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3rd IEEE Delhi Section Flagship Conference, DELCON 2024

作者： Verma, Ishaan Wason, Ritika Arora, Parul Dept. of Computer Science and Applications Delhi India

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518592

This manuscript specifies the development of TEST-web an automated testing tool projected to evolve the efficacy and reliability of web application testing process. Using the Selenium webDriver and the TestNG framework, TEST-web restructures the testing process by automating repetitive and comprehensive testing in large organizations. The tool generates detailed reports, providing valued visions into application performance and functionality. TEST-web development follows an iterative approach, beginning with prototype development and then expanding functionality through user feedback. This work aims to achieve a user-friendly and robust solution for enhancing the accuracy, speed, and reliability of web application testing processes. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Automated testing Tool Software testing TestNG web application testing

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Investigating the robustness of locators in template-based web application testing using a GUI change classification model

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JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE 2024年 210卷

作者： De Luca, Marco Fasolino, Anna Rita Tramontana, Porfirio Univ Naples Federico II Dept Elect Engn & Informat Technol DIETI Via Claudio 21 I-80125 Naples Italy

GUI -based test -cases generated by Capture and Replay tools suffer from the well-known fragility problem: they may break even if small layout changes are operated in a web application, without modifying the app functionality. An approach based on the automatic injection of HTML tag attributes named hooks in the source code of web templates has been recently proposed to solve this problem. Such hooks allow the unique identification of GUI items to be located during test case execution. This technique showed its effectiveness in a preliminary validation study, where it allowed to significantly reduce the number of test case locator breakages in regression testing of student -made web applications. This paper presents a further validation study where we compared the robustness of hook -based test cases against state-of-the-art and state -of -thepractice techniques for locating GUI objects. We proposed a three dimensional model for classifying different types of layout changes and used it to define a benchmark of realistic changes. Thanks to the model, we systematically compared the robustness of test cases generated by different techniques with respect to specific types of changes and studied the relationship between fragility issues and types of changes in different test case generation techniques.

关键词： Capture & Replay GUI-based testing Regression testing web application testing E2E testing Locators robustness GUI change classification

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Automated web application testing driven by pre-recorded test cases

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JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE 2022年 193卷

作者： Sunman, Nezih Soydan, Yigit Sozer, Hasan Siemens AS Corparate Technol Istanbul Turkey Ozyegin Univ Istanbul Turkey

There are fully automated approaches proposed for web application testing. These approaches mainly rely on tools that explore an application by crawling it. The crawling process results in a state transition model, which is used for generating test cases. Although these approaches are fully automated, they consume too much time and they usually require manual configuration. This is due to the lack of insight and domain knowledge of crawling tools regarding the application under test. We propose a semi-automated approach instead. We introduce a tool that takes a set of recorded event sequences as input. These sequences can be captured during exploratory tests. They are replayed as pre-recorded test cases. They are also exploited for steering the crawling and test case generation process. We performed a case study with 5 web applications. These applications were randomly tested with state-of-the-art tools. Our approach can reduce the crawling time by hours, while compromising the coverage achieved by 0.2% to 7.43%. In addition, our tool does not require manual configuration before crawling. The input for the tool was created within 15 min of exploratory testing. (c) 2022 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： web application testing Model-based testing Test case generation Test automation Exploratory testing

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Automating web application testing from the Ground Up: Experiences and Lessons Learned in an Industrial Setting 11

Automating Web Application Testing from the Ground Up: Exper...

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11th IEEE International Conference on Software testing, Verification and Validation (ICST)

作者： Debroy, Vidroha Brimble, Lance Yost, Matthew Erry, Archana Varidesk Inc Dallas TX 75202 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781538650127

Automating web application testing is a very tricky process due to inherent complexity, dynamic behavior(s) in web pages, differences in the way browsers render the same content (especially on different form factors), and so on. Yet manual testing is not a practical option, and such automation is a must in the interests of effectiveness and efficiency, because of the large number of browsers/devices that users can choose from, and also given the rapid software development cycles of today. This paper discusses our efforts at Varidesk to automate web tests against our main website - which offers many features and content, but is also a true eCommerce site where users from around the globe can purchase a very broad variety of active workspace solutions that we offer. Our solution was developed in-house, from the ground up, and leveraged and extended freely available automation and test libraries such as Selenium webDriver and NUnit respectively. We talk about the challenges we faced and how we overcame them, as well as provide technical insights on real-world concerns such as managing test brittleness, and integrating the web tests into an existing Continuous Integration and Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) pipeline. Part of the novelty of this paper is that we are also transparent on the rationale behind our decision to build versus buy, and how we managed resources, especially in terms of cost. We also present lessons learned, and encouraged by the success that we have observed, hope that the results will be beneficial to academia and practitioners alike.

