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web engineering at the Frontier of the web 2.0: Design Patterns for Online 3D Shared Spaces

WORLD WIDE web-INTERNET AND web INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2009年第4期12卷 345-379页

作者： Di Blas, Nicoletta Garzotto, Franca Poggi, Caterina Politecn Milan Dept Elect & Informat HOC Lab I-20133 Milan Italy Univ Wisconsin Coll Educ Dept Curriculum & Instruct Madison WI 53706 USA

Online 3D Shared Spaces (3DSSs) can be regarded as a frontier of the web 2.0, where users as participants contribute to create a meaningful, engaging experience. Like other complex web applications, the development and evolution of high-quality 3DSS applications requires methodological support-through models, methods, and principles. Yet, the application of structured, engineered approaches to this domain is largely unexplored. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to bridging web engineering to the 3DSS world by means of design patterns. We present five patterns that focus on two factors deemed necessary for effective experiences in a 3DSS: Presence (i.e. the feeling of "being there", typical of "virtual worlds") and Long-Term Engagement (typical of successful web 2.0 communities). The patterns presented in the paper distil our large-scale experiences with 3DSSs (that have involved so far over 9,000 youngsters from 3 continents) and are discussed in the light of existing literature.

关键词： web 2.0 multiuser 3D shared space virtual world web engineering design design pattern user experience presence engagement enjoyment

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web engineering: New discipline, new educational challenges

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Information Services and Use 2000年第2-3期20卷 95-108页

作者： Retalis, S. Psaromiligkos, Y. Avgeriou, P. Department of Computer Science University of Cyprus P.O. Box 20537 Nicosia Cyprus General Department of Mathematics Technol. Educ. Institute of Piraeus Piraeus Greece Software Engineering Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering Natl. Technical University of Athens Athens Greece

The WWW has turned into a development and run-time environment for large-scale and complex applications. Such sophisticated applications are being deployed in increasing numbers without having been developed according to appropriate methodologies and quality standards. The main reason for this ad hoc development philosophy is the lack of specialised training/education on the web engineering subject domain. This domain/discipline is new, still immature and has recently started getting the attention of researchers, developers, and other major players in the web-based application development market and training market. There is now justifiable and increasing concern about the manner in which students and lifelong learners are well educated and trained in this new discipline. It's also only one year ago that few universities have started providing special courses on this discipline and offer seminars to lifelong learners. The Department of Electrical and Computer engineering at National Technical University of Athens (NTUA) decided to tackle the didactic need on this subject field, by offering to its postgraduate students one semester course called "Internet Publishing". In this paper an overview of the course, its web-enriched delivery method as well as the quantitative and qualitative results extracted after an evaluation study which occurred during the autumn semester 1999-2000, are presented.

关键词： web engineering evaluation results web-based courseware

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Towards efficient web engineering approaches through flexible process models

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JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE 2007年第8期80卷 1375-1389页

作者： Diaz, Paloma Aedo, Ignacio Univ Carlos III Madrid Lab DEI Dept Informat Madrid 28911 Spain

After more than a decade of web developments and some deafening fiascos, it has become clear that it is not possible to face the development of large scale web systems without following a systematic and well-defined process to guarantee quality, measurability, maintainability and reusability. There are a number of hypermedia/web engineering methods that provide mechanisms to specify the product requirements, including those concerning structure, navigation, interaction, presentation and access. But apart from product requirements there are also process requirements which in the web arena are constantly changing. Hence, to be put in practice without disturbing the project goals nor compromising its success, methods have to rely on empirical and flexible process models that can be easily adapted to fit process requirements. Little attention has been paid to the process model in most hypermedia/web methods which usually apply a classical iterative process based on the use of prototypes that are tested with users. In this paper we describe how we did apply the ADM web engineering method following a flexible star life cycle in the context of a specific web project highlighting the main benefits of this approach. In particular we will describe the different cycles applied in the ARCE project, illustrating the application of a usability engineering life cycle in a real case. (C) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： web engineering model-driven development user-centered development user interfaces access modelling

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web engineering in Internet degrees

Web engineering in Internet degrees

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2nd International Conference Information Technology - Research and Education (ITRE 2004)

作者： Griffiths, G Lockyer, MA Oates, BJ Hebbron, BD Univ Teesside Sch Comp Middlesbrough Cleveland England

ISBN: (纸本)0780386256

In this paper we outline the development of Internet-related modules and degree routes at Teesside. We focus on the web engineering module, explaining how we make the case for engineering web systems, and survey web methods and techniques. We introduce the method we have developed: The Simple web Method (SWM, pronounced 'swim'), and describe it in use. We discuss student evaluation and tool use.

