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Semantic-Based web api Composition for Data Mashups

JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2015年第4期31卷 1233-1248页

作者： Lee, Yong-Ju Kyungpook Natl Univ Sch Comp Sci & Engn Taegu 702701 South Korea

With the growing popularity of data mashups, the number of web apis has increased significantly. As a result, finding and composing the right apis has become an increasingly complex task. Although several tools such as Yahoo's Pipes, IBM's Lotus Mashup, and Intel's Mashmaker have been developed to enable users to create data mashups without programming skills, there are several challenging issues when combining a large number of apis into the data mashup. This paper proposes novel algorithms for the automatic discovery and composition of web apis. Our discovery algorithm adopts strategies that rapidly prune apis that are guaranteed not to match the query. Our composition algorithm consists of constructing a composable similarity graph (CSG) and searching composition candidates. The CSG presents the semantic functional dependency between the inputs and the outputs of the web apis. Using this graph, we generate directed acyclic graphs (DAGs) that can produce the output satisfying the desired goal. We evaluate the algorithms on a real-world dataset from ***, and show that they can produce the results satisfying the user's desired output.

关键词： data mashup web api discovery composition ontology learning graph-based algorithm

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Trends in web apis Classification, Selection, and Composition

Trends in Web APIs Classification, Selection, and Compositio...

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IEEE International Conference on Electrical, Computer, and Energy Technologies (ICECET)

作者： Androcec, Darko Univ Zagreb Fac Org & Informat Varazhdin Croatia

ISBN: (纸本)9781665442312

The number of web services and web apis is still growing. Due to that, the manual selection and possible manual composition of the services is difficult, which is why the research of automatic classification, selection and composition of the services is still actual. This paper reviews recent research on this topic, with the goal of defining the main topics and directions of future research. From the set of 80 read recent conference and journal articles, 30 most relevant papers were singled out. A review of the literature shows that the greatest potential lies in the topic of new services and web apis (for example, Internet of Things services, machine and deep learning services and apis) and approaches to classify, select and compose these types of services. The mentioned services have many specific features, and there are still no things, machine or deep learning as a services specific approaches in the existing literature.

关键词： web service web api service selection service composition IoT service machine learning service deep learning service

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Towards Large-Scale Empirical Assessment of web apis Evolution 21st

Towards Large-Scale Empirical Assessment of Web APIs Evoluti...

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21st International Conference on web Engineering (ICWE)

作者： Di Lauro, Fabio Serbout, Souhaila Pautasso, Cesare USI Software Inst Lugano Switzerland

ISBN: (纸本)9783030742966;9783030742959

web Application Programming Interfaces (apis) decouple the internal implementation of a service from its consumers which can reuse and compose them to rapidly build new applications. Many web apis are described with the Openapi Specification (OAS). The goal of our research is to check the feasibility of using api descriptions found in public open source repositories to study how apis evolve over time. To do so, we collected a large dataset of OAS documents by crawling open source repositories, we parsed the corresponding metadata and measured the api size in order to extract a simple model to track the lifecycle of api artifacts and observe common evolution behaviors. Our preliminary results indicate that only a subset of the apis changes, but as opposed to the expectation that apis should only grow to maintain backward compatibility we also detected a number of apis with a more variable history. We also study the stability of api artifacts over time and whether apis are more or less likely to change as they age.

关键词： web api api evolution Openapi

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Tool report: EvoMaster-black and white box search-based fuzzing for REST, GraphQL and RPC apis

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AUTOMATED SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 2025年第1期32卷 1-11页

作者： Arcuri, Andrea Zhang, Man Seran, Susruthan Galeotti, Juan Pablo Golmohammadi, Amid Duman, Onur Aldasoro, Agustina Ghianni, Hernan Kristiania Univ Coll Sch Econ Innovat & Technol Kirkegata 24-26 N-0153 Oslo Norway Oslo Metropolitan Univ Dept Comp Sci Pilestredet 35 N-0166 Oslo Norway Beihang Univ Beijing Peoples R China Univ Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina

In this paper, we present the latest version 3.0.0 of EvoMaster, an open-source search-based fuzzer aimed at web apis. We discuss and present all its recent improvements, including advanced white-box heuristics, advanced search algorithms, support for databases and external services, as well as dealing with GraphQL and RPC apis besides the original use case for REST apis. The tool's installers have been downloaded more than 3000 times. EvoMaster is in daily use for fuzzing millions of lines of code in hundreds of apis in large Fortune 500 companies, such as for example the e-commerce Meituan.

关键词： Fuzzing SBST web api Tool

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web api Fragility: How Robust Is Your Mobile Application? 2

Web API Fragility: How Robust Is Your Mobile Application?

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Second ACM International Conference on Mobile Software Engineering and Systems MOBILESoft 2015

作者： Espinha, Tiago Zaidman, Andy Gross, Hans-Gerhard Delft Univ Technol NL-2600 AA Delft Netherlands Esslingen Univ Esslingen Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780769555669

web apis provide a systematic and extensible approach for application-to-application interaction. A large number of mobile applications makes use of web apis to integrate services into apps. Each web api's evolution pace is determined by their respective developer and mobile application developers are forced to accompany the api providers in their software evolution tasks. In this paper we investigate whether and how mobile application developers deal with the added distress of web apis evolving. In particular, we studied how robust 43 high profile mobile applications are when dealing with mutated web api responses. Additionally, we interviewed three mobile application developers to better understand their choices and trade-offs regarding web api integration.

