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Validation of an algorithm for detecting turning in people with cognitive impairment, considering dementia disease subtype

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GAIT & POSTURE 2025年 118卷 141-147页

作者： Mc Ardle, Riona Ryan, Leigh J. Rehman, Rana Zia Ur Dignan, Emily Thompson, Abbie Del Din, Silvia Galna, Brook Thomas, Alan J. Rochester, Lynn Alcock, Lisa Newcastle Univ Translat & Clin Res Inst Fac Med Sci Newcastle England Newcastle Univ Natl Inst Hlth & Care Res NIHR Newcastle Biomed Res Ctr BRC Newcastle Upon Tyne England Newcastle Upon Tyne Hosp NHS Fdn Trust Newcastle Upon Tyne England Janssen Res & Dev High Wycombe England Murdoch Univ Sch Allied Hlth Exercise Sci Perth WA Australia Murdoch Univ Hlth Futures Inst Ctr Hlth Ageing Perth WA Australia Newcastle Upon Tyne NHS Fdn Hosp Trust Newcastle Upon Tyne England

Background: Turning manoeuvres are an essential component of mobility and are vital for effective real-world navigation. Turning is more challenging than straight-line walking, involving complex cognitive functions to execute multi-segment co-ordination. Therefore, people with cognitive impairment (PwCI) may be more susceptible to impaired turning performance. Inertial measurement units (IMUs) can be used to quantify turning performance;however, IMU-based algorithms have not yet been validated for PwCI, or across dementia disease subtypes. Research question: Is a custom-built algorithm for accurately detecting turn start and end valid for use in PwCI and in different dementia disease subtypes? Methods: Sixty-six PwCI due to Alzheimer's disease, Lewy body disease and vascular dementia, along with 23 cognitively healthy older adults (controls) were included. Participants wore an IMU on their lower back while completing six 10-m intermittent walks, segmented by 180 degrees turns. A 2D colour video camera was used as the reference system. Videos were reviewed by two independent blinded raters annotating turn start and end. Agreement (intra-class correlation (ICC (2,1)), Spearman's rho and Limits of agreement) and error (Root mean square error;RMSE and bias) between the raters (rater 1 vs. 2) and the algorithm (rater vs. algorithm) were evaluated. Results: There was excellent agreement (rater-rater and rater-algorithm) for detecting turn start and end for PwCI and across dementia disease subtypes (rho = 1.00, ICC = 1.00). The error between raters was lower (RMSE G 0.72 s, bias G 0.41 s) than the error between raters and algorithm (RMSE G 1.29 s, bias G 1.4 s). Error was lowest for controls (RMSE G 0.94 s), followed by AD (RMSE G 1.21 s) and LBD (RMSE G 1.29 s). Significance: Key findings suggest that this algorithm can detect turn start and end using an IMU in PwCI in agreement with a reference system (video ratings). Future research should consider the clinical applicat

关键词： Gait Turning algorithm Validation Cognitive impairment Dementia

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algorithm-Generated Identity Labeling Promotes Identity-Consistent Product Preferences

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PSYCHOLOGY & MARKETING 2025年第6期42卷 1667-1679页

作者： Shen, Zhengyu Hu, Yunxuan Yin, Yunlu East China Univ Sci & Technol Sch Business Shanghai Peoples R China Fudan Univ Sch Management Shanghai Peoples R China

A surging amount of companies have employed algorithms to generate identity labels for consumers, aiming to attract their interest and boost their engagement in marketing activities. However, it remains unclear whether consumers' social and product preferences may be shaped by the identity labels generated by the platform, depending on the source of these labels (i.e., whether identity labels are generated by algorithms or humans). Three studies covering different scenarios involving various identity labels and their corresponding identity-consistent products show that algorithm-generated (vs. human-generated) identity labels enhance consumers' preferences for identity-consistent products. We further demonstrate that this effect occurs because consumers exposed to algorithm-generated identity labels exhibit a heightened expected accuracy of algorithmic predictions and a stronger strength of identification, which subsequently fosters their identity-consistent product preferences. Our findings advance the understanding of consumer responses to algorithm-generated information and offer valuable insights for companies to leverage algorithmic technology to nudge consumer behavior.

