检索结果-内蒙古大学图书馆

An agent-based Pedestrian and Group Dynamics Model Applied to Experimental and Real-World Scenarios

JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS 2015年第1期19卷 32-44页

作者： Vizzari, Giuseppe Manenti, Lorenza Ohtsuka, Kazumichi Shimura, Kenichiro Univ Milano Bicocca Complex Syst & Artificial Intelligence Res Ctr I-20126 Milan Italy Univ Tokyo Res Ctr Adv Sci Technol Tokyo Japan

Pedestrian simulation is a consolidated area of application in which agent-based models are often employed;successful case studies are described in the literature and commercial, off-the-shelf simulators are commonly employed by decision makers and consultancy companies. Most state-of-the-art models, however, generally do not consider the explicit representation of pedestrians aggregations (groups) and their implications on the overall system dynamics. This work is aimed at discussing the relevance and significance of this research effort with respect to the need of empirical data about the implication of the presence of groups of pedestrians in different situations (e.g., changing density, spatial configurations of the environment). The article describes an agent-based model encompassing both traditional individual motivations (i.e., tendency to stay away from other pedestrians while moving toward the goal) and a simplified mechanism considering the cohesion effects related to the presence of groups in the crowd. The model is tested in a simple scenario to evaluate the implications of some modeling choices and the presence of groups in the simulated scenario. Moreover, the model is applied in a real-world scenario characterized by the presence of organized groups as an instrument for crowd management. Results are discussed and compared to experimental observations and to data available in the literature.

关键词： agent-based modeling and simulation Pedestrian and Crowd simulation Groups Interdisciplinary Approaches

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Integrated planning and scheduling under production uncertainties: Bi-level model formulation and hybrid solution method

引用

COMPUTERS & CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2015年 72卷 255-272页

作者： Chu, Yunfei You, Fengqi Wassick, John M. Agarwal, Anshul Northwestern Univ Dept Biol & Chem Engn Evanston IL 60208 USA Dow Chem Co USA Midland MI 48674 USA

We propose a novel method for integrating planning and scheduling problems under production uncertainties. The integrated problem is formulated into a bi-level program. The planning problem is solved in the upper level, while the scheduling problems in the planning periods are solved under uncertainties in the lower level. The planning and scheduling problems are linked via service level constraints. To solve the integrated problem, a hybrid method is developed, which iterates between a mixed-integer linear programming solver for the planning problem and an agent-based reactive scheduling method. If the service level constraints are not met, a cutting plane constraint is generated by the agent-based scheduling method and appended to the planning problem which is solved to determine new production quantities. The hybrid method returns an optimality gap for validating the solution quality. The proposed method is demonstrated by two complicated problems which are solved efficiently with small gaps less than 1%. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Planning Scheduling Service-level constraints Hybrid method agent-based modeling and simulation

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

simulation Experiment of Disaster Response Organizational Structures With Alternative Optimization Techniques

引用

SOCIAL SCIENCE COMPUTER REVIEW 2015年第3期33卷 343-371页

作者： Lee, GeunHo Bae, Jang Won Oh, Namkyung Hong, Jeong Hee Moon, Il-Chul Agcy Def Dev Taejon 300600 South Korea Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Ind & Syst Engn Taejon 305701 South Korea Univ Akron Dept Publ Adm & Urban Studies Akron OH 44325 USA

Disaster response operations are critical for decreasing the devastating impacts that result in casualties and property damages. Since these operations require cooperation in dynamic and complex situations, the responding organizations require a solid organizational structure collectively. This article introduces computational designs and evaluations of alternative organizational structures for disaster responses to resolve the disconnections between resource demands and supplies. In particular, this research consists of (1) organizational structure designs with two optimization techniques, (2) agent-based simulations that virtually replicate disaster response contexts, and (3) social network analysis to interpret the relations between the structures and the performances from the network perspectives. We applied this approach to log records of Hurricane Katrina, and our evaluations suggest that alternative organizations would improve operation outcomes, that is, increase the successful resource delivery counts and reduce a number of organizational conflicts. This computational approach could be further utilized in designing and evaluating organizations under complex and dynamic situations.