关键词： web engineering internet education

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The treatment of navigation in web engineering

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ADVANCES IN engineering SOFTWARE 2007年第4期38卷 267-282页

作者： Escalona, M. J. Torres, J. Mejias, M. Gutierrez, J. J. Villadiego, D. Univ Seville Dept Comp Languages & Syst Seville Spain

This paper aims at giving a global vision of the most popular web engineering approach. web systems have woken up a high interest in companies and in the research community in the last years. Thus, techniques and methods are being proposed in order to offer a suitable framework to deal with the special characteristics of the web. For these reasons, some years ago a new line in the software engineering appeared. This line, then named web engineering, has grown in the last years, proving that web systems have special characteristics that require a special treatment. One of the most treated characteristic is the navigation. Navigation is a critical aspect in web systems and its suitable development in the life cycle is a basic need to guarantee the project quality. This survey shows how navigation is treated in 15 web proposals, which are the most referenced ones, and it analyses the available techniques, models and the possible gaps in the treatment. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： software engineering web engineering navigation treatment tools

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Agile, web engineering and Capability Maturity Model Integration: A systematic literature review.

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INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY 2016年 71卷 92-107页

作者： Torrecilla-Salinas, C. J. Sedeno, J. Escalona, M. J. Mejias, M. Univ Seville Dept Comp Languages & Syst Seville Spain Agencia Andaluza Inst Culturales Junta De Andalucia Spain

Context: Agile approaches are an alternative for organizations developing software, particularly for those who develop web applications. Besides, CMMI (Capability Maturity Model Integration) models are well-established approaches focused on assessing the maturity of an organization that develops software. web engineering is the field of Software engineering responsible for analyzing and studying the specific characteristics of the web. The suitability of an Agile approach to help organizations reach a certain CMMI maturity level in web environments will be very interesting, as they will be able to keep the ability to quickly react and adapt to changes as long as their development processes get mature. Objective: This paper responds to whether it is feasible or not, for an organization developing web systems, to achieve a certain maturity level of the CMMI-DEV model using Agile methods. Method: The proposal is analyzed by means of a systematic literature review of the relevant approaches in the field, defining a characterization schema in order to compare them to introduce the current state-of-the-art. Results: The results achieved after the systematic literature review are presented, analyzed and compared against the defined schema, extracting relevant conclusions for the different dimensions of the problem: compatibility, compliance, experience, maturity and web. Conclusion: It is concluded that although the definition of an Agile approach to meet the different CMMI maturity levels goals could be possible for an organization developing web systems, there is still a lack of detailed studies and analysis on the field. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Agile Scrum web engineering CMMI Software engineering

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Mockup-Driven Development: Providing agile support for Model-Driven web engineering

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INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY 2014年第6期56卷 670-687页

作者： Matias Rivero, Jose Grigera, Julian Rossi, Gustavo Robles Luna, Esteban Montero, Francisco Gaedke, Martin UNLP Fac Informat LIFIA La Plata Buenos Aires Argentina Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn Res Inst RA-1033 Buenos Aires DF Argentina CIC Res Inst Buenos Aires DF Argentina UCLM LoUISE Res Grp Albacete Spain Tech Univ Chemnitz Chemnitz Germany

Context: Agile software development approaches are currently becoming the industry standard for web Application development. On the other hand, Model-Driven web engineering (MDWE) methodologies are known to improve productivity when building this kind of applications. However, current MDWE methodologies tend to ignore important aspects of web Applications development supported by agile processes, such as constant customer feedback or early design of user interfaces. Objective: In this paper we analyze the difficulties of supporting agile features in MDWE methodologies. Then, we propose an approach that eases the incorporation of well-known agile practices to MDWE. Method: We propose using User Interface prototypes (usually known as mockups) as a way to start the modeling process in the context of a mixed agile-MDWE process. To assist this process, we defined a lightweight metamodel that allows modeling features over mockups, interacting with end-users and generating MDWE models. Then, we conducted a statistical evaluation of both approaches (traditional vs. mockup-based modeling). Results: First we comment on how agile features can be added to MDWE processes using mockups. Then, we show by means of a quantitative study that the proposed approach is faster, less error-prone and still as complete as traditional MDWE processes. Conclusion: The use of mockups to guide the MDWE process helps in the reduction of the development cycle as well as in the incorporation of agile practices in the model-driven workflow. Complete MDWE models can be built and generated by using lightweight modeling over User Interface mockups, and this process suggests being more efficient, in terms of errors and effort, than traditional modeling in MDWE. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Mockups User-Interface Agile web engineering MDD

