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Conference on Nonlinear Image processing VIII

作者： Zhang, J Wang, D Tran, QN Univ. of Wisconsin/Milwaukee (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819424374

In this paper, we describe a wavelet-based approach to multiresolution stochastic image modeling. The basic idea here is that a complex random field, e.g., one with long range and nonlinear spatial correlations, can be decomposed into several less complex random fields. This is done by defining a random field in each resolution level of a wavelet expansion. Texture synthesis experiments, performed by using wavelet AR (autoregressive) and RBF (radial basis function) models, have produced promising results. Both models are relatively simple in each resolution and are better than single (fine) resolution models in capturing long range correlations. In texture synthesis experiments, the RBF models, especially the non-causal model, provide good visual resemblance to the original for relatively complex textures.

关键词： Autoregressive models Wavelets visual process modeling Stochastic processes Image compression visualization Distance measurement Magnetorheological finishing Image processing Image segmentation

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When product designers use perceptually based color tools 3

When product designers use perceptually based color tools

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Conference on Human Vision & Electronic Imaging

作者： Bender, W MIT Media Lab Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)081942739X

Palette synthesis and analysis tools have been built based upon a model of color experience. This model adjusts formal compositional elements such as hue, value, chroma, and their contrasts, as well as size and proportion. Clothing and household product designers were given these tools to give guidance to their selection of seasonal palettes for use in production of the private-label merchandise of a large retail chain. The designers chose base palettes. Accents to these palettes were generated with and without the aid of the color tools. These palettes are compared by using perceptual metrics and interviews. The results are presented.

关键词： Product engineering Data modeling visualization visual process modeling Colorimetry Computer aided design Gold Manufacturing Nomenclature Tolerancing

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PRESENCE AND DISTAL ATTRIBUTION - PHENOMENOLOGY, DETERMINANTS, AND ASSESSMENT 3

PRESENCE AND DISTAL ATTRIBUTION - PHENOMENOLOGY, DETERMINANT...

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CONF ON HUMAN VISION, visual processING, AND DIGITAL DISPLAY 3

作者： LOOMIS, JM Univ. of California/Santa Barbara (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819408204

Users of virtual and teleoperator display systems are said to experience "being in" the simulated or remote environment; this experiential state is commonly referred to as "presence" or "telepresence". This article identifies another experiential state, "distal attribution", in which the user experiences "being in touch with" the simulated or remote environment while fully cognizant of being in the real environment in which the display is situated. The focus of the article is on the factors or conditions that promote presence and distal attribution and with empirical methods that might be used to assess the two. Out of the author's conviction that a proper understanding of these states will derive only from explicit consideration of the nature of ordinary perceptual experience, the article begins with some important phenomenological facts.

关键词： Sensors Virtual reality visualization Head Environmental sensing Human vision and color perception Displays visual process modeling Brain visual system

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COLOR CONTROL FOR FLIGHT SIMULATION AT ARMSTRONG-LABORATORY

COLOR CONTROL FOR FLIGHT SIMULATION AT ARMSTRONG-LABORATORY

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CONF ON DEVICE-INDEPENDENT COLOR IMAGING AND IMAGING SYSTEMS INTEGRATION

作者： GARRETT, JL HEPNER, JW HOWARD, CM GE Government Services (United States) Univ. of Dayton Research Institute (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819411426

Device-independent color imaging is in use at the Armstrong Laboratory, Aircrew Training Research Division as a means of individually tailoring colors for each of the display-channel devices used to present visuals for flight simulation. Specifically, an accurate color match across multiple display-channel boundaries is desired. This complex system of color control encompasses the collection of display-channel color characterization data, the processing of that data into individualized Red-Green-Blue (RGB) color tables, and the utilization of those tables to match the colors of images across display-channel boundaries.

关键词： Data modeling RGB color model visual process modeling 3D image processing process control Control systems Image processing software visualization Calibration Projection systems

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CAN MACHINE VISION BE HELPED FROM INSIGHTS INTO HUMAN VISION 3

CAN MACHINE VISION BE HELPED FROM INSIGHTS INTO HUMAN VISION

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CONF ON HUMAN VISION, visual processING, AND DIGITAL DISPLAY 3

作者： PAVLIDIS, T SUNY/Stony Brook (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819408204

Machine vision has exhibited rather slow progress over the last 25 years compared to other areas of Computer Technology and an interesting question is whether more progress will be made by continuing intensively the current approaches in research or instead by searching for new directions. I will present a thesis that more research along some of the prevailing lines will lead to best to marginal advances. For example, current edge detectors are very good at finding step edges. The problem is that their major objective, finding object outlines, is not equivalent to step edge finding. It seems that people find object outlines by a process of simultaneous interpretation and low level processing of the image. Such integration should be contrasted to one of the prevailing models in machine vision which assumes a linear sequence of a few distinct processes from low level to high level vision. (When researches talk about 'interpretation guide segmentation' they usually refer to the labeling of already obtained features using high level models of the scene.) If the levels interact strongly, then optimizing the processing techniques for each level separately (for example edge detection for low level vision) is not going to be fruitful. Since human vision is the reason that we believe that machine vision is even possible, a deeper examination of the human or animal vision recognition process is essential to the further progress of machine vision.

