检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

A new hybrid framework for medical image retrieval and compression using neural networks

CLUSTER COMPUTING-THE JOURNAL OF NETWORKS SOFTWARE TOOLS AND APPLICATIONS 2025年第4期28卷 1-25页

作者： Khalifeh, Mohammad Hossein Taghizadeh, Mehdi Ghanbarian, Mohammad Mehdi Jamali, Jasem Islamic Azad Univ Dept Elect & Comp Kazerun Branch Kazerun Iran

With the rapid growth of medical image data, there is an increasing need for real-time uploading and storage of these images despite limitations in network bandwidth and storage capacity. However, existing medical image compression technologies are unable to achieve joint optimization of compression rate and image quality (referred to as "rate-distortion" optimization). The primary goal of this study is to maximize the compression of medical images while ensuring high-quality reconstruction. This study utilizes two methods for compressing medical images intended for long-term storage. In the first approach, images are simplified through a hierarchical model that classifies image elements using a neural network. These classified images are then compressed using Huffman coding. The second method employs a prediction-based approach involving deep neural network training. By utilizing a trained neural network, this approach reduces data requirements by estimating pixel positions, with the remaining data compressed using Huffman coding. To reconstruct the images, the compressed data is decoded, and an enhanced spatial filtering technique is applied, followed by reconstruction using the Wild Horse Optimization (who) and Gray Wolf Optimization (GWO) meta-heuristic algorithms. This method allows the proposed strategies to function effectively in non-deterministic environments without compromising compression efficiency. The proposed methods successfully simplify medical images, resulting in improved decoding speeds. We achieved a Structural Similarity Index (SSIM) of 0.9637 and a Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) of 38.196, both indicating high reconstruction quality. Performance metrics were then analyzed in the context of daily practical applications. Compared to existing deep learning-based approaches, our proposed methods provide high levels of compression while preserving excellent image quality.

关键词： Medical image retrieval Medical image compression GWO algorithm Neural network who algorithm

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Optimizing Tuberculosis Diagnosis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Inpatients Meeting the Criteria of Seriously Ill in the World Health Organization algorithm

引用

CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2018年第9期66卷 1419-1426页

作者： Griesel, Rulan Stewart, Annemie van der Plas, Helen Sikhondze, Welile Rangaka, Molebogeng X. Nicol, Mark P. Kengne, Andre P. Mendelson, Marc Maartens, Gary Univ Cape Town Div Clin Pharmacol Observatory South Africa Univ Cape Town Div Infect Dis & HIV Med Observatory South Africa Univ Cape Town Dept Med Observatory South Africa UCL Inst Global Hlth Dept Infect & Populat Hlth London England Univ Cape Town Inst Infect Dis & Mol Med Observatory South Africa Univ Cape Town Div Med Microbiol Dept Pathol Observatory South Africa Natl Hlth Lab Serv South Africa Cape Town South Africa MRC Cape Town South Africa

Background. The World Health Organization (who) algorithm for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in seriously ill human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients lacks a firm evidence base. We aimed to develop a clinical prediction rule for the diagnosis of tuberculosis and to determine the diagnostic utility of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay in seriously ill HIV-infected patients. Methods. We conducted a prospective study among HIV-infected inpatients with any cough duration and who-defined danger signs. Culture-positive tuberculosis from any site was the reference standard. A priori selected variables were assessed for univariate associations with tuberculosis. The most predictive variables were assessed in a multivariate logistic regression model and used to establish a clinical prediction rule for diagnosing tuberculosis. Results. We enrolled 484 participants. The median age was 36 years, 65.5% were female, the median CD4 count was 89 cells/mu L, and 35.3% were on antiretroviral therapy. Tuberculosis was diagnosed in 52.7% of participants. The c-statistic of our clinical prediction rule (variables: cough >= 14 days, unable to walk unaided, temperature >39 degrees C, chest radiograph assessment, hemoglobin, and white cell count) was 0.811 (95% confidence interval,.802-.819). The classic tuberculosis symptoms (fever, night sweats, weight loss) added no discriminatory value in diagnosing tuberculosis. Xpert MTB/RIF assay sensitivity was 86.3% and specificity was 96.1%. Conclusions. Our clinical prediction rule had good diagnostic utility for tuberculosis among seriously ill HIV-infected inpatients. Xpert MTB/RIF assay, incorporated into the updated 2016 who algorithm, had high sensitivity and specificity in this population. Our findings could facilitate improved diagnosis of tuberculosis among seriously ill HIV-infected inpatients in resource-constrained settings.