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DaVinci - A Model-driven web engineering Framework

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF web INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2006年第2期2卷 119-132页

作者： Langegger, A. Palkoska, J. Wagner, R. Johannes Kepler Univ Linz Inst Appl Knowledge Proc FAW Linz Austria

The World Wide web has undergone a rapid transition from the originally static hypertext to an ubiquitous hypermedia system. Today, the web is not only used as a basis for distributed applications (web applications), moreover it serves as a generic architecture for autonomous applications and services. Many research work has been done regarding the modeling and engineering process of web applications and various platforms, frameworks and development kits exist for the efficient implementation of such systems. Concerning the modeling process, many of the published concepts try to merge traditional hypermedia modeling with techniques from the software engineering domain. Unfortunately, those concepts which capture all facets of the web's architecture become rather bulky and are eventually not applicable for a model-driven web application development. Moreover, there is a need for frameworks which address both, the modeling process and the implementation task and allow a model-driven, semi-automatic engineering process using CASE tools. This paper outlines the DaVinci web engineering Framework which supports the modeling as well as the semi-automated implementation of web applications. The DaVinci Architectural Layer specifies a persistent, hierarchical GUI model and a generic interaction scheme. This allows the elimination of the hypermedia paradigm, which turned out to be rather practical when building web applications.

关键词： web engineering web application framework model-driven web development web application modeling

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A semantic web enabled approach to reuse functional requirements models in web engineering

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AUTOMATED SOFTWARE engineering 2015年第2期22卷 241-288页

作者： Paydar, Samad Kahani, Mohsen Ferdowsi Univ Mashhad Dept Comp Engn Web Technol Lab Mashhad Iran

web engineering has emerged as a new software discipline to specifically address the challenges and complexities of developing high quality web applications. A main theme in different web engineering methodologies is to employ model driven development approaches. This increases the level of abstraction and formalism to the extent that machines can better involve in the development process and provide more automation, e.g. automatic code generation from the models. Despite their benefits, a main problem of these model-driven methodologies is that developing each new web application implies creating a probably large number of models from scratch. Hence, model reuse can be considered as the main solution to this problem. In this paper, a semantic web enabled approach is proposed for reusing models, specifically functional requirements models. It takes the brief description of the functional requirements of a new web application in terms of UML use case diagram, and semi-automatically generates the draft of the corresponding detailed description in terms of a set of UML activity diagrams. This is performed by utilizing a repository which contains semantic representation of the models of the previous web applications. The proposed approach is based on novel algorithms for annotating activity diagrams, measuring similarity of use cases, and adapting activity diagrams. The experimental evaluations demonstrate that the proposed approach is promising, and it has good precision and effectiveness.

关键词： web engineering Semantic web Annotation Adaptation Use case similarity Reuse

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Model-driven component adaptation in the context of web engineering

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2007年第4期16卷 448-459页

作者： Moreno Vergara, Nathalie Troya Linero, Jose M. Vallecillo Moreno, Antonio Univ Malaga Dpto Lenguajes & Ciencias Computac ETSI Informat E-29071 Malaga Spain

Currently, web-based applications are no longer monolithic and isolated systems but, rather, distributed applications that need to interoperate with third-party systems, such as external web services, LDAP repositories or legacy applications. When one component provides a service that the web application requires, it is often not possible to bind the two systems together if they were not programmed to have compatible collaboration specifications. Modeling the adaptation between a web application and external assets becomes therefore an essential issue in any realistic model-driven development scenario. However, most of the existing web engineering proposals do not take this issue into account, or they simply address it at the implementation level (in a platform-specific way). In this work, we discuss the problems involved in dealing with component adaptation within the context of Model-Driven web engineering and show how design patterns can help addressing it. We first identify the major interoperability problems that can happen when integrating third-party application or legacy systems into our web systems, and then propose the mechanisms that need to be put in place at the design level to generate the appropriate specification of adapters that compensate for the possible mismatches and differences. We base our proposal on well-known design patterns as they are established solutions to recurring problems, and the generation of code from them is normally straightforward. European Journal of Information Systems (2007) 16, 448-459. doi:10.1057/***.3000691

关键词： model-driven development web engineering interoperability adaptation patterns

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