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visual programming-based Geospatial Cyberinfrastructure for open-source GIS education 3.0

CARTOGRAPHY AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SCIENCE 2025年

作者： Liu, Lingbo Guan, Weihe Wendy Wang, Fahui Bao, Shuming Harvard Univ Ctr Geog Anal Cambridge MA USA Louisiana State Univ Dept Geog & Anthropol Baton Rouge LA 70802 USA China Data Inst Ann Arbor MI USA

Open-ource GIS plays a pivotal role in advancing GIS education, fostering research collaboration, and supporting global sustainability by enabling the sharing of data, models, and knowledge. However, the integration of big data, deep learning methods, and artificial intelligence deep learning in geospatial research presents significant challenges for GIS education. These include increasing software learning costs, higher computational power demand, and the management of fragmented information in the Web 2.0 context. Addressing these challenges while integrating emerging GIS innovations and restructuring GIS knowledge systems is crucial for the evolution of GIS Education 3.0. This study introduces a visual programming-based Geospatial Cyberinfrastructure (V-GCI) framework, integrated with the replicable and reproducible (R&R) framework, to enhance GIS function compatibility, learning scalability, and web GIS application interoperability. Through a case study on spatial accessibility using the generalized two-step floating catchment area method (G2SFCA), this paper demonstrates how V-GCI can reshape the GIS knowledge tree and its potential to enhance replicability and reproducibility within open-source GIS Education 3.0.

关键词： Geospatial Cyberinfrastructure (GCI) open source GIS education visual programming replicability and reproducibility (R&R) KNIME

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PWCT2: A Self-Hosting visual programming Language Based on Ring with Interactive Textual-to-visual Code Conversion

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APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2025年第3期15卷 1521-1521页

作者： Fayed, Mahmoud Samir Alohali, Yousef A. King Saud Univ Coll Comp & Informat Sci Comp Sci Dept Riyadh 11451 Saudi Arabia

visual programming languages (VPLs) play a significant role in simplifying the process of learning to program and reducing development time. Most VPLs are developed for use in education or specific domains. Recently, some projects have aimed to provide general-purpose VPLs. Among these projects is the programming Without Coding Technology (PWCT) project, which has been used for several years to develop and maintain the compiler and virtual machine for the Ring programming language. However, PWCT faces several issues related to code generation performance and the operating systems it supports. Additionally, its visual editor lacks many features, such as rich comments, auto-run, and the ability to import textual code, which are highly important in the era of using large language models for generating textual code. In this research, we present the PWCT2 visual programming language, which is distributed on the Steam platform. On Steam, 1772 users have launched the software, and the total usage time recorded exceeds 17,000 h. This generation provides approximately 36 times faster code generation and 20 times lower storage requirements for visual source files. It also allows for the conversion of Ring code into visual code, enabling the creation of a self-hosting VPL. It consists of approximately 92,000 lines of Ring code and comes with 394 visual components. Moreover, using Ring in this project demonstrates the feasibility of utilizing the language for projects of this scale. Ring compiles PWCT2 in less than one second, and the generated bytecode consists of approximately 724,000 instructions.

关键词： self-hosting visual programming ring language source-to-source translation

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Reliability-Constrained Structural Design Optimization Using visual programming in Building Information Modeling (BIM) Projects

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APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2025年第3期15卷 1025-1025页

作者： Yavan, Feyzullah Maalek, Reza Inst Technol & Management Construct TMB Dept Digital Engn & Construct DEC Gotthard Franz Str 3 D-76131 Karlsruhe Germany

Featured Application Artificial intelligence (AI)-based structural design optimization based on reliability in building information modeling (BIM) *** Providing safe, environmentally conscious, and cost-effective designs is the primary duty of civil engineers. To this end, many different algorithms and methods have been developed in parallel with the progress of digital technologies over the past decades. Techniques such as AI-based Metaheuristic Algorithms (MAs), Reliability Analysis, and Building Information Modelling (BIM) are some of those methods that serve this purpose. The present study focuses on establishing a design optimization methodology by implementing the techniques in the open literature on one software environment to create a robust engineering and architectural workflow. The methodology involves multiple stages such as (i) creating parametric trusses employing visual programming (VP) software Dynamo (Version: 3.0.4);(ii) performing a First-order Reliability Method (FORM) analysis which includes a Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis as a Limit State Function (LSF);(iii) employing MAs to achieve optimum design variables under uncertain design constraints;(iv) testing the methodology with various real-word examples and scenarios;(v) creating an optimized model on Robot Structural Analysis 2024 (RSA) software in real time in the purpose of further adjustments. The results demonstrated that creating a design optimization workflow by utilizing a BIM environment can enhance the design process by easing the storing, sharing, and utilizing of design data by different branches capable of performing different complicated tasks successfully.

关键词： structural optimization reliability-based optimization AI in design generative modelling parametric design visual programming

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Experiencing enjoyment in visual programming tasks promotes self-efficacy and reduces the gender gap

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BRITISH JOURNAL OF EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY 2025年第3期56卷 1231-1247页

作者： Smit, Robbert Schmid, Rahel Robin, Nicolas St Gallen Univ Teacher Educ St Gallen Switzerland

econdary school students (N = 269) participated in a daylong visual programming course held in a stimulating environment for start-up enterprises. The tasks were application-oriented and partly creative. For example, a wearable device with light-emitting diodes, (ie, LEDs) could be applied to a T-shirt and used for optical messages. Our research questions related to the control-value model of achievement emotions. We measured experienced enjoyment four times and examined the dependence of enjoyment on the individual tasks. Experience of enjoyment was also tested for the prediction of students' self-efficacy for programming. The results showed that momentary enjoyment was not significantly dependent on the task situation, but it was dependent on the general enjoyment of programming. However, students with lower enjoyment scores showed higher increases in enjoyment during the final tasks than those with higher initial scores. The emotion score of the girls increased more than those of the boys but the girls' overall enjoyment scores were lower than those of the boys. Students' self-efficacy beliefs of both genders increased over the course, and some of the differences in beliefs can be explained by the enjoyment of the course. In conclusion, our teaching approach seemed beneficial for the motivation to learn programming, particularly among *** notes What is already known about this topic Lower secondary students often report a lack of self-efficacy beliefs for visual programming, especially girls whose confidence in their abilities seems to be missing. Activities that show how programming can be used in everyday life or at work promote interest and enjoyment, especially among girls. What this paper adds Experiencing enjoyment did not depend on individual task types (more structured vs. more open), but proved to be stable across all tasks. The experience of positive emotions in our computer science course had an impact on the secondary school students' s

关键词： emotion gender differences secondary school self-efficacy visual programming

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Dynamic, Randomizable, Autogradable visual programming Simulations for Python Using PrairieLearn 56

Dynamic, Randomizable, Autogradable Visual Programming Simul...

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56th Annual SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, SIGCSE TS 2025

作者： Chulo, Noemi Classon, Gabriel Chiu, Ashley Garcia, Dan Fox, Armando Norouzi, Narges UC Berkeley Berkeley United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798400705328

We debut a visual program simulation tool for Python in PrairieLearn, a web-based assessment system. Our tool allows students to create program visualizations based on Python code through direct interaction with elements on a virtual canvas. Students can submit their visualizations, which are then automatically evaluated for correctness. For instructors, the integration of our tool with PrairieLearn allows problems to be randomly generated based on template problems they write. Instructors can use these randomizations to generate unique questions for each student. © 2025 Copyright held by the owner/author(s).

关键词： assessment introductory programming mastery learning programming education visual programming

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Understanding comment practices in Scratch: A study of comments in a block-based visual programming language☆

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JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE 2025年 222卷

作者： Akanda, Wahiduzzaman Clause, James Univ Delaware Dept Comp & Informat Sci 101 Smith Hall18 Amstel Ave Newark DE 19716 USA

Comments are vital for software documentation. They provide necessary insights and assist developers in understanding and maintaining the software. Due to their importance, comments have been extensively studied, and much has been learned about them. These existing studies have predominantly focused on textbased languages. Conversely, block-based visual programming languages, particularly Scratch, are becoming increasingly popular. Some studies regarding comments related to the Scratch online community focus on topics such as fostering online community and engagement, sentiment analysis, etc. However, they overlook the visual aspects and the qualitative analysis of comments within code in Scratch projects. This is a meaningful limitation, and this research project studies comments and their pattern in Scratch projects from both textual and visual perspectives. We examined comments collected from different Scratch projects. Each comment was manually annotated based on textual and visual attributes, producing a taxonomy model of comments fora visual programming language. The classification results were analyzed to understand better the practice of commenting in Scratch. Our result revealed that Scratch projects produced noisier(i.e., less understandable) comments than text-based programming languages like Java. In addition, the study also revealed several limitations and shortcomings that could be addressed to improve the commenting experience in Scratch.

关键词： Comment Text-based programming visual programming Scratch Taxonomy

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Effect of visual programming Instruction on Students' Flow Experience, programming Self-Efficacy, and Sustained Willingness to Learn

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JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED LEARNING 2025年第1期41卷

作者： Huang, Chiao Ling Fu, Lianzi Hung, Shih-Chieh Yang, Shu Ching Natl Chi Nan Univ Ctr Teacher Educ Interdisciplinary Program Educ Puli Taiwan Shanghai Hongkou 2 Cent Primary Sch Shanghai Peoples R China Southern Taiwan Univ Sci & Technol Dept Informat & Commun Tainan Taiwan Natl Sun Yat Sen Univ Inst Educ Kaohsiung Taiwan

