of each camera sensor is fan-shaped, existing barrier-coverage algorithms developed for WSNs cannot be applied to the WVSNs. This paper is considering to address the k-barrier coverage problems in WVSNs and to propose a barrier-coverage approach aiming at finding a maximal number of distinct defense curves with each of which consists of as few camera sensors as possible but still guarantees k-barrier coverage. Compared with the related work, experimental study reveals that the proposed k-barrier coverage mechanism constructs more defense curves than the k-barrier coverage and the number of camera sensors participating in each defense curve is smaller.

关键词： k-barrier coverage visual sensor networks wireless sensor networks

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sensor Selection and Configuration in visual sensor networks

Sensor Selection and Configuration in Visual Sensor Networks

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6th International Symposium on Telecommunications (IST) with Emphasis on Information and Communication Technology

作者： Hosseini, Mojtaba Dehghan, Mehdi Pedram, Hossein Amirkabir Univ Technol Dept Comp Engn Tehran Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781467320733

In this article, the problem of selection and configuration of visual sensors in visual sensor networks (VSNs) is studied for coverage of the existing targets in the three-dimensional network area. It is assumed that visual sensors are capable of Pan-Tilt-Zoom (PTZ) ability and able to choose the covered area and desirable target through configuration of the angle of view in two horizontal and vertical dimensions and alteration of the enlargement scale. In order to solve the problem of selection and configuration, a method is presented according to Binary Integer Programming (BIP). It ensures to find the best solution. In addition, it has less calculation complexity compared with other optimization methods. Applying the proposed solution, two problems of k-coverage and full angle coverage have been assessed using two models of point target model and circular target model. The perceived results properly confirm the efficiency of the proposed method in terms of execution speed and decreasing the computation complexity.

关键词： visual sensor networks Directional sensor PTZ Capability sensor Selection sensor Configuration Circular Target Model Full Angle Coverage Binary Integer Programming

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A Mathematical Programming Approach to Task Offloading in visual sensor networks 81

A Mathematical Programming Approach to Task Offloading in Vi...

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81st IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC Spring)

作者： Redondi, Alessandro Enrico Cesana, Matteo Baroffio, Luca Tagliasacchi, Marco Politecn Milan Dip Elettron Informaz & Bioingn Milan Italy

ISBN: (纸本)9781479980888

This work studies how visual analysis tasks based on feature extraction can be speeded up in the context of visual sensor networks. The main catch is for the camera node to leverage the presence of neighboring sensor nodes and offload the task, thus parallelizing its execution. We propose two mathematical programming formulations for the optimal visual task offloading problem: the first one targets the minimization of the overall task completion time while enforcing energy consumption constraints onto the nodes;the second maximizes the overall sensor network lifetime subject to a temporal constraint on the task completion time. The aforementioned formulations are used to characterize the achievable speed-up and consequent energy consumption in representative visual sensor network topologies.

关键词： Mathematical Programming visual sensor networks Cooperative Processing

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Quorum Based Image Retrieval in Large Scale visual sensor networks

Quorum Based Image Retrieval in Large Scale Visual Sensor Ne...

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11th International Conference on Ad-Hoc networks and Wireless (ADHOC-NOW)

作者： Milovanovic, Stojan Stojmenovic, Milos Singidunum Univ Belgrade Serbia

ISBN: (纸本)9783642316388

A recent publication by [SPKK] introduces a framework and set of rules by which object recognition can work on a visual sensor network. Extracted features of the detected object are flooded (with reduced dimensionality at each hop) in the network. The sensor will match the corresponding feature of the new object with a locally stored one, and send the query on the backward link toward the original detector for matching. Based on their framework we introduce an algorithm which attempts to minimize the number of messages passed within the network when performing an image retrieval task. Extracted features are distributed along a row, while query matching progresses along a column. We compare our results to the algorithm proposed by [SPKK] and achieve fewer transmissions in the retrieval step, and avoid flooding in the pre-processing phase. We expand our algorithm by constructing an information mesh of multiple detections of the same object, to achieve matching with the nearest copy. We also propose a novel feature reduction method, by diving the image into k2 subimages, and extracting features in each subimage. This allows replacing histogram based features with a wide range of other options.

关键词： visual sensor networks computer vision object recognition

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Water conservancy monitoring based on visual sensor networks

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISTRIBUTED sensor networks 2018年第6期14卷 1-9页

作者： Jia, Kebin Wei, Zhihao Beijing Univ Technol Fac Informat Technol Room 305Second Teaching Bldg100 Pingleyan Beijing 100124 Peoples R China Beijing Lab Adv Informat Networks Beijing Peoples R China Beijing Adv Innovat Ctr Future Internet Technol Beijing Peoples R China

Aiming at the complexity of the network transmission environment and the decentralization of the monitoring sites in the middle route of the South to North Water Diversion Project, this article presents a water conservancy monitoring architecture based on the visual sensor networks. First, a network assessment method is proposed to evaluate the sensor networks condition, and the encoder is adjusted with the result of the sensor networks condition evaluation. Then, based on distributed database architecture and visualization system construction, a three-level structure of the water conservancy monitoring system is designed and built. The experiment results show that the water conservancy monitoring system proposed in this article meets the transmission requirement under the complex sensor networks condition of water conservancy project. The water conservancy monitoring system has been applied to the middle route of the South to North Water Diversion Project, which achieves the needs of engineering applications.

关键词： visual sensor networks water conservancy monitoring network evaluation video coding Browser Server architecture

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Real-time distributed video coding for 1K-pixel visual sensor networks

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JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC IMAGING 2016年第4期25卷 041008-041008页

作者： Hanca, Jan Deligiannis, Nikos Munteanu, Adrian Vrije Univ Brussel Dept Elect & Informat iMinds Pl Laan 2 B-1050 Brussels Belgium

Many applications in visual sensor networks (VSNs) demand the low-cost wireless transmission of video data. In this context, distributed video coding (DVC) has proven its potential to achieve state-of-the-art compression performance while maintaining low computational complexity of the encoder. Despite their proven capabilities, current DVC solutions overlook hardware constraints, and this renders them unsuitable for practical implementations. This paper introduces a DVC architecture that offers highly efficient wireless communication in real-world VSNs. The design takes into account the severe computational and memory constraints imposed by practical implementations on low-resolution visual sensors. We study performance-complexity trade-offs for feedback-channel removal, propose learning-based techniques for rate allocation, and investigate various simplifications of side information generation yielding real-time decoding. The proposed system is evaluated against H.264/AVC intra, Motion-JPEG, and our previously designed DVC prototype for low-resolution visual sensors. Extensive experimental results on various data show significant improvements in multiple configurations. The proposed encoder achieves real-time performance on a 1k-pixel visual sensor mote. Real-time decoding is performed on a Raspberry Pi single-board computer or a low-end notebook PC. To the best of our knowledge, the proposed codec is the first practical DVC deployment on low-resolution VSNs. (C) 2016 SPIE and IS&T.

关键词： visual sensor networks distributed video coding Wyner-Ziv video coding low-resolution video real-time video coding

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