关键词： web testing web application testing automation industry experience

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Using Semantic Similarity in Crawling-based web application testing 10

Using Semantic Similarity in Crawling-based Web Application ...

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10th IEEE International Conference on Software testing, Verification and Validation (ICSTW)

作者： Lin, Jun-Wei Wang, Farn Chu, Paul Univ Calif Irvine Dept Informat Irvine CA 92697 USA Natl Taiwan Univ Dept Elect Engn Taipei Taiwan QNAP Inc New Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781509060313

To automatically test web applications, crawling based techniques are usually adopted to mine the behavior models, explore the state spaces or detect the violated invariants of the applications. However, their broad use is limited by the required manual configurations for input value selection, GUI state comparison and clickable detection. In existing crawlers, the configurations are usually string-matching based rules looking for tags or attributes of DOM elements, and often application-specific. Moreover, in input topic identification, it can be difficult to determine which rule suggests a better match when several rules match an input field to more than one topic. This paper presents a natural-language approach based on semantic similarity to address the above issues. The proposed approach represents DOM elements as vectors in a vector space formed by the words used in the elements. The topics of encountered input fields during crawling can then be inferred by their similarities with ones in a labeled corpus. Semantic similarity can also be applied to suggest if a GUI state is newly discovered and a DOM element is clickable under an unsupervised learning paradigm. We evaluated the proposed approach in input topic identification with 100 real-world forms and GUI state comparison with real data from industry. Our evaluation shows that the proposed approach has comparable or better performance to the conventional techniques. Experiments in input topic identification also show that the accuracy of the rule-based approach can be improved by up to 22% when integrated with our approach.

关键词： web application testing semantic similarity GUI testing

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Test case prioritisation during web application testing

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTER applicationS IN TECHNOLOGY 2017年第3期56卷 230-243页

作者： Khanna, Munish Chauhan, Naresh Sharma, Dilip Kumar Toofani, Abhishek YMCA Univ Sci & Technol Dept Comp Engn Faridabad Haryana India GLA Univ Dept Comp Engn & Applicat Mathura Uttar Pradesh India Hindustan Coll Sci & Technol Dept Comp Sci & Engn Mathura Uttar Pradesh India

Owing to frequent alterations in the existing web applications, performing regression testing becomes necessary for the identification and rectification of the newly generated unwanted faults. Owing to various resource constraints, test case prioritisation is one of the strategies followed, rather than running test cases blindly. This paper proposes a novel approach towards prioritisation of test cases during regression testing of web application (dynamic website) using Bayesian network. Initially, a Bayesian network is formed using various parameters which affect the success of a test case as well as promote testing of more crucial sections of the web application. Thereafter, the conditional probability table and probabilistic inference algorithms are applied to evaluate the success probability and ultimately priority (importance) of a test case. Execution of the test cases takes place on the basis of their respective priority. The performance of proposed technique is compared with existing work, 2-opt inspired heuristic algorithm and genetic algorithm.

关键词： test case prioritisation Bayesian belief network regression testing web application testing

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A Comparative Study of web application testing and Mobile application testing 1

A Comparative Study of Web Application Testing and Mobile Ap...

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1st International Conference on Communication and Computer Engineering (ICOCOE)

作者： Ahmed, Maryam Ibrahim, Rosziati Univ Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia UTHM Comp Sci & Informt Technol Batu Pahat 86400 Johor Malaysia

ISBN: (纸本)9783319076744;9783319076737

web application have gained increased acceptance over the years in companies and organization as the world move to a global village. Software developers have also grown interest in developing web applications compared to stand-alone application because of the immense benefits it offers such as ubiquity, platform dependence, low cost of support and maintenance, better speed and performance, piracy proof etc. As mobile application emerged in the last decade, attention has been focused on mobile applications by organizations and businesses in order to maximize their profits as much as possible. There has been a rapid increase of software release in the mobile applications store. As the growth of both web application and mobile application increase, the question of quality assurance remains a concern. A comparative study of software testing techniques can be performed to improve the standard of testing of both web and mobile application. This paper therefore reviews the similarity and difference in the testing mechanism.