关键词： Machine vision Human vision and color perception Sensors Image processing Image segmentation visual process modeling Detection and tracking algorithms Optical character recognition visualization Edge detection

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COLOR TEXTURE MODELS FOR MACHINE VISION 4

COLOR TEXTURE MODELS FOR MACHINE VISION

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CONF ON HUMAN VISION, visual processING, AND DIGITAL DISPLAY 4

作者： KONDEPUDY, R HEALEY, G Univ. of California/Irvine (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819411469

We develop a physical model that characterizes the appearance of textured color surfaces in three dimensions. The model is derived from properties of surfaces and the physics of image formation. The color texture model describes the dependence of the spatial correlations within and between bands of a color image on surface reflectance, illumination, and the scene geometry. We show that there are important advantages in using color information for texture analysis. From our model, we derive an algorithm for recognizing instances of color textures independent of scene geometry. This algorithm is useful for the recognition of three dimensional objects and the segmentation of color images of three dimensional scenes. Experimental results are provided to confirm the model and to illustrate the performance of the algorithm.

关键词： Correlation function 3D modeling Image processing Sensors visual process modeling 3D image processing Critical dimension metrology Detection and tracking algorithms Image filtering Reflectivity

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ROBUST COMPUTATIONAL VISION 6

ROBUST COMPUTATIONAL VISION

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CONF ON SENSOR FUSION 6

作者： SCHUNCK, BG Univ. of Michigan (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819413240

This paper presents a paradigm for formulating reliable machine vision algorithms using methods from robust statistics. Machine vision is the process of estimating features from images by fitting a model to visual data. Vision research has produced an understanding of the physics and mathematics of visual processes. The fact that computer graphics programs can produce realistic renderings of artificial scenes indicates that our understanding of vision processes must be quite good. The premise of this paper is that the problem in applying computer vision in realistic scenes is not the fault of the theory of vision. We have good models for visual phenomena, but can do a better job of applying the models to images. Our understanding of vision must be used in computations that are robust to the kinds of errors that occur in visual signals. This paper argues that vision algorithms should be formulated using methods from robust regression. The nature of errors in visual signals is discussed, and a prescription for formulating robust algorithms is described. To illustrate the concepts, robust methods have been applied to several problems: surface reconstruction, dynamic stereo, image flow estimation, and edge detection.

关键词： Data modeling visual process modeling Algorithm development Sensors visualization Error analysis Edge detection Computer vision technology Machine vision Sensor fusion

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Special Section Guest Editorial: Conclusion to the Special Series on 2D and 3D Imaging: Perspectives in Human and Model Observer Performance

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Journal of Medical Imaging 2021年第4期8卷 041201页

作者： Mello-Thoms, Claudia Abbey, Craig K. Krupinski, Elizabeth A. University of Iowa Department of Radiology Iowa CityIowa United States University of California Santa Barbara Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences Santa BarbaraCalifornia United States Emory University Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences AtlantaGeorgia United States

Guest editors Claudia Mello-Thoms, Craig K. Abbey, and Elizabeth A. Krupinski conclude the JMI Special Series on 2D and 3D Imaging, with commentary on the contributions.

关键词： 3D modeling 3D acquisition Medical imaging 3D image processing Stereoscopy Performance modeling Computed tomography visualization 3D vision visual process modeling

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Machine vision for ice layer thickness measurements

Machine vision for ice layer thickness measurements

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Conference on Advanced Sensor and Control-System Interface

作者： Hermanto, I Gagnon, RE Canpolar East Inc. (Canada) National Research Council Canada (Canada)

ISBN: (纸本)0819423130

A patented technique for remotely measuring layer thickness of transparent fluids and solids on surfaces has been incorporated into Canpolar East's Smart Camera (VE-262) and been validated for measurement of ice layer thickness. This application addresses the need for reliable detection of icing on aircraft. The thickness measurement technique is carried out by directing a laser beam at the surface with the ice layer. A pattern of illumination appears on the surface as a result of internal reflection of the laser light within the ice layer. The layer thickness is calculated by a simple formula involving the size of the image pattern and the refractive index of layer material. The system was tested using a wedge-shaped ice sample with a maximum thickness of about 10 mm. The data indicated a system measurement accuracy of +/-0.1 mm.

关键词： Cameras Video Image analysis Image processing Machine vision Interfaces Patents Refractive index Solids visual process modeling

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modeling BINOCULAR VISION - LOSS OF 3D IN THE PRESENCE OF RIVALRY REQUIRES A NEW APPROACH 3

MODELING BINOCULAR VISION - LOSS OF 3D IN THE PRESENCE OF RI...

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CONF ON HUMAN VISION, visual processING, AND DIGITAL DISPLAY 3

作者： AMIRA, L Columbia Univ. (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819408204

In a dichoptic stimulus, where one feature in one eye could participate in both rivalry and stereopsis with features in the other eye, 3D perception was lost intermittently. The periods of loss of 3D percept were positively correlated with the periods of rivalrous suppression, and the degree of difference in rivalrous suppression between the eyes, due to variable eye dominance, was positively correlated with the degree of loss of 3D percept. This suggested that because differential luminance between the eyes affects their dominance in rivalry, stereopsis in the presence of rivalry would be similarly affected, and we now suggest that it is. These results are not predicted by any of the presently popular accounts of how rivalry and 'fusion' coexist. Instead, it seems that rivalry and 'fusion' are not two modular processes and that rivalry and stereopsis are affected by the same factors within an interactive network.

关键词： Eye visual process modeling visualization 3D modeling Human vision and color perception 3D vision Image processing Eye models Image fusion Signal processing

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