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IEEE 2nd International Conference on Computer Communication and Artificial Intelligence (CCAI)

作者： Xu, Fulong Lu, Hede Civil Aviat Flight Univ China Coll Air Traff Management Guanghan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781665496636

wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSANs) include not only sensor nodes, but also actuator nodes. Since actuators' capabilities such as moving, communication and event handling require much more energy than sensors, both actuators and sensors are affected by energy and make WSANs encounter serious energy constraints. Although many energy replenishment studies have been proposed for wireless sensor networks (WSNs), they cannot work well in WSANs. To solve the energy replenishment problem of WSANs, we first analyze the characteristics in WSANs, and then present an actuator energy guaranteed mobile charging scheme (AEG) for WSANs. AEG evaluates the actuator failure risk in the network, and provides charging service for actuators exclusively when there exists an actuator failure risk. Moreover, under the condition that energy safety of actuators is guaranteed, AEG replenishes energy for sensors preferentially, which could avoid sensor failures as much as possible. We evaluate the performance of AEG by simulation, and the results indicate that AEG could reduce sensor failures and achieve lower average charging delay than existing schemes on the basis of ensuring no actuator failure.

关键词： wireless sensor and actuator networks energy guarantee actuator failure risk

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A novel air quality monitoring and improvement system based on wireless sensor and actuator networks using LoRa communication

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PEERJ COMPUTER SCIENCE 2021年 7卷 e711页

作者： Van Truong, Truong Nayyar, Anand Masud, Mehedi Duy Tan Univ Fac Elect Elect Engn Da Nang Vietnam Duy Tan Univ Inst Res & Dev Da Nang Vietnam Grad Sch Da Nang Vietnam Duy Tan Univ Fac Informat Technol Da Nang Vietnam Taif Univ Coll Comp & Informat Technol Dept Comp Sci At Taif Saudi Arabia

In this paper, we study the air quality monitoring and improvement system based on wireless sensor and actuator network using LoRa communication. The proposed system is divided into two parts, indoor cluster and outdoor cluster, managed by a Dragino LoRa gateway. Each indoor sensor node can receive information about the temperature, humidity, air quality, dust concentration in the air and transmit them to the gateway. The outdoor sensor nodes have the same functionality, add the ability to use solar power, and are waterproof. The full-duplex relay LoRa modules which are embedded FreeRTOS are arranged to forward information from the nodes they manage to the gateway via uplink LoRa. The gateway collects and processes all of the system information and makes decisions to control the actuator to improve the air quality through the downlink LoRa. We build data management and analysis online software based on The Things Network and TagoIO platform. The system can operate with a coverage of 8.5 km, where optimal distances are established between sensor nodes and relay nodes and between relay nodes and gateways at 4.5 km and 4 km, respectively. Experimental results observed that the packet loss rate in real-time is less than 0.1% prove the effectiveness of the proposed system.

关键词： wireless sensor and actuator networks Air monitoring and improvement system LoRa/LoRaWAN communication The Things Network TagoIO FreeRTOS

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Joint Optimization of Control and Resource Management for wireless sensor and actuator networks

Joint Optimization of Control and Resource Management for Wi...

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IEEE wireless Communications and Networking Conference (IEEE WCNC)

作者： Wang, Zhuwei Guo, Yuehui Sun, Yang Fang, Chao Wu, Wenjun Beijing Univ Technol Fac Informat Technol Beijing 100124 Peoples R China Beijing Univ Technol Beijing Lab Adv Informat Networks Beijing Peoples R China Purple Mt Lab Networking Commun & Secur Nanjing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728131061

wireless sensor actuator network (WSAN) emerges as a potential technology with the capacities of self-organizing communication and feedback control. In this paper, we present a novel collaborative optimization algorithm of plant control and system cost toward WSANs taking time delay into account. First, the WSAN model is formulated as a linear system with multi-path network structure. In order to provide effective control and reduce the usage of system resource, the quadratic cost function is introduced as the collaborative optimization problem in discrete-time domain. Then, a two-phase design is proposed to derive the design of optimal control for each given path in terms of a backward recursion. In addition, the best transmission path selection is obtained depending on minimal system power consumption. Finally, numerical simulations are utilized to show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in both traditional control system and load frequency control in the power grid application.