关键词： HIV tuberculosis diagnosis who algorithm inpatients Xpert MTB/RIF assay

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

A Clinical Prediction Score Including Trial of Antibiotics and C-Reactive Protein to Improve the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Ambulatory People With HIV

引用

OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2020年第2期7卷 ofz543页

作者： Boyles, Tom H. Nduna, Matilda Pitsi, Thalitha Scott, Lesley Fox, Matthew P. Maartens, Gary Univ Cape Town Dept Med Cape Town South Africa Univ Cape Town Div Clin Pharmacol Dept Med Cape Town South Africa Hillbrow Community Healthcare Clin Johannesburg South Africa Univ Witwatersrand Sch Pathol Dept Mol Med & Haematol Fac Hlth Sci Johannesburg South Africa Boston Univ Sch Publ Hlth Dept Global Hlth Boston MA USA Univ Witwatersrand Hlth Econ & Epidemiol Res Off Fac Hlth Sci Dept Internal MedSch Clin Med Johannesburg South Africa Boston Univ Sch Publ Hlth Dept Epidemiol Boston MA USA

Background. The use of a "trial of antibiotics" as empiric therapy for bacterial pneumonia as a diagnostic tool for tuberculosis in people with I IIV (PWII) was removed from World health Organization (who) recommendations in 2007, based on expert opinion. Current guidelines recommend antibiotics only after 2 Xpert MTB/RIF tests (if available), chest x-ray, and clinical assessment have suggested that tuberculosis is unlikely. Despite this, a "trial of antibiotics" remains common in algorithms in low-resource settings, but its value is uncertain. C-reactive protein (CRP), which has been proposed as a "rule-out" test for tuberculosis, may be an objective marker of response to antibiotics. Methods. We performed a passive case-finding cohort study of adult PWH with a positive who symptom screen. All participants received antibiotics at first visit according to the local protocol and were reviewed to ascertain clinical response. Point-of-care CRP was measured at both visits. All patients had sputum tested with Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra), and the reference standard was based on 2 sputum mycobacterial cultures. We explored multivariable prediction models (MPM) for tuberculosis based on 1 or 2 visits. Results. Seventy-five of 207 patients (36%) had confirmed tuberculosis. Clinical response to antibiotics after 2 days was a good predictor of disease. An MPM based on 2 visits, without CRP, had acceptable discrimination (c-statistic, 0.75) and calibration (goodness-of-fit P = .07). Addition of CRP after antibiotics improved the model moderately (c-statistic, 0.78). CRP at first visit was not an independent predictor of tuberculosis. Conclusions. In adult PWH seeking care for symptoms suggestive of tuberculosis, lack of response to antibiotics is a strong predictor of disease and is likely to be useful, particularly when access to Ultra is limited. CRP adds value when measured after antibiotics but is of limited value at first visit.

关键词： C-reactive protein diagnostic accuracy multivariable prediction models who algorithm Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Agreement Between the World Health Organization algorithm and Lung Consolidation Identified Using Point-of-Care Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Childhood Pneumonia by General Practitioners

引用

LUNG 2015年第4期193卷 531-538页

作者： Chavez, Miguel A. Naithani, Neha Gilman, Robert H. Tielsch, James M. Khatry, Subarna Ellington, Laura E. Jaime Miranda, J. Gurung, Ghanashyam Rodriguez, Shalim Checkley, William Johns Hopkins Univ Sch Med Div Pulm & Crit Care Baltimore MD 21205 USA AB PRISMA Biomed Res Unit Lima Peru Johns Hopkins Univ Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth Dept Int Hlth Program Global Dis Epidemiol & Control Baltimore MD 21205 USA George Washington Univ Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv Dept Global Hlth Washington DC USA Nepal Nutr Intervent Project Sarlahi Kathmandu Nepal Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia CRONICAS Ctr Excellence Chron Dis Lima Peru Tribhuvan Univ Teaching Hosp Dept Radiol & Imaging Kathmandu Nepal Hosp Nacl Eduardo Rebagliati Martins Unidad Cuidados Intens Lima Peru

Purpose The World Health Organization (who) case management algorithm for acute lower respiratory infections has moderate sensitivity and poor specificity for the diagnosis of pneumonia. We sought to determine the feasibility of using point-of-care ultrasound in resource-limited settings to identify pneumonia by general health practitioners and to determine agreement between the who algorithm and lung consolidations identified by point-of-care ultrasound. Methods An expert radiologist taught two general practitioners how to perform point-of-care ultrasound over a seven-day period. We then conducted a prospective study of children aged 2 months to 3 years in Peru and Nepal with and without respiratory symptoms, which were evaluated by point-of-care ultrasound to identify lung consolidation. Results We enrolled 378 children: 127 were controls without respiratory symptoms, 82 had respiratory symptoms without clinical pneumonia, and 169 had clinical pneumonia by who criteria. Point-of-care ultrasound was performed in the community (n = 180), in outpatient offices (n = 95), in hospital wards (n = 19), and in Emergency Departments (n = 84). Average time to perform point-of-care ultrasound was 6.4 +/- 2.2 min. Inter-observer agreement for point-of-care ultrasound interpretation between general practitioners was high (k = 0.79, 95 % CI 0.73-0.81). The diagnosis of pneumonia using the who algorithm yielded a sensitivity of 69.6 % (95 % CI 55.7-80.8 %), specificity of 59.6 % (95 % CI 54.0-65.0 %), and positive and negative likelihood ratios of 1.73 (95 % CI 1.39-2.15) and 0.51 (95 % CI 0.30-0.76) when lung consolidation on point-of-care ultrasound was used as the reference. Conclusions The who algorithm disagreed with point-of-care ultrasound findings in more than one-third of children and had an overall low performance when compared with point-of-care ultrasound to identify lung consolidation. A paired approach with point-of-care ultrasound may improve case management in res

关键词： Point-of-care ultrasound who algorithm Pneumonia Case management

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Prognostic indicators in the World Health Organization's algorithm for seriously ill HIV-infected inpatients with suspected tuberculosis

引用

AIDS RESEARCH AND THERAPY 2018年第1期15卷 1-9页

作者： Griesel, Rulan Stewart, Annemie van der Plas, Helen Sikhondze, Welile Mendelson, Marc Maartens, Gary UCT Fac Hlth Sci Dept Med Div Clin Pharmacol Anzio Rd ZA-7925 Cape Town South Africa Univ Cape Town Dept Med Div Infect Dis & HIV Med Cape Town South Africa

Background: Criteria for the 2007 who algorithm for diagnosing tuberculosis among HIV-infected seriously ill patients are the presence of one or more danger signs (respiratory rate > 30/min, heart rate > 120/min, temperature > 39 degrees C, and being unable to walk unaided) and cough >= 14 days. Determining predictors of poor outcomes among HIV-infected inpatients presenting with who danger signs could result in improved treatment and diagnostic algorithms. Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of inpatients presenting with any duration of cough and who danger signs to two regional hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality up to 56 days post-discharge, and the secondary outcome a composite of any one of: hospital admission for > 7 days, died in hospital, transfer to a tertiary level or tuberculosis hospital. We first assessed the who danger signs as predictors of poor outcomes, then assessed the added value of other variables selected a priori for their ability to predict mortality in common respiratory opportunistic infections (CD4 count, body mass index (BMI), being on antiretroviral therapy (ART), hypotension, and confusion) by comparing the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) area under the curve (AUC) of the two multivariate models. Results: 484 participants were enrolled, median age 36, 66% women, 53% had tuberculosis confirmed on culture. The 56-day mortality was 13.2%. Inability to walk unaided, low BMI, low CD4 count, and being on ART were independently associated with poor outcomes. The multivariate model of the who danger signs showed a ROC AUC of 0.649 (95% CI 0.582-0.717) for predicting 56-day mortality, which improved to ROC AUC of 0.740 (95% CI 0.681-0.800;p = 0.004 for comparison between the two ROC AUCs) with the multivariate model including the a priori selected variables. Findings were similar in sub-analyses of participants with culture-positive tuberculosis and with cough duration >= 14 days

关键词： HIV Tuberculosis Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia Bacterial pneumonia Prognosis Mortality who algorithm

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Accuracy of syndromic management in targeting vaginal and cervical infections among symptomatic women of reproductive age attending primary care clinics in Dakar, Senegal

引用

TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH 2018年第5期23卷 541-548页

作者： Barry, Mamadou Saidou Diallo, Awa Ba Diadhiou, Mohamed Mall, Ibrahima Gassama, Omar Gueye, Mame Diarra Ndiaye Covi-Alavo, Serge Gawa, Epainete Fall, Amy Ndao Diallo, Aissatou Gaye Moreau, Jean Charles Labs SANOFI Afrique Subsaharienne Francophone Dakar Senegal CHU Aristide Dantec Lab Bacteriol Virol Dakar Senegal Ctr Reg Format Rech & Plaidoyer Sante Reprod Dakar Senegal