关键词： Software testing Mobile application testing web application testing Mobile applications web applications

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Intelligent web application Systems testing through Value Based Test Case Prioritization

Intelligent Web Application Systems Testing through Value Ba...

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23rd International Conference on Systems Engineering

作者： Rauf, Abdul AlSalem, Adel Ibrahim Al Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic Univ IMSIU Coll Comp & Informat Sci Riyadh Saudi Arabia

ISBN: (纸本)9783319084213

websites entail some exclusively novel challenges in this era of software quality focus. This sequence of fresh issues associated exclusively with website applications can be considered as an opportunity as well as a greater challenge to have a complete automated testing of websites. Despite the continuous research in the web application testing domain, further work is needed to quantitatively analyze the testing results especially with respect to obtaining the statistics such as the efficiency and coverage of the test cases, value of test suite with respect to coverage and efficiency and distribution of the fault reasons. Using artificial intelligence techniques, a complete framework has been proposed to address the above mentioned challenges. This research effort presents the preliminary results of this effort. The proposed framework would provide the facilities to cover analyze web based on the web modeling, test case generation, test suite optimization and related tool development. This research effort is a part of framework project and tries to determine the effect of introduction of 'value' factor in evolutionary testing. © Springer International Publishing Switzerland 2015.

关键词： Automated Test Case Generation (TCG) Search based Software testing (SBST) Test Case Optimization Value based Software Engineering (VBSE) web application Modeling web application testing

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On Effectiveness and Efficiency of Gamified Exploratory GUI testing

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 2024年第2期50卷 322-337页

作者： Coppola, Riccardo Fulcini, Tommaso Ardito, Luca Torchiano, Marco Alegroth, Emil Polytech Univ Turin Dept Control & Comp Engn I-10129 Turin Italy Blekinge Inst Technol SE-37179 Karlskrona Sweden

Context: Gamification appears to improve enjoyment and quality of execution of software engineering activities, including software testing. Though commonly employed in industry, manual exploratory testing of web application GUIs was proven to be mundane and expensive. Gamification applied to that kind of testing activity has the potential to overcome its limitations, though no empirical research has explored this area yet. Goal: Collect preliminary insights on how gamification, when performed by novice testers, affects the effectiveness, efficiency, test case realism, and user experience in exploratory testing of web applications. Method: Common gamification features augment an existing exploratory testing tool: Final Score with Leaderboard, Injected Bugs, Progress Bar, and Exploration Highlights. The original tool and the gamified version are then compared in an experiment involving 144 participants. User experience is elicited using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) questionnaire instrument. Results: Statistical analysis identified several significant differences for metrics that represent the effectiveness and efficiency of tests showing an improvement in coverage when they were developed with gamification. Additionally, user experience is improved with gamification. Conclusions: Gamification of exploratory testing has a tangible effect on how testers create test cases for web applications. While the results are mixed, the effects are most beneficial and interesting and warrant more research in the future. Further research shall be aimed at confirming the presented results in the context of state-of-the-art testing tools and real-world development environments.

关键词： Software testing web application testing gamification

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Mutation testing and Its Analysis on web applications for Defect Prevention and Performance Improvement

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF E-COLLABORATION 2021年第1期17卷 71-88页

作者： Mallika, Suguna S. Lakshmi, Rajya D. CVR Coll Engn Dept Comp Sci & Engn Hyderabad India Jawaharlal Nehru Technol Univ Hyderabad India Jawaharlal Nehru Technol Univ Univ Coll Engn Kakinadas Constituent Coll JNTU UCEN Narasaraopet India

The society's increasing reliance on web applications with the growing online market and digitization of almost every service, there is an increasing demand for better reliability, security, and interoperability of web applications. testing becomes an integral part of improving this reliability on web applications. Despite the innumerable number of tools, techniques, methods for testing web applications, there is still scope for expansion in the code coverage of web applications. Mutation testing with its expansive potential to expose vulnerabilities of web applications took a backseat owing to its exhaustive testing cycles. Some mutation operators related to security, performance, and other non-functional attributes of web applications are presented in the current work. In the current work, a thorough analysis of various mutations operators proposed by authors towards the non-existent operators thus far is presented. An augment of 47% of operators occurred in the present work. A concise discussion on the scope of work future direction of work is presented.

关键词： Automated testing Mutation Operators Mutation testing Security testing web application testing

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