关键词： Collaborative optimization algorithm plant control resource management time delays wireless sensor and actuator networks

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Efficient actuator Failure Avoidance Mobile Charging for wireless sensor and actuator networks

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IEEE ACCESS 2019年 7卷 104197-104209页

作者： Zhu, Jinqi Yu, Hongrui Lin, Ziang Liu, Nianbo Sun, Huazhi Liu, Ming Tianjin Normal Univ Sch Comp & Informat Engn Tianjin 300387 Peoples R China Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Comp Sci & Engn Chengdu 611731 Sichuan Peoples R China

actuators and sensors are two types of important nodes in wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSANs). actuators consume a large amount of energy for driving themselves move, handling events, communicating with each other, and computation. Hence, the sensors and actuators all suffer from a serious energy-constrained problem in WSANs. Recently, many excellent energy recharging works are proposed for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). However, the wireless energy delivery issue for WSANs is rarely addressed. In this paper, by deeply analyzing the characteristics of WSANs, we discuss the wireless mobile recharging issue for WSANs and present a novel actuator failure avoidance online charging scheme (AFAC). To prevent as many sensors failure as possible while ensuring no actuator failure, AFAC always tries to select the node that not only makes no actuator failure but also brings about the least number of nonfunctional sensors as the next target. Furthermore, since charging the actuators takes a long time, maximum charging threshold is set for actuators to prevent sensor nodes failure in the network. The simulation results demonstrate that our scheme gets the lowest sensor failure ratio with low charging cost and charging delay in comparison with other wireless charging schemes for WSANs.

关键词： wireless sensor and actuator networks MC scheduling actuator failure avoidance sensor failure ratio

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SANSync: An Accurate Time Synchronization Protocol for wireless sensor and actuator networks

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wireless PERSONAL COMMUNICATIONS 2019年第3期105卷 951-972页

作者： Boukhechem, Nadhir Badache, Nadjib Univ Bejaia Dept Comp Sci Bejaia Algeria CERIST Res Ctr DTISI Algiers Algeria

wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSANs) consists of a large number of sensors and a relatively small number of actuators connected through wireless links. In the WSANs applications, sensors detect the events in their environment and inform actuators. The actuators cooperate together and respond quickly to events. To coordinate their operations, a common time reference to all nodes in the network is a critical need. In this paper, we propose an accurate time synchronization protocol for WSANs, namely sensor and actuator networks Synchronization Protocol (SANSync), which allows the clocks of all sensors and actuators in the network to be synchronized with a reference clock. SANSync is based on clustering;it takes advantage of the large transmission capacity of actuators to increase the accuracy of time synchronization. The simulation results show that the proposed protocol increases significantly the accuracy of time synchronization compared to FTSP and FCSA protocols.

关键词： Time synchronization wireless sensor and actuator networks Clustering

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Adaptive auction protocol for task assignment in wireless sensor and actuator networks

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DISTRIBUTED sensor networks 2020年第6期16卷 1-13页

作者： Wang, Lu Li, Ming Kou, Jiaxun Yang, Kun Jiang, Chunlan Beijing Inst Technol Sch Mechatron Engn Beijing 100081 Peoples R China

The development of wireless sensor and actuator network is leading to high complexity networks and subsequently, new challenges in task assignment for effective sensor-actuator coordination. This article proposes an adaptive auction protocol for task assignment in multi-hop wireless actuator networks, considering a scenario where all actuators are immobile and each of them can obtain the target information from sensors. Unlike existing methods that neglect the adaptive auction area required by dynamic networks, the proposed method uses an adaptive factorko(reflects the adaptive auction area) that is deduced based on the relation between network characteristics and protocol performance. Simulation results show that the adaptive protocol can dynamically change the auction area during the network operation. In addition, comparison with existing methods, such as simple auction protocol, 1 hop simple auction aggregation protocol, and 1 hop simple auction aggregation protocol greedy extension, shows that the adaptive auction protocol can choose the optimal solution at a low communication cost with a high probability, irrespective of the changes in the network.

关键词： Adaptive auction task assignment distributed protocol wireless sensor and actuator networks

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Joint Optimization of Control Law and Power Consumption for wireless sensor and actuator networks

Joint Optimization of Control Law and Power Consumption for ...

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IEEE Global Communications Conference (IEEE GLOBECOM)

作者： Wang, Zhuwei Guo, Yuehui Gao, Yu Fang, Chao Li, Meng Sun, Enchang Beijing Univ Technol Fac Informat Technol Beijing 100124 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781728109626

wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSANs), as the promising technologies to realize efficient and energy-saving control, recently have been one of the main research focuses in academic fields as well as in control applications. In this paper, considering the network-induced delays, the joint design of optimal control strategy and power consumption for WSANs is addressed. First, the WSAN system with multiple transmission paths is modeled as a linear system and the joint optimization problem is formulated by using a quadratic cost function. Then, a two-step control scheme is presented to realize the joint design of control law and power consumption. In particular, the optimal control strategy for each given path is iteratively derived, and then the optimal transmission path is selected with the minimum system cost. Finally, numerical simulations in both generic control systems and power grid systems demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme.