关键词： algorithm expected accuracy of algorithmic prediction identity label strength of identification

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Development and Validation of a Machine Learning algorithm for Predicting Diabetes Retinopathy in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: algorithm Development Study

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JMIR MEDICAL INFORMATICS 2025年 13卷 e58107页

作者： Kim, Sunyoung Park, Jaeyu Son, Yejun Lee, Hojae Woo, Selin Lee, Myeongcheol Lee, Hayeon Sang, Hyunji Yon, Dong Keon Rhee, Sang Youl Kyung Hee Univ Med Ctr Coll Med Dept Family Med Seoul South Korea Kyung Hee Univ Med Sci Res Inst Coll Med Ctr Digital Hlth 23 Kyungheedae Ro Seoul 02447 South Korea Kyung Hee Univ Dept Regulatory Sci Seoul South Korea Kyung Hee Univ Coll Med Dept Precis Med Seoul South Korea Kyung Hee Univ Coll Med Dept Endocrinol Med Ctr Seoul South Korea Kyung Hee Univ Med Ctr Coll Med Dept Pediat Seoul South Korea

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the leading cause of preventable blindness worldwide. Machine learning (ML) systems can enhance DR in community-based screening. However, predictive power models for usability and performance are still being determined. Objective: This study used data from 3 university hospitals in South Korea to conduct a simple and accurate assessment of ML-based risk prediction for the development of DR that can be universally applied to adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods: DR was predicted using data from 2 independent electronic medical records: a discovery cohort (one hospital, n=14,694) and a validation cohort (2 hospitals, n=1856). The primary outcome was the presence of DR at 3 years. Different ML-based models were selected through hyperparameter tuning in the discovery cohort, and the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was analyzed in both cohorts. Results: Among 14,694 patients screened for inclusion, 348 (2.37%) were diagnosed with DR. For DR, the extreme gradient boosting (XGBoost) system had an accuracy of 75.13% (95% CI 74.10-76.17), a sensitivity of 71.00% (95% CI 66.83-75.17), and a specificity of 75.23% (95% CI 74.16-76.31) in the original dataset. Among the validation datasets, XGBoost had an accuracy of 65.14%, a sensitivity of 64.96%, and a specificity of 65.15%. The most common feature in the XGBoost model is dyslipidemia, followed by cancer, hypertension, chronic kidney disease, neuropathy, and cardiovascular disease. Conclusions: This approach shows the potential to enhance patient outcomes by enabling timely interventions in patients with T2DM, improving our understanding of contributing factors, and reducing DR-related complications. The proposed prediction model is expected to be both competitive and cost-effective, particularly for primary care settings in South Korea.

关键词： type 2 diabetes diabetes retinopathy algorithm machine learning prediction comorbidities retinal ophthalmol- ogy

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Validation of an Administrative Claims-based Line of Therapy algorithm for Women with Ovarian Cancer Using Medical Chart Review

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ADVANCES IN THERAPY 2025年第6期42卷 2754-2766页

作者： Simmons, Daniel White, John Walker, Valery Blank, Stephanie V. Munley, Jiefen McLaurin, Kimmie AstraZeneca Gaithersburg MD USA Optum 1 Optum Circle Eden Prairie MN 55344 USA Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai New York NY USA

Introduction New maintenance therapies to treat advanced ovarian cancer have added complexity to identifying lines of therapy (LOTs) for real-world evidence (RWE) studies. This study evaluated the performance of a claims-based algorithm that identifies LOTs among patients with ovarian cancer using medical chart review validation. Methods The algorithm was developed previously utilizing the Optum Research Database (ORD), a US database that contains administrative claims data. To validate the algorithm, LOT results generated using claims data vs chart data were compared at the patient level by calculating the percent agreement between total number of active and maintenance LOTs, type of therapy (neoadjuvant vs adjuvant classification), and type of regimen (individual drugs). Patients with a diagnosis of ovarian cancer who initiated chemotherapy between December 1, 2014, and September 15, 2017, were included in the study. We report descriptive statistics, the percentage correspondence between medical records and claims data, and kappa statistics to measure the magnitude of agreement. Results A total of 294 patients were included in the analysis;164 received only chemotherapy and no maintenance, 77 received bevacizumab, and 53 patients received poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi). Mean age was 64.9 years, and 47.3% had stage III cancer. The algorithm demonstrated substantial agreement between claims and medical records for total number of lines of active and maintenance therapy (weighted kappa 0.65 and 0.62 p < 0.0001). There was moderate-to-substantial agreement for neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapy (kappa 0.56 and 0.62 p < 0.0001). The algorithm performed best at identifying early treatment with a regimen match of 82% and 88% agreement for first-line active and first-line maintenance, respectively. Conclusion We validated an administrative claims-based algorithm that demonstrates strong concordance with medical records for identifying LOT among patients wit

关键词： algorithm Ovarian cancer Validation Line of therapy Administrative claims data

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New Hybrid Harris Hawks-Cat Swarm Optimization algorithm for Water Resource Management Simulation-Optimization