关键词： mobile mutation analysis software evolution web api

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Advanced White-Box Heuristics for Search-Based Fuzzing of REST apis

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ACM TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND METHODOLOGY 2024年第6期33卷 1-36页

作者： Arcuri, Andrea Zhang, Man Pablo Galeotti, Juan Kristiania Univ Coll Kirkegata 24-26 N-0153 Oslo Norway Oslo Metropolitan Univ Kirkegata 24-26 N-0153 Oslo Norway Beihang Univ 37 Xueyuan Rd Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Univ Buenos Aires CONICET Ciudad UnivC1428EGA Buenos Aires DF Argentina Kristiania Univ Coll Pabellon Cero Infinito Ciudad UnivC1428EGA Buenos Aires DF Argentina

Due to its importance and widespread use in industry, automated testing of REST apis has attracted major interest from the research community in the last few years. However, most of the work in the literature has been focused on black-box fuzzing. Although existing fuzzers have been used to automatically find many faults in existing apis, there are still several open research challenges that hinder the achievement of better results (e.g., in terms of code coverage and fault finding). For example, under-specified schemas are a major issue for black-box fuzzers. Currently, EvoMaster is the only existing tool that supports white-box fuzzing of REST apis. In this paper, we provide a series of novel white-box heuristics, including for example how to deal with under-specified constrains in api schemas, as well as under-specified schemas in SQL databases. Our novel techniques are implemented as an extension to our open-source, search-based fuzzer EvoMaster. An empirical study on 14 apis from the EMB corpus, plus one industrial api, shows clear improvements of the results in some of these apis.

关键词： SBST fuzzing REST web api Openapi schema SQL

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Validation of inter-parameter dependencies in api gateways

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COMPUTER STANDARDS & INTERFACES 2025年 94卷

作者： Barakat, Saman Segura, Sergio Univ Seville I3US Inst SCORE Lab Avd Reina Mercedes Seville 41012 Spain

web apis usually include inter-parameter dependencies that constrain how input parameters can be combined to form valid calls to the services. api calls often violate these dependencies, resulting in unnecessary message exchanges, wasted time, and quota usage. Additionally, services may fail to adequately validate whether input requests meet these dependencies, causing critical failures or generating uninformative error messages. In this article, we propose extending api gateways to detect and explain inter-parameter dependency violations. We leverage the Inter-parameter Dependency Language (IDL) for specifying dependencies between input parameters in web apis, and IDLReasoner, a constraint-based IDL analysis engine. We implemented our approach into a prototype tool, IDLFilter, on top of Spring Cloud Gateway. Evaluation results with 12 industrial api operations and about 30K automatically and manually generated api calls show that our approach effectively blocks invalid calls due to dependency violations, providing informative error messages and minimizing potential input validation failures. IDLFilter introduces a small 7% overhead when processing valid api calls, while reducing the response time of requests violating dependencies by 59%.

关键词： web api REST Openapi specification Gateways

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Rapido: A Sketching Tool for web api Designers 24

Rapido: A Sketching Tool for Web API Designers

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24th International Conference on World Wide web (WWW)

作者： Mitra, Ronnie CA Technol API Design Hyderabad Telangana India

ISBN: (纸本)9781450334730

Well-designed web apis must provide high levels of usability and must "get it right" on the first release. One strategy for accomplishing this feat is to identify usability issues early in the design process before a public release. Sketching is a useful way of improving the user experience early in the design phase. Designers can create many sketches and learn from them. The Rapido tool is designed to automate the web api sketching process and help designers improve usability in an iterative fashion.

关键词： api design sketching REST web api usability

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Multi-Factor web api Security for Securing Mobile Cloud 12

Multi-Factor Web API Security for Securing Mobile Cloud

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12th International Conference on Fuzzy Systems and Knowledge Discovery (FSKD)

作者： Tang, Longji Ouyang, Liubo Tsai, Wei-Tek Hunan Univ Coll Comp Sci & Elect Engn Changsha Hunan Peoples R China Arizona State Univ Dept Comp Sci & Engn Tempe AZ 85287 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467376822

Mobile Cloud Computing is gaining more popularity in both mobile users and enterprises. With mobile-first becoming enterprise IT strategy and more enterprises exposing their business services to mobile cloud through web api, the security of mobile cloud computing becomes a main concern and key successful factor as well. This paper shows the security challenges of mobile cloud computing and defines an end-to-end secure mobile cloud computing reference architecture. Then it shows web api security is a key to the end-to-end security stack and specifies traditional api security mechanism and two multifactor web api security strategy and mechanism. Finally, it compares the security features provided by ten api gateway providers.

关键词： mobile cloud security mechanism web api end-to-end

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On the Fly SPARQL Execution for Structured Non-RDF web apis 16

On the Fly SPARQL Execution for Structured Non-RDF Web APIs

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16th International Conference on web Information Systems and Technologies (webIST)

作者： Spieldenner, Torsten German Res Ctr Artificial Intelligence DFKI Saarbrucken Grad Sch Comp Sci Saarland Informat Campus 3 2 D-66123 Saarbrucken Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9789897584787

The concept of the Semantic web, built around the idea of semantically described Linked Data and the data model of the Resource Description Framework (RDF), has become a prominent idea of seamless access to, and integration of, data. The number of tools to translate from non-RDF to RDF-representation of data has since then been ever increasing. However, to this day, numerous web apis do offer time critical data only in non-RDF-formats. Examples for this are traffic and public transport live data. Due to its nature, an offline data dump, as mostly generated by RDF lifting translation tools, is not practical, as it becomes inconsistent with the original data quickly. In this paper, we for this present an approach, that, published as a microservice, allows to send semantic queries against the legacy web interfaces directly, and return the result in RDF. The service api follows the SPARQL 1.1 Query api specification, and also supports federated queries over distributed endpoints, allowing an easy and accessible way for semantically enriched data integration over legacy endpoints.

关键词： Linked Data Semantic web Resource Description Framework RDF SPARQL web api Structured Data

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