关键词： Joint optimization network-induced delays optimal control power consumption wireless sensor and actuator networks

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Fault tolerance events ordering with coverage and connectivity aware clustering in wireless sensor and actuator networks

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International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering 2019年第3期16卷 201-214页

作者： Wu, Yi-Chao Interdisciplinary Program of Green and Information Technology National Taitung University Taitung Taiwan

A network delay or a fail link is prone to be occurred in wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSAN). Since the events captured by sensors are related to others, events ordering is an vital issue in WSAN. However, it is hard to guarantee that no prior event is transmitted while the latter events arrive at actuator in network. While a fail link is occurred, it could be assumed as a special case that the delay is set to infinity. Event ordering by double confirmation (OBDC) was a typical events ordering while a network delay was occurred. Fault tolerance events ordering by aging learning (FTEOAL) was a typical events ordering mechanism while a fail link existed. However, both of them assumed that sensors were all covered by one actuator and none of them was the orphan sensor. Once a sensor was non-covered by an actuator or an orphan sensor existed, the rate of correct events ordering will decrease. Therefore, in this paper, we proposed a fault tolerance events ordering with coverage and connectivity aware clustering, FTEOCCAC. The simulation results demonstrated that events were treated in correct order even if the sensors are deployed randomly or an orphan sensor existed while a network delay or a fail link existed in network. The rate of correct events ordering could be closed to the expect value. © 2019 Chaoyang University of Technology.

关键词： Coverage and connectivity aware clustering Fail link Network delay Orphan sensor Rate of correct events ordering wireless sensor and actuator networks

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MPC-based Co-design of Control and Routing for wireless sensor and actuator networks

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CONTROL AUTOMATION AND SYSTEMS 2018年第3期16卷 953-960页

作者： Satoh, Dai Kobayashi, Koichi Yamashita, Yuh Hokkaido Univ Grad Sch Informat Sci & Technol Sapporo Hokkaido 0600814 Japan

A wireless sensor and actuator network (WSAN) is a class of networked control systems. In WSANs, sensors and actuators are located in a distributed way, and communicate to controllers through a wireless communication network such as a multi-hop network. In this paper, we propose a model predictive control (MPC) method for co-design of control and routing of WSANs. MPC is an optimal control strategy based on numerical optimization. The control input is calculated by solving the finite-time optimal control problem at each discrete time. In the proposed method, a WSAN is modeled by a switched linear system. In the finite-time optimal control problem, a control input and a mode corresponding to a communication path are optimized simultaneously. The proposed method is demonstrated by a numerical example.

关键词： Co-design of control and routing mixed logical dynamical system model predictive control wireless sensor and actuator networks

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A Review of Computational Intelligence Techniques in wireless sensor and actuator networks

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IEEE COMMUNICATIONS SURVEYS AND TUTORIALS 2018年第4期20卷 2822-2854页

作者： Primeau, Nicolas Falcon, Rafael Abielmona, Rami Petriu, Emil M. Univ Ottawa Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada Larus Technol Corp Res & Engn Div Ottawa ON K1N 6N5 Canada

wireless sensor and actuator networks (WSANs) are heterogeneous networks composed of many different nodes that can cooperatively sense the environment, determine an appropriate action to take, then change the environment's state after acting on it. As a natural extension of wireless sensor networks (WSNs), WSANs inherit from them a variety of research challenges and bring forth many new ones. These challenges are related to dealing with imprecise and vague information, solving complicated optimization problems or collecting and processing data from multiple sources. Computational intelligence (CI) is an overarching term denoting a conglomerate of biologically and linguistically inspired techniques that provide robust solutions to NP-hard problems, reason in imprecise terms and yield high-quality yet computationally tractable approximate solutions to real-world problems. Many researchers have consequently turned to CI in hope of finding answers to a plethora of WSAN-related challenges. This paper reviews the application of several methodologies under the CI umbrella to the WSAN field. We describe and categorize existing works leaning on fuzzy systems, neural networks, evolutionary computation, swarm intelligence, learning systems, and their hybridizations to well-known or emerging WSAN problems along five major axes: 1) actuation;2) communication;3) sink mobility;4) topology control;and 5) localization. The survey offers informative discussions to help reason through all the studies under consideration. Finally, we point to future research avenues by: 1) suggesting suitable CI techniques to specific problems;2) borrowing concepts from WSNs that have yet to be applied to WSANs;or 3) describing the shortcomings of current methods in order to spark interest on the development of more refined models.

关键词： wireless sensor and actuator networks computational intelligence fuzzy systems neural networks evolutionary computation localization sink mobility topology control

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