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28th IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (IEEE VR)

作者： Broussard, David M. Rahman, Yitoshee Kulshreshth, Arun K. Borst, Christoph W. Univ Louisiana Lafayette Lafayette LA 70504 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665440578

Networked VR is gaining recognition as a way to provide remote presentations or classes when in-person meetings are difficult or risky to conduct. However, the tools do not provide as many cues about audience actions and attention as in-person meetings, for example, subtle face and body motion cues are missing. Furthermore, the field of view and visual detail are reduced, and there are added problems such as motion sickness, network disconnections, and relatively unrestricted avatar positioning. To help teachers understand and manage students in such an environment, we designed an interface to support teacher awareness of students and their actions, attention, and temperament in a social VR environment. This paper focuses on how different visual cues are integrated into an immersive VR interface that keeps relevant information about students within the teacher's visual field of attention. Cues include floating indicators, centrally-arranged face icons with gaze information, tethers and other indicators of avatar location, and options to reduce the amount of presented information. We include a pilot study of user preferences for different cue types and their parameters (such as indicator style and placement with respect to the teacher).

关键词： Computing methodologies Computer graphics Graphics systems and interfaces Virtual reality Human-centered computing visualization visualization design and evaluation methods Applied computing Education Distance learning

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A Novel Tool for Immersive Authoring of Experiential Learning in Virtual Reality

A Novel Tool for Immersive Authoring of Experiential Learnin...

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28th IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (IEEE VR)

作者： Cassola, Fernando Pinto, Manuel Mendes, Daniel Morgado, Leonel Coelho, Antonio Paredes, Hugo Univ Porto Fac Engn INESC TEC Porto Portugal INESC TEC Porto Portugal Univ Aberta INESC TEC Lisbon Portugal Univ Tras Os Montes & Alto Douro INESC TEC Vila Real Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781665440578

Training in VR can reduce risks and costs while allowing frequent and diversified experiential learning activities. We present a novel VR immersive authoring tool for experiential learning courses with industrial machinery. A trainer can create a course from scratch, defining all its components (structure, models, tools, and settings). The actions which trainees should perform can be specified by demonstration. After completing the course, trainees' actions will be matched against the trainer's.

关键词： Human-centered computing visualization visualization techniques Treemaps Human-centered computing visualization visualization design and evaluation methods

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Climaxing VR Character with Scene-Aware Aesthetic Dress Synthesis 28

Climaxing VR Character with Scene-Aware Aesthetic Dress Synt...

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28th IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (IEEE VR)

作者： Hou, Sifan Wang, Yujia Liang, Wei Ning, Bing Beijing Inst Technol Beijing Peoples R China Beijing Inst Fash Technol Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665418386

Like real humans, virtual characters also need to dress up according to different application scenarios so that the virtual character appears professionally. harmoniously, and naturally. However, manual selection is tedious, and the appearances of virtual characters usually lack variety. In this paper, we propose a new problem of synthesizing appropriate dress for a virtual character based on the scenario analysis where he/she shows up. We come up with a pipeline to tackle the scenario-aware dress synthesis problem. Firstly, given a scene, our approach predicts a dress code from the extracted high-level information in the scene, consisting of season, occasion, and scene category. Then our approach tunes the dress details to fit the aesthetic criteria and the virtual character's attributes. An optimization of a cost function implements the tuning process. We carried out experiments to validate the efficacy of the proposed approach. The perceptual study results show the good performance of our approach.

关键词： Digital Fashion visualization design and evaluation methods Fashion Outfit Generation

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How Learners Sketch Data Stories

How Learners Sketch Data Stories

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IEEE visualization Conference (IEEE VIS)

作者： Bhargava, Rahul Williams, Dee D'Ignazio, Catherine Northeastern Univ Boston MA 02115 USA MIT 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge MA 02139 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665433358

Learning data storytelling involves a complex web of skills. Professional and academic educational offerings typically focus on the computational literacies required, but professionals in the field employ many non-technical methods;sketching by hand on paper is a common practice. This paper introduces and classifies a corpus of 101 data sketches produced by participants as part of a guided learning activity in informal and formal settings. We manually code each sketch against 12 metrics related to visual encodings, representations, and story structure. We find evidence for preferential use of positional and shape-based encodings, frequent use of symbolic and textual representations, and a high prevalence of stories comparing subsets of data. These findings contribute to our understanding of how learners sketch with data. This case study can inform tool design for learners, and help create educational programs that introduce novices to sketching practices used by experts.