ObjectiveTo assess the effectiveness of the who syndromic algorithm in the management of vaginal discharge among women of reproductive age in Dakar. MethodsCross-sectional study of consecutive female patients (aged 18-49 years) presenting with vaginal symptoms at six selected study sites in Dakar;of these, 276 patients were included in the analysis. Vaginal and cervical swab samples were collected and analysed to establish an aetiological diagnosis of any infection. Syndrome-based diagnosis was compared with the laboratory results to evaluate its accuracy based on sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values. The degree of agreement between the two approaches was assessed using the Cohen's kappa concordance analysis. ResultsOverall prevalence of vaginal infections was 56.9% (157/276);5.4% (15/276) of the patients had cervical infection. Using the syndromic approach, 51% of patients were correctly managed for Trichomonas vaginalis (TV)/Gardnerella vaginalis (GV);61% for Candida albicans (CA) and 54% for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT)/Neisseria gonorrhoea (NG) infections. Consequently, 31% of patients with TV/GV, 51% with CA and 53% with CT/NG infections would have missed treatment. Further, the kappa value was <0.20, indicating that there was no agreement or only slight agreement between the syndromic approach and laboratory-based diagnosis. ConclusionThis study highlights the limitations of the applicability of the who syndromic approach in settings with low prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and calls for affordable and accurate rapid tests for STIs.

关键词： cervical infection vaginal discharge vaginal infection syndromic case management who algorithm

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Adverse events following immunization: is this time for the use of who causality assessment?

引用

EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES 2015年第5期14卷 625-627页

作者： Tafuri, Silvio Gallone, Maria Serena Calabrese, Giulia Germinario, Cinzia Aldo Moro Univ Bari Dept Biomed Sci & Human Oncol I-70124 Bari Italy

In recent years, public health authorities in industrialized countries have noted an increase in the numbers of parents choosing not to have their children vaccinated and in the activities of 'antivaccination' movements. Doubts about vaccine safety and lack of surveillance of adverse events following immunization (AEFI) are the most frequent themes proposed by antivaccination movements. This editorial aims to critically analyze the use of AEFI assessment procedures among national health authorities and public health researchers. In fact, the who recommended and published a systematic and standardized causality assessment process for serious AEFI, providing a method for individual causality assessment to be used by staff of national immunization programs, regulatory authorities and pharmacovigilance or surveillance departments. The last update was published in March 2013 but to date, an Internet search reveals no information or reports on AEFI surveillance that uses the who AEFI causality assessment.

关键词： adverse events following immunization causality assessment Fluad case postmarketing surveillance who algorithm

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Redefining the world health organization algorithm for diagnosis of pneumonia with simple additional markers

引用

INDIAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2008年第6期75卷 561-565页

作者： Savitha, M. R. Khanagavi, Jagadish B. Govt Med Coll Dept Pediat Mysore Karnataka India

Objectives. who to examine the value of additional markers like history of previous respiratory distress and response to bronchodilator (BD) to redefine these guidelines. Methods. Fifty (50) patients were analysed for presence of fever. Those who were febrile were put on antipyretic to look for resolution of tachypnea. Those who showed persistent tachypnea and those who were afebrile were analyzed for history of previous respiratory distress. Those who gave a positive history were challenged with BD. The association of persistent tachypnea and pulmonary infiltrates was recorded. Results. Persistence of tachypnea after BD therapy was associated with pulmonary infiltrate in 7/8(87.5%) whereas tachypnea persisted in 9/30 (30%) of those without infiltrates (p < 0.001). The proposed algorithm brings down the overuse of antibiotics from 78.9% to 26.3% (p < 0.001) and also brings down the underuse of bronchodilators from 78.9% to 21.1%(p < 0.001). Conclusion. Adding simple markers like history of previous respiratory distress and response to BD therapy to the existing who guidelines it is possible to reliably differentiate pneumonia from acute exacerbation of asthma.