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING 2025年第2期38卷 368-380页

作者： Saham, B. Sarraf, A. Aminnejad, B. Islamic Azad Univ Civil Engn Dept Roudehen Branch Roudehen Iran

The aim of this study is to optimize water resource management in the Jarrahi River Basin with an environmental sustainability approach for the Shadgan International Wetland. The Jarrahi River is one of the rivers in the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea drainage basin, with most of its course located in Khuzestan province. The river's catchment area lies on the southwestern slopes of the Middle Zagros Mountains and is located between 48 degrees 45' and 51 degrees 10' East longitude and 30 degrees 30' to 31 degrees 40' North latitude. Its area is 24,300 square kilometers. A water resource planning model for the entire Marun and Jarrahi river system was developed using an optimization approach. The entire Marun-Jarrahi watershed was simulated in a monthly time step over a 60-year period using the WEAP simulator, and five scenarios were defined. The results were then integrated and analyzed using the powerful Shahin Harin meta- exploration algorithm. Based on the results, the release pattern for water utilization within the standard benchmark four and ten tank system using Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO), FPA, and SOS algorithms, the exploitation policies derived from the HHO algorithm with a more optimal release pattern yielded the highest benefit. Additionally, the model with the least water shortage was identified using this approach. These results demonstrate the superior efficiency of the HHO algorithm compared to the other meta-exploration algorithms employed. As a further innovation, study proposes and develops a novel hybrid model combining HHO and Cat Swarm Optimization (CSO) algorithms, referred to as the HHO-CSO algorithm.

关键词： algorithm Jarrahi River Hybrid Harris Hawks-Cat Swarm Optimization Water Resource Management

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Challenges of a tailored immunohistochemistry algorithm for uterine leiomyosarcoma: an integrated analysis of leiomyomas with bizarre nuclei and fumarate hydratase (FH) deficiency

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HISTOPATHOLOGY 2025年第0期 2025 Feb 17页

作者： Alves-Vale, Catarina Truffaux, Nathalene Velasco, Valerie Azmani, Rihab Alame, Melissa Rebier, Flora Mayeur, Laetitia Leger, Yanick Hostein, Isabelle Soubeyran, Isabelle Blanchard, Larry Marion, Estelle Fontanges, Quitterie Le Loarer, Francois Averous, Gerlinde Genestie, Catherine Arnould, Laurent Devouassoux-Shisheboran, Mojgan Croce, Sabrina CUF Descobertas Hosp Dept Pathol Lisbon Portugal Inst Bergonie Dept Biopathol Bordeaux France Inst Bergonie Dept bioinformat Bordeaux France Clin Univ St Luc Dept Pathol Brussels Belgique Belgium Univ Bordeaux Talence France Bordeaux Univ Bordeaux Inst Oncol Bergonie Inst BRICINSERM Bordeaux France CHU Strasbourg Pathol Dept Strasbourg France Gustave Roussy Inst Dept Pathol Villejuif France Ctr Georges Francois Leclerc Dept Biol & Pathol Tumours Unit Pathol Dijon France Univ Hosp Lyon Lyon Sud Univ Hosp Multisite Dept Pathol Hosp Civils LyonObstet 165 Chemin Grand Revoyet F-69495 Pierre Benite France

AimsLeiomyomas (LM) are the most common uterine mesenchymal neoplasms and encompass a variety of histological subtypes. Bizarre nuclei are described in both leiomyomas with bizarre nuclei (LM-BN) and fumarate hydratase-deficient leiomyomas (FH-LM), which raise diagnostic concerns regarding leiomyosarcoma (LMS). Recently, an immunohistochemical algorithm to support the diagnosis of LMS based on the genomic landscape of these neoplasms was proposed. This study aimed to evaluate the algorithm's accuracy in distinguishing LM-BN and FH-LM from *** and ResultsWe collected 68 LM (29 LM-BN, 30 FH-LM, and 9 LM) and 9 LMS, along with clinicopathological and molecular data. An immunohistochemical panel comprising p53, Rb, PTEN, ATRX, DAXX, and MDM2 was applied. Nine cases were non-interpretable due to fixation issues. The algorithm demonstrated 100% accuracy for LM without bizarre nuclei (9/9) and for nonmyxoid LMS (5/5). Notably, 28.6% (14/49) of LM-BN and FH-LM exhibited at least two abnormalities, leading to potential misclassification as LMS. However, their clinical course, morphology, and genomic profile supported a benign diagnosis. Frequent alterations included Rb (20/49;40.8%) and p53 (19/49;38.8%), particularly in bizarre cells, while no abnormal staining was observed for ATRX, DAXX, or *** proposed algorithm has limitations in differentiating LMS from LM-BN and FH-LM, misclassifying 28.6% of the latter. Accurate interpretation requires proper internal controls, particularly for markers whose loss of expression favours malignancy. Morphology remains central for diagnosis, although integration of molecular data may provide additional insights for a definitive classification in challenging cases.

