Basic turn-taking and imitation skills are imperative for effective communication and social interaction (Nehaniv in Imitation and Social Learning in Robots, Springer, New York, 2007). Recently, research has demonstra...
详细信息
Basic turn-taking and imitation skills are imperative for effective communication and social interaction (Nehaniv in Imitation and Social Learning in Robots, Springer, New York, 2007). Recently, research has demonstrated that interactive games using turn-taking and imitation have yielded positive results with autistic children who have impaired communication or social skills (Barakova and Brok in Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Entertainment Computing, pp. 115-126, 2010). This paper describes a robot that plays interactive imitation games using hand and face tracking. The robot is equipped with a head and two arms, each with two degrees of freedom, and a camera. We trained a human hands detector and subsequently, used this detector along with a standard face tracker to create two autonomous interactive games: single-player ("Imitate Me, Imitate You") and two-player ("Pass the Pose".) Additionally, we implemented a third setting in which the robot is teleoperated by remote control. In "Imitate Me, Imitate You", the robot has both passive and active game modes. In the passive mode, the robot waits for the child to initiate an interaction by raising one or both hands. In the second game mode, the robot initiates interactions. The "Pass the Pose" game engages two children in cooperative play by enlisting the robot as a mediator between two children alternately initiating and imitating poses. These games are designed to increase attention, promote turn-taking skills and encourage child-led verbal and nonverbal communication through simple imitative play. This research makes two specific contributions: (1) We present a low-cost robot design which measures and adapts to a child's actions during interactive games and, (2) we train, test and make freely available, a new hand detector, based on Haar-like features, which is usable in various kinds of human-robot interactions. We present proof-of-concept experiments with a group of typically developing childr
It is common experience that, through practice, tools disappear from our awareness. This form of perceptual learning occurs at all stages of life. In this paper we outline a model of "tool-body assimilation"...
详细信息
ISBN:
(纸本)9781424411153
It is common experience that, through practice, tools disappear from our awareness. This form of perceptual learning occurs at all stages of life. In this paper we outline a model of "tool-body assimilation" and tool use inspired by recent findings in neuropsychology and neurophysiology. Our model is based on three assumptions: 1) the body schema is plastic and alterable and can extend to incorporate tools;2) objects can be adapted in-situ to act as tools;and 3) tools are used on the base of their functionality. We evaluate our model by instantiating it in a simulated tool-using robot which learns to handle tools of various shapes to retrieve an object placed out of sight and out of reach. We discuss the model's plausibility to explain tool-body assimilation in humans and other tool-using primates.
This paper discusses different approaches in cognitive science and artificial intelligence research from the perspective of radical constructivism, addressing especially their relation to the biologically based theori...
详细信息
The new wave of robotics aims to provide robots with the capacity to learn, develop and evolve in interaction with their environments using biologically inspired techniques. This work is placed in perspective by consi...
详细信息
The new wave of robotics aims to provide robots with the capacity to learn, develop and evolve in interaction with their environments using biologically inspired techniques. This work is placed in perspective by considering its biological and psychological basis with reference to some of the grand theorists of living systems. In particular, we examine what it means to have a body by outlining theories of the mechanisms of bodily integration in multicellular organisms and their means of solidarity with the environment. We consider the implications of not having a living body for current ideas on robot learning, evolution, and cognition and issue words of caution about wishful attributions that can smuggle more into observations of robot behaviour than is scientifically supportable. To round off the arguments we take an obligatory swipe at ungrounded artificial intelligence but quickly move on to assess physical grounding and embodiment in terms of the rooted cognition of the living.
暂无评论