BackgroundMany studies have highlighted the positive effects of visual programming instruction (VPI) on students' learning experiences, programming self-efficacy and flow experience. However, there is a notable gap in the research on how these factors specifically impact programming achievement and learning intentions. Our study addresses this gap by focusing on flowchart-based programming-a relatively underexplored area in educational research. To ensure relevance to the educational context, AbilixChart and Ability Storm SK902 were specifically selected for their alignment with the curriculum of the target school, where these tools are widely utilised in both teaching and extracurricular activities. This alignment allowed for a seamless integration of these tools into regular classroom practices after the study's conclusion, ensuring continued application and maximising the study's practical impact. Furthermore, integrating educational robots enhanced student engagement and provided a practical means to evaluate the accuracy of their programming skills. By doing so, our study not only contributes to filling a gap in the literature but also has the potential to influence educational practices by demonstrating the value of incorporating flowchart-based programming and robotics into the *** present study aims to conduct an instructional experiment utilising VPI with flowchart-based programming tools. The main objective is to investigate how these tools influence 219 high school students' flow experience, programming self-efficacy, and sustained learning *** study employed a pre- and post-test design with a single group and conducted an 11-week instructional experiment. The students used the Abilix Chart software and the Ability Storm SK902 kit to build an intelligent car and learn about visual programming. They were tasked with independently designing programs to solve practical problems in different scenarios. Research tools i

关键词： flow experience programming self-efficacy sustained learning willingness visual programming

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visual programming for structural assessment of out-of-plane mechanisms in historic masonry structures

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JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING 2020年 31卷

作者： Funari, Marco Francesco Spadea, Saverio Lonetti, Paolo Fabbrocino, Francesco Luciano, Raimondo Univ Dundee Sch Sci & Engn Dundee DD1 4HN Scotland Univ Calabria Dept Civil Engn Via P BucciCubo39B I-87030 Arcavacata Di Rende CS Italy Pegaso Univ Dept Civil Engn Naples Italy Univ Naples Parthenope Dept Engn Naples Italy

This work aims at proposing a novel procedure for the seismic assessment of historic masonry structures which is computationally efficient and does not rely on destructive material tests. Digital datasets describing the geometric configuration of historic masonry structures are employed to automatically generate a non-linear Finite Element (FE) model and investigate on possible collapse modes. A configuration of failure surfaces is therefore detected through the Control Surface Method (CSM), which is here proposed for the first time. In a following step of the analysis, structural macroblocks are identified, whereas an upper bound limit analysis approach is employed to estimate the structural capacity of the structure. Genetic Algorithms are also employed to detect the actual failure mode for the structure. The procedure is implemented into a visual coding environment, which allows one to parametrically explore all possible failure surfaces and immediately visualize the effects of the user assumptions. This is particularly suited to support a decisions-making process which strongly relay on engineering judgement. The procedure is validated by the analysis of two benchmark cases, whose results are presented and discussed.

关键词： Masonry structures Pushover analysis Upper bound limit analysis Genetic algorithms visual programming

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visual programming INTERFACE FOR AN IMAGE-PROCESSING ENVIRONMENT

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PATTERN RECOGNITION LETTERS 1994年第11期15卷 1099-1109页

作者： KOELMA, D SMEULDERS, A Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science University of Amsterdam Kruislaan 403 1098 SJ Amsterdam Netherlands

The paper presents a visual programming interface for an image processing environment improving traditional interfaces by combining the user-friedliness of the menu and dialogue approach with programming capabilities. The interface gives a layman the opportunity to develop powerful image processing applications in a two-dimensional, data flow metaphor. This metaphor provides a better insight into the structure of an application than a traditional interface. The visual programming interface was developed in the principle of dialogue independence (Hartson and Hix, 1989). The communication between the user interface components and the computational components is well defined without jeopardizing the expressive power of the user interface. This allows for the independent development of image processing functions and user interface aspects. The integration of new functions into the environment is trivial.

关键词： IMAGE PROCESSING ENVIRONMENT visual programming USER INTERFACE DIALOG INDEPENDENCE

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visual programming with analogical representations: Inspirations from a semiotic analysis of comics

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JOURNAL OF visual LANGUAGES AND COMPUTING 2007年第2期18卷 99-125页

作者： Kindborg, Mikael McGee, Kevin Linkoping Univ Dept Comp & Informat Sci SE-58183 Linkoping Sweden

Analogical representations based on pictures of domain objects can be used in visual programming to provide a close mapping between the program and the resulting runtime display, which can make programming easier for children and other users. The use of graphical rewrite rules with before and after pictures is an example of this approach. Graphical rewrite rules have some similarities with comics strips, which also use picture sequences of graphical objects to describe dynamics in a static form. However, the visual language of comics is not used to its full potential in visual programming. We discuss how a semiotic analysis of comics can be used to address some of the limitations of graphical rewrite rules. We use a visual programming system we have designed to illustrate that comic strips can express more general computations and be more intuitive and flexible than traditional graphical rewrites. Our conclusion is that the visual language of comics has a strong potential for increasing the expressiveness and flexibility of visual programming with analogical representations of domain objects, while maintaining a direct mapping between the program representation and the runtime representation. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： visual programming comics graphical rewrite rules semiotics children

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