关键词： algorithm fumarate hydratase-deficient leiomyoma immunohistochemistry leiomyoma with bizarre nuclei

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IbI logics optimization algorithm-based high-order sliding mode control for DSIG within a wind turbine system

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RESULTS IN ENGINEERING 2025年 25卷

作者： Benzaoui, Khaled Bouguerra, Abderrahmen Zeghlache, Samir Elsanabary, Ahmed Mekhilef, Saad Bendib, Ahmed Ghadbane, Houssam eddine Rezk, Hegazy Univ Msila Fac Technol Elect Engn Dept Elect Engn Lab LGE Msila 28000 Algeria Univ Msila Fac Technol Elect Dept Signals & Syst Anal Lab LASS Msila 28000 Algeria Port Said Univ Fac Engn Dept Elect Engn Port Said 42526 Egypt Swinburne Univ Technol Sch Sci Comp & Engn Technol Hawthorn Vic 3122 Australia Univ Blida Dept Elect SET Lab Blida Algeria Univ 8 Mai 1945 Dept Electrotech & Automatique Lab Genie Elect Guelma LGEG Guelma 24000 Algeria Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz Univ Coll Engn Wadi Alddawasir Dept Elect Engn Al Kharj Saudi Arabia

Applying advanced control strategies with optimal parameters tuning is challenging for ensuring good tracking performance and stable operation of the dual-stator induction generator-based wind turbine (WT-DSIG) systems. To this end, the present paper proposes an innovative tuning method using an incomprehensible but intelligentin-time logic algorithm (ILA) to ensure optimal HOSMC controller parameters tuning. The optimally tuned HOSMC controller-based FOC scheme is applied to control a WT-DSIG system. This research offers a simple and effective method for optimal tuning of the control parameters, improving the control performance, hence the WT-DSIG system's stability. The proposed method is superior to the existing techniques, as it uses the IbI, a metaheuristic stochastic algorithm, to optimize the gains of the flux, speed, and current HOSMC controllers simultaneously. The effectiveness of the proposed control approach is assessed based on a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) implementation in a PLECS/RT Box real-time simulator. The HIL findings through comparative study further confirm the superiority of the optimally designed controllers over the conventional ones, highlighting significant enhancements in dynamic, steady-state, THD, and some other metrics. This research has practical implications for designing and operating WT-DSIG systems, offering a promising solution for improving their stability and performance.

关键词： Wind turbine Dual-stator induction generator Flux-oriented control Sliding mode control Incomprehensible but intelligent-in-time logic algorithm High-order sliding mode controller

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Novel algorithm for Surgical Management of Cervical Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament: A Retrospective Cohort Study With 2-Year Follow-Up

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ORTHOPAEDIC SURGERY 2025年第2期17卷 393-400页

作者： Cai, Zhuyun Kang, Hui Quan, Lei Ren, Yilong Fang, Meng Tan, Yixuan Zhang, Haochen Zhou, Xuhui Ma, Jun Naval Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 2 Dept Orthopaed Shanghai Peoples R China Gen Hosp Cent Theater Command Dept Orthopaed Wuhan Hubei Peoples R China Siyang Hosp Dept Orthopaed Suqian Jiangsu Peoples R China Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ Shanghai Gen Hosp Sch Med Dept Orthopaed Shanghai Peoples R China

Object With the development of new technologies, the surgical algorithm for ossification of posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) in the cervical spine also needs to be updated. The aim of this study is to elucidate a new surgical classification algorithm to guide the choice of surgical approaches for cervical OPLL based on its location and extent. In this algorithm, anterior controllable antedisplacement and fusion (ACAF) will be used as a new surgical option. Methods This is a single-centered, retrospective, cohort study utilizing a novel algorithm based on the following three criteria: (1) the positional relationship between ossification and uncinate process (UP), (2) the K-line, and (3) the ossification segment for surgical decision-making. Patients diagnosed with cervical OPLL who received surgical intervention guided by the algorithm were included. Patient demographics, Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) scores, surgical time, imaging data before and 2 years after surgery, and the occurrence of complications were extracted from the database. Paired t-test was used for intragroup comparison, and one-way ANOVA test was used for the intergroup analyses. Results Based on this novel algorithm, 15 patients with Type I, 8 patients with Type II a, 2 patients with Type II b1, 5 patients with Type II b2 were included. The decision-making for the surgical techniques used in each patient followed the recommendation of the novel algorithm. The postoperative JOA scores of all types of patients improