In channels affected by fading or strong interference, the throughput of frequency-hop spread-spectrum communication systems employing hybrid automatic repeat request protocols can be unacceptably low. We show that si...
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In channels affected by fading or strong interference, the throughput of frequency-hop spread-spectrum communication systems employing hybrid automatic repeat request protocols can be unacceptably low. We show that significant improvements in throughput can be achieved by combining symbols between the different transmissions. Several symbol combining techniques based on viterbi's (1982) ratio threshold test and on Bayesian decision theory are proposed and are shown to provide substantial improvements in performance over systems that do not employ symbol combining.
We propose a novel framework for continuous speech recognition (CSR) based on non-parametric acoustic modeling using multiple phoneme templates set in a modified one-pass DP decoding algorithm, in contrast to the conv...
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We propose a novel framework for continuous speech recognition (CSR) based on non-parametric acoustic modeling using multiple phoneme templates set in a modified one-pass DP decoding algorithm, in contrast to the conventional HMM acoustic models set in viterbi decoding. We particularly emphasis the 'selectivity' property of templates as set in the proposed modified one-pass DP decoding algorithm and explore various contextual definitions of the templates and their relative performances for a range of small vocabulary tasks with TIMIT database using only acoustic models. Based on this, we show that the proposed framework based on phoneme template modeling is a viable means for CSR with potential for interesting issues in acoustic modeling and decoding strategies, particularly in the paradigmatically novel framework of model-free CSR.
This paper is mainly concerned with the combination and decomposition of linear block error-control codes for satellite and deep space communications. These problems are posed because concatenated codes are not optimu...
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This paper is mainly concerned with the combination and decomposition of linear block error-control codes for satellite and deep space communications. These problems are posed because concatenated codes are not optimum codes in most cases. Even when the inner and outer codes are optimum codes individually, their combination is still not optimum. To identify an optimum code, it is necessary to extend concatenated codes into their generalised concatenated codes domain. A generalised concatenated coding scheme is able to achieve the highest coding rate for a required code distance, or for a fixed coding rate achieve a maximum error-control ability. Therefore near optimal bit error probability (BEP) performance can be obtained.
This paper investigates audio-visual unit selection for the synthesis of photo-realistic, speech-synchronized talking-head animations. These animations are synthesized from recorded video samples of a subject speaking...
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This paper investigates audio-visual unit selection for the synthesis of photo-realistic, speech-synchronized talking-head animations. These animations are synthesized from recorded video samples of a subject speaking in front of a camera, resulting in a photo-realistic appearance. The lip-synchronization is obtained by optimally selecting and concatenating variable-length video units of the mouth area. Synthesizing a new speech animation from these recorded units starts with audio speech and its phonetic annotation from a text-to-speech synthesizer. Then, optimal image units are selected from the recorded set using a viterbi search through a graph of candidate image units. Costs are attached to the nodes and arcs of the graph that are computed from similarities in both the acoustic and visual domain. While acoustic similarities are computed by simple phonetic matching, visual similarities are estimated using a hierarchical metric that uses high-level features (position and sizes of facial parts) and low-level features (projection of the image pixels on principal components of the database). This method preserves coarticulation and temporal coherence, producing smooth, lip-synched animations. Once the database has been prepared, this system can produce animations from ASCII text fully automatically.
The maximum a posteriori (MAP) probability algorithm and the soft output viterbi algorithm (SOVA), usually known as soft in soft out (SISO) algorithms are used for data detection in non minimum phase channels represen...
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The maximum a posteriori (MAP) probability algorithm and the soft output viterbi algorithm (SOVA), usually known as soft in soft out (SISO) algorithms are used for data detection in non minimum phase channels representative of an outdoor cellular wireless environment. The performance of combinations of MAP and SOVA based equalizer and decoder is evaluated by simulation experiment. The performance does not improve much for more than five iterations in a severe ISI channel. The results obtained for 1 dB to 4 dB bit energy to noise power show that almost identical results are obtained for two other combinations of the SOVA and MAP in a serial concatenated scheme to take care of ISI. Theoretical analysis seems to support the viewpoint that all 4 possible combinations of MAP and SOVA algorithms result in an almost identical performance towards higher iteration numbers. Hence, SOVA-SOVA combination may be more suitable from implementation point of view than the other 3 combinations
The authors investigate the tracking performance of two popular synchronization schemes used for clock and carrier recovery in trellis-code modulated signals. Clock extraction is accomplished by squaring and then filt...
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The authors investigate the tracking performance of two popular synchronization schemes used for clock and carrier recovery in trellis-code modulated signals. Clock extraction is accomplished by squaring and then filtering the incoming signal with a narrow bandpass filter tuned to the nominal symbol rate. Phase recovery is achieved by means of a decision-directed loop wherein an error voltage, derived from the signal samples and the decoder decisions, is used to update the current estimate of the carrier phase. The standard of comparison is the performance of the same synchronizers when operating with uncoded signals. The main result is that good codes do not affect the tracking operation of the synchronizers. More generally, sufficient conditions are given for the tracking behavior to be code-independent.< >
The adaptability and effectiveness of Network-on-Chip (NoC) have made it an emerging framework enabling on-chip transmission on many core platforms. The trustworthiness of NoC designs is still of great concern, especi...
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ISBN:
(数字)9798331517892
ISBN:
(纸本)9798331517908
The adaptability and effectiveness of Network-on-Chip (NoC) have made it an emerging framework enabling on-chip transmission on many core platforms. The trustworthiness of NoC designs is still of great concern, especially in the event of temporary faults that might affect data when it is being transmitted. The goal of this investigation is to offer an improved network design for NoC that incorporates fault identification and repair techniques to increase transmission consistency altogether. In a NoC framework, trade of information among different centers happens through numerous point-to-point information joins interconnected by switches. Hence, these switches assume a key job in NoC. All in all, switches have cushions for brief stockpiling of the parcels if there should arise an occurrence of clogging at info and yield ports. So, these cushions devour enormous regions and forces in the switch systems. And furthermore, enormous quantities of support lines are unfilled, though others are occupied. This prompted the plan of switch engineering with shared cradle lines to augment cushion usage. In this methodology, support turns out to be progressively productive because of the powerful bypassing of parcels through the mutual cushion lines. So as to improve the precision of the information, the extra usefulness of blunder location utilizing Cyclic Redundancy Check and mistake remedy utilizing viterbi calculation for various bits has been proposed.
The concept of Quality Layers (QL) has been adopted in the SVC standard in order to ensure optimal rate adaptation of pre-coded video in the rate-distortion sense. We have previously extended QL to multiview scalable ...
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The concept of Quality Layers (QL) has been adopted in the SVC standard in order to ensure optimal rate adaptation of pre-coded video in the rate-distortion sense. We have previously extended QL to multiview scalable video for efficient transport of 3DTV over the Internet. However, it is not possible to use the QL method in applications that require real-time encoding since priority determination process assumes the availability of the whole stereo video sequence. In this work, a viterbi-like on-line, joint optimization of right and left view rate-adaptation is proposed for real-time scalable stereo video coding (with one GoP delay). We assume that the encoder/extractor is aware of the available dynamic network bandwidth in order to perform rate-distortion optimized MGS layer selection for each GoP. Experimental results show that the performance of proposed on-line method is comparable to that of QL that would require the whole stereo sequence.
A novel method for interference estimation in the iterative parallel interference canceller is presented. The standard log-likelihood ratio algorithm suffers from a bias problem that limits the system capacity. We pro...
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ISBN:
(纸本)0780371232
A novel method for interference estimation in the iterative parallel interference canceller is presented. The standard log-likelihood ratio algorithm suffers from a bias problem that limits the system capacity. We propose an improved iterative parallel interference canceller which is able to overcome this problem. In a highly loaded system the correlation between the the decoder inputs in successive iterations is low enough so that a simple combining of the decoder inputs, as if they were independent, yields a high capacity increase.
This work presents signaling techniques for global and local on-chip interconnects, namely voltage-mode and current-mode differential signaling and simultaneous bidirectional signaling. In the proposed approach, these...
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This work presents signaling techniques for global and local on-chip interconnects, namely voltage-mode and current-mode differential signaling and simultaneous bidirectional signaling. In the proposed approach, these techniques were applied along with the self-timed design methodology to the interconnects of the path metric unit of the viterbi decoder, and to the global on-chip bus segment. The simulations are performed using 0.18 /spl mu/m technology. These interconnects are compared in terms of power consumption, noise, and speed. The study considered in this paper revealed the possibilities of current-mode signaling in global on-chip interconnects, while for local interconnects, the optimal result is achieved by applying voltage-mode signaling.
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