关键词： Human-centered computing visualization design and evaluation methods Social and professional topics Informal education

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Interactive Cohort Analysis and Hypothesis Discovery by Exploring Temporal Patterns in Population-Level Health Records

Interactive Cohort Analysis and Hypothesis Discovery by Expl...

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IEEE Workshop on Visual Analytics in Healthcare (VAHC)

作者： Zhang, Tianyi McCoy, Thomas H. Perlis, Roy H. Doshi-Velez, Finale Glassman, Elena Purdue Univ W Lafayette IN 47907 USA Harvard Med Sch Massachusetts Gen Hosp Boston MA 02115 USA Harvard Univ Cambridge MA 02138 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781665420679

It is challenging to visualize temporal patterns in electronic health records (EHRs) due to the high volume and high dimensionality of EHRs. In this paper, we conduct a formative study with three clinical researchers to understand their needs of exploring temporal patterns in EHRs. Based on those insights, we develop a new visualization interface that renders medical event trajectories in a holistic timeline view and guides users towards interesting patterns using an information scent based method. We demonstrate how a clinical researcher can use our tool to discover interesting sub-cohorts with unique disease progression and treatment trajectories in a case study.

关键词： Human-centered computing visualization visualization techniques Human-centered computing visualization visualization design and evaluation methods

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Visual Complexity and Scene Recognition: How Low Can You Go? 28

Visual Complexity and Scene Recognition: How Low Can You Go?

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28th IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (IEEE VR)

作者： Handali, Joshua Peter Schneider, Johannes Gau, Michael Holzwarth, Valentin vom Brocke, Jan Univ Liechtenstein Vaduz Liechtenstein Karlsruhe Inst Technol KIT Karlsruhe Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781665418386

Visual realism in Virtual Reality (VR) increases both immersion and development costs. Consequently, it is important to understand the cost-benefit trade-off of specific aspects of visual realism. Determining the extent of visual realism often leads to decisions on the level of visual complexity of a Virtual Environment (VE). In this paper, we investigate the impact of visual complexity on a user's spatial orientation through a user study. To do so, we created a VE containing parts of a real-world place. Participants were asked to map their location within the VE to the corresponding real-world location. They were provided by a pop-up map of the entire VE, on which they were required to choose one named location out of a pre-defined set of locations. We manipulated the VE's visual complexity by varying the visual elements used to provide cartographic information, namely a map overlay and 3D blocks as buildings. This results in four scene types: i) landscape contour, ii) landscape contour with 3D buildings, iii) landscape contour overlaid with a map, and iv) landscape contour with both 3D buildings and the map overlay. Each participant performed our location recall task for each scene type. Our findings provide empirical evidence that addition of each of these two visual elements individually improved spatial orientation, while their combination only adds a slight improvement.

关键词： Human-centered computing visualization Empirical studies in visualization Human-centered computing visualization visualization design and evaluation methods

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WarehouseVis: A Visual Analytics Approach to Facilitating Warehouse Location Selection for Business Districts

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COMPUTER GRAPHICS FORUM 2020年第3期39卷 483-495页

作者： Li, Q. Liu, Q. Q. Tang, C. F. Li, Z. W. Wei, S. C. Peng, X. R. Zheng, M. H. Chen, T. J. Yang, Q. WeBank AI Grp Shenzhen Guangdong Peoples R China Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol Dept Comp Sci & Engn Hong Kong Peoples R China

Selecting a proper warehouse location serving to satisfy the demands of the goods from a certain business area is important to a successful retail business. However, the large solution space, uncertain traffic conditions, and varying business preferences impose great challenges on warehouse location selection. Conventional approaches mainly summarize relevant evaluation criteria and compile them into an analysis report to facilitate rapid data absorption but fail to support a comprehensive and joint decision-making process in warehouse location selection. In this paper, we propose a visual analytics approach to facilitating warehouse location selection. We first visually centralize relevant information of warehouses and adapts a widely-used methodology to efficiently rank warehouse candidates. We then design a delivering estimation model based on massive logistics trajectories to resolve the uncertainty issue of traffic conditions of warehouses. Based on these techniques, an interactive framework is proposed to generate and explore the candidate warehouses. We conduct a case study and a within-subject study with baseline systems to assess the efficacy of our system. Experts' feedback also suggests that our approach indeed helps them better tackle the problem of finding an ideal warehouse in the field of retail logistics management.

关键词： CCS Concepts • Human‐centered computing → visualization visualization design and evaluation methods

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Feature Driven Combination of Animated Vector Field visualizations

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COMPUTER GRAPHICS FORUM 2020年第3期39卷 429-441页

作者： Lobo, M-J. Telea, A. C. Hurter, C. Ecole Natl Aviat Civile Toulouse France Univ Utrecht Utrecht Netherlands

Animated visualizations are one of the methods for finding and understanding complex structures of time-dependent vector fields. Many visualization designs can be used to this end, such as streamlines, vector glyphs, and image-based techniques. While all such designs can depict any vector field, their effectiveness in highlighting particular field aspects has not been fully explored. To fill this gap, we compare three animated vector field visualization techniques, OLIC, IBFV, and particles, for a critical point detection-and-classification task through a user study. Our results show that the effectiveness of the studied techniques depends on the nature of the critical points. We use these results to design a new flow visualization technique that combines all studied techniques in a single view by locally using the most effective technique for the patterns present in the flow data at that location. A second user study shows that our technique is more efficient and less error prone than the three other techniques used individually for the critical point detection task.

关键词： CCS Concepts • Human‐centered computing → visualization techniques visualization design and evaluation methods

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A Survey on Transit Map Layout from design, Machine, and Human Perspectives

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COMPUTER GRAPHICS FORUM 2020年第3期39卷 618-646页

作者： Wu, Hsiang-Yun Niedermann, Benjamin Takahashi, Shigeo Roberts, Maxwell J. Noellenburg, Martin TU Wien Vienna Austria Univ Bonn Bonn Germany Univ Aizu Aizu Wakamatsu Fukushima Japan Univ Essex Colchester Essex England

Transit maps are designed to present information for using public transportation systems, such as urban railways. Creating a transit map is a time-consuming process, which requires iterative information selection, layout design, and usability validation, and thus maps cannot easily be customised or updated frequently. To improve this, scientists investigate fully- or semi-automatic techniques in order to produce high quality transit maps using computers and further examine their corresponding usability. Nonetheless, the quality gap between manually-drawn maps and machine-generated maps is still large. To elaborate the current research status, this state-of-the-art report provides an overview of the transit map generation process, primarily from design, Machine, and Human perspectives. A systematic categorisation is introduced to describe the design pipeline, and an extensive analysis of perspectives is conducted to support the proposed taxonomy. We conclude this survey with a discussion on the current research status, open challenges, and future directions.

关键词： CCS Concepts • Human‐centered computing → visualization techniques visualization design and evaluation methods

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Data Comets: designing a visualization Tool for Analyzing Autonomous Aerial Vehicle Logs with Grounded evaluation

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COMPUTER GRAPHICS FORUM 2020年第3期39卷 455-468页

作者： Saffo, David Leventidis, Aristotelis Jain, Twinkle Borkin, Michelle A. Dunne, Cody Northeastern Univ Khoury Coll Comp Sci Boston MA 02115 USA

Autonomous unmanned aerial vehicles are complex systems of hardware, software, and human input. Understanding this complexity is key to their development and operation. Information visualizations already exist for exploring flight logs but comprehensive analyses currently require several disparate and custom tools. This design study helps address the pain points faced by autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle developers and operators. We contribute: a spiral development process model for grounded evaluation visualization development focused on progressively broadening target user involvement and refining user goals;a demonstration of the model as part of developing a deployed and adopted visualization system;a data and task abstraction for developers and operators performing post-flight analysis of autonomous unmanned aerial vehicle logs;the design and implementation of DATA COMETS, an open-source and web-based interactive visualization tool for post-flight log analysis incorporating temporal, geospatial, and multivariate data;and the results of a summative evaluation of the visualization system and our abstractions based on in-the-wild usage. A free copy of this paper and source code are available at ***/h4p7g

关键词： CCS Concepts • Human‐centered computing → Visual analytics Geographic visualization visualization design and evaluation methods

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