关键词： pneumonia asthma who algorithm

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Abdominal Ultrasound for the Diagnosis of Tuberculosis Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Inpatients With World Health Organization Danger Signs

引用

OPEN FORUM INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2019年第4期6卷 ofz094页

作者： Griesel, Rulan Cohen, Karen Mendelson, Marc Maartens, Gary Univ Cape Town Div Clin Pharmacol Cape Town South Africa Univ Cape Town Div Infect Dis & HIV Med Dept Med Cape Town South Africa

Background. Studies of the value of abdominal ultrasound for diagnosing human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated tuberculosis have major limitations. Methods. We conducted a prospective study of HIV-positive inpatients with cough and World Health Organization danger signs. The reference standard was positive Mycobacterium tuberculosis culture from any site. Participants had at least 2 sputa and 1 blood specimen sent for mycobacterial cultures. Standardized data capture sheets were used for ultrasound reports. A blinded radiologist interpreted chest radiographs, categorized as "likely", "possible", and "unlikely" for HIV-associated tuberculosis. Results. We enrolled 377 participants: 249 women, median age 35 years, 201 with tuberculosis, and median CD4 count 75 cells/mu L. The following abdominal ultrasound findings independently predicted tuberculosis: lymph node long-axis >= 10 mm (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 4.76;95% confidence interval [CI], 2.41-9.38), splenic hypoechoic lesions (aOR, 3.45;95% CI, 1.91-6.24), and abdominal/pleural/pericardial effusions (aOR, 1.95;95% CI, 1.16-3.29). Presence of >= 1 of these 3 features had a sensitivity of 76.4% (95% CI, 69.8-82.3), a specificity of 68.6% (95% CI, 61.1-75.4), and a c-statistic of 0.784 (95% CI, 0.739-0.830). The sensitivity and specificity of chest radiograph assessed as likely tuberculosis was 55.2% (95% CI, 47.2-62.9) and 83.9% (95% CI, 77.0-89.4), respectively. Conclusions. Three features of tuberculosis on abdominal ultrasound independently predicted tuberculosis with moderate diagnostic performance in seriously ill HIV-positive inpatients. Abdominal ultrasound was more sensitive but less specific than chest radiograph for diagnosing tuberculosis in this patient population.

关键词： abdominal ultrasound HIV inpatients tuberculosis diagnosis who algorithm

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

C-reactive protein and procalcitonin to discriminate between tuberculosis, Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia, and bacterial pneumonia in HIV-infected inpatients meeting who criteria for seriously ill: a prospective cohort study

引用

BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES 2018年第1期18卷 399-399页

作者： Mendelson, Fiona Griesel, Rulan Tiffin, Nicki Rangaka, Molebogeng Boulle, Andrew Mendelson, Marc Maartens, Gary Univ Cape Town Sch Publ Hlth & Family Med Cape Town South Africa Univ Cape Town Div Clin Pharmacol Dept Med Cape Town South Africa Univ Cape Town Inst Infect Dis & Mol Med Ctr Infect Dis Res Initiat Cape Town South Africa UCL Inst Global Hlth Dept Infect & Populat Hlth London England Univ Cape Town Dept Med Cape Town South Africa Univ Cape Town Div Infect Dis & HIV Med Dept Med Cape Town South Africa

Background: Tuberculosis, bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) are the three commonest causes of hospitalisation in HIV-infected adults. Prompt diagnosis and treatment initiation are important to reduce morbidity and mortality, but are hampered by limited diagnostic resources in resource poor settings. C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin have shown diagnostic utility for respiratory tract infections, however few studies have focussed on their ability to distinguish between tuberculosis, CAP, and PJP in HIV-infected inpatients. Methods: We evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of CRP and procalcitonin, compared with composite reference standards, to discriminate between the three target infections in adult HIV-infected inpatients in two district level hospitals in Cape Town, South Africa. Participants were admitted with current cough and danger signs in accordance with the who algorithm for tuberculosis in seriously ill HIV-infected patients. Study clinicians were blinded to CRP and procalcitonin results. Results: Two hundred forty-eight participants met study case definitions: 133 with tuberculosis, 61 with CAP, 16 with PJP, and 38 with mixed infection. In the 210 particpants with single infections the differences in median CRP and procalcitonin concentrations between the three infections were statistically significant, but distributions overlapped considerably. CRP and procalcitonin concentrations were highest in the CAP group and lowest in the PJP group. CRP and procalcitonin cut-offs with sensitivities of >= 90% were found for all three target infection pairs, but corresponding specificities were low. Highest receiver operating characteristic areas under the curve for CRP and procalcitonin were for PJP versus tuberculosis and PJP versus CAP (0.68 and 0.71, and 0.74 and 0.69 respectively). Conclusions: CRP and procalcitonin showed limited value in discriminating between the three target infections due to widel

关键词： HIV Tuberculosis Bacterial community-acquired pneumonia Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia C-reactive protein Procalcitonin Diagnostic accuracy who algorithm

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：