关键词： disaster response dynamic network analysis agent-based modeling and simulation organizational structure optimization

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

On the Reliability Analysis of Systems and SoS: The RAMSAS Method and Related Extensions

引用

IEEE SYSTEMS JOURNAL 2015年第1期9卷 232-241页

作者： Garro, Alfredo Tundis, Andrea Univ Calabria Dept Informat Modeling Elect & Syst Engn DIMES I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende Italy

This paper aims at contributing to fill the lack of methods specifically conceived for addressing the analysis and verification of nonfunctional requirements. In particular, the attention is focused on system reliability, which is a key requirement to be satisfied particularly for mission-critical systems where system failures could cause even human losses. To this end, this paper presents an up-to-date version of RAMSAS, which is a recently proposed model-based method for the reliability analysis of systems through simulation. The present version of RAMSAS is the result of an intensive experimentation phase in several application domains (avionics, automotive, and satellite) that allowed for the improvement of the effectiveness of the method, particularly in the modeling of both the intended and dysfunctional system behaviors. Moreover, this paper discusses the specific issues that arise when moving from the reliability analysis of systems to that of systems of systems (SoSs) and proposes a possible extension of the RAMSAS method (called RAMSoS) that is able to address the identified issues and thus support the reliability analysis of SoSs through simulation.

关键词： agent-based modeling and simulation dysfunctional behavior modeling model-based systems engineering reliability analysis

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

On the Reliability Analysis of Systems and SoS: The RAMSAS Method and Related Extensions

On the Reliability Analysis of Systems and SoS: The RAMSAS M...

引用

7th International Conference on System of Systems Engineering (SoSE)

作者： Garro, Alfredo Tundis, Andrea Univ Calabria Dept Informat Modeling Elect & Syst Engn DIMES I-87036 Arcavacata Di Rende Italy

关键词： agent-based modeling and simulation dysfunctional behavior modeling model-based systems engineering reliability analysis

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Electricity Usage Efficiency in Large Buildings: DSM Measures and Preliminary simulations of DR Programs in a Public Library

Electricity Usage Efficiency in Large Buildings: DSM Measure...

引用

13th International Conference on Practical Applications of agents, Multi-agent Systems, and Sustainability (PAAMS)

作者： Algarvio, Hugo Viegas, Joaquim Lopes, Fernando Amaro, Diogo Pronto, Anabela Vieira, Susana M. LNEG Natl Res Inst Est Paco Lumiar 22 Lisbon Portugal Univ Lisbon Inst Super Tecn LAETA IDMEC P-1699 Lisbon Portugal Univ Nova Lisboa Fac Ciencias & Tecnol P-1200 Lisbon Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9783319190334;9783319190327

The programs and actions to rationalize energy consumption and increase energy efficiency, such as demand-side management (DSM) and demand response (DR), are receiving increasing attention. DSM involves the selection, planning, and implementation of measures intended to have an influence on the demand or customer-side of the electric meter. DR includes programs designed to encourage end-users to make short-term reductions in energy demand in response to price signals from the market or triggers initiated by electricity grid operators. This paper aims at studying DSM actions and DR programs to improve electricity efficiency in a public library (large building), taking into account a time of use (TOU) tariff. It presents a model of the library developed with the software DesignBuilder and using real data. It also proposes DSM actions to improve efficiency and reduce energy costs. Specifically, the analysis of the building equipment and their usage constraints lead to the development of load shifting and peak clipping mechanisms. Regarding DR programs, the library manager adopts a load direct control program proposed by a retailer and involving a reduction in consumption in the peak period of the day. The agents negotiate the terms and conditions of a bilateral contract, notably energy prices and contract duration. The DSM actions, the DR program and the negotiated rate allow the library manager to reduce consumption by 4% and lead to savings of about 7% in total annual costs.

关键词： Demand-side management Demand response Commercial buildings Efficient operation agent-based modeling and simulation

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Success Factors in Product Seeding: The Role of Homophily

引用

JOURNAL OF RETAILING 2015年第1期91卷 68-88页

作者： Nejad, Mohammad G. Amini, Mehdi Babakus, Emin Fordham Univ Grad Sch Business New York NY 10023 USA Univ Memphis Fogelman Coll Business & Econ Dept Mkt & Supply Chain Management Memphis TN 38152 USA Royal Inst Technol Sch Ind Engn & Management Dept Ind Econ & Management Ind Mkt Unit Stockholm Sweden

This study explores the profit impact of seeding programs-giving away free new products to enhance new product diffusion. We conducted extensive agent-based simulation experiments using empirical social connectivity data from five consumer social networks. The findings suggest that the effect of consumer homophily-the similarity of adjacent consumers in a social network-on the profit impact of seeding depends on the seeding target. Consumer homophily negatively affects the profit Impact of seeding early adopters but it exhibits a U-shaped relationship with the profit impact of seeding social hubs and random seeding. The right side of the U-shaped curve (high homophily) reflects a higher profit impact when compared to the left side (low homophily). We integrate literature from sociology, social networks, and marketing to explain this finding. The results also suggest that seeding social hubs generates the greatest NPV (net present value), followed by seeding randomly chosen targets, and early adopters, in that order. Finally, we explore the optimal seeding size-the percentage of the market to seed-and discuss managerial implications for seeding strategies. (C) 2014 New York University. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Seeding Innovation diffusion Homophily Early adopters Social hubs agent-based modeling and simulation

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Managing production level in new product diffusion: an agent-based simulation approach

引用

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION RESEARCH 2014年第17期52卷 4950-4966页

作者： Negahban, A. Yilmaz, L. Nall, T. Auburn Univ Dept Ind & Syst Engn Auburn AL 36849 USA Auburn Univ Dept Comp Sci & Software Engn Auburn AL 36849 USA

Managing production level after the launch of a new product is a challenging problem and is critical to the overall profit of manufacturing firms. The problem involves concepts from different fields including production planning, manufacturing flexibility, forecasting, and marketing. In this paper, the gaps in the existing literature are first illustrated. With the goal of addressing the identified research gaps, agent-based modeling and simulation is employed to analyze the performance of different production planning strategies under various levels of volume flexibility and consumer social network structures. The key distinguishing feature of the developed model is the capability of the manufacturing firm to adjust its production level by forecasting the future demand. The analysis of the simulation outputs yields substantial results by challenging some intuitive and traditional understandings of manufacturing systems. The paper also provides a discussion on managerial implications of the results in order to provide the managers with guidelines on the implementation of the model in real-world diffusion environments.

关键词： production planning new product diffusion agent-based modeling and simulation manufacturing flexibility demand forecasting

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

simulation-based analyses of an evacuation from a metropolis during a bombardment

引用

simulation-TRANSACTIONS OF THE SOCIETY FOR modeling AND simulation INTERNATIONAL 2014年第11期90卷 1244-1267页

作者： Bae, Jang Won Lee, SeHoon Hong, Jeong Hee Moon, Il-Chul Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Ind & Syst Engn Taejon 305701 South Korea

The bombardment of a metropolis is considered a nightmare scenario. To reduce losses from such an assault, big cities have developed evacuation policies in case of bombardment. However, to build efficient evacuation policies, much footing data is required that considers both military and civilian views. agent-based modeling and simulation could be utilized as a method to obtain the footing data. In this paper, we develop an evacuation agent-based model that describes a massive evacuation through the road network of a metropolis during a bombardment. In particular, our model took account of bombing strategies (i.e. the military view) as well as the characteristics of roads and evacuation agents (i.e. the civilian view) in order to analyze evacuations from both military and civilian perspectives. Moreover, we applied real data from a target region to calibrate parameters and initial conditions of the evacuation agent-based models, which increased the reliability of simulation results. Using the evacuation agent-based model, we designed and performed virtual experiments with varying military and civilian factors. Through the various analyses on the experiment results, we showed that our model could be a framework that provides footing data to develop efficient evacuation policies and preparations.

关键词： Evacuation analyses bombardment evacuation decision support system agent-based modeling and simulation

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Applying reinforcement learning to an insurgency agent-based simulation

引用

JOURNAL OF DEFENSE modeling AND simulation-APPLICATIONS METHODOLOGY TECHNOLOGY-JDMS 2014年第4期11卷 353-364页

作者： Collins, Andrew Sokolowski, John Banks, Catherine Virginia Modeling Anal & Simulat Ctr 1030 Univ Blvd Suffolk VA 23435 USA

A requirement of an agent-based simulation (ABS) is that the agents must be able to adapt to their environment. Many ABSs achieve this adaption through simple threshold equations due to the complexity of incorporating more sophisticated approaches. Threshold equations are when an agent behavior changes because a numeric property of the agent goes above or below a certain threshold value. Threshold equations do not guarantee that the agents will learn what is best for them. Reinforcement learning is an artificial intelligence approach that has been extensively applied to multiagent systems but there is very little in the literature on its application to ABS. Reinforcement learning has previously been applied to discrete-event simulations with promising results;thus, reinforcement learning is a good candidate for use within an agent-based modeling and simulation (ABMS) environment. This paper uses an established insurgency case study to show some of the consequences of applying reinforcement learning to ABMS, for example, determining whether any actual learning has occurred. The case study was developed using the Repast Simphony software package.

关键词： agent-based modeling and simulation reinforcement learning insurgency

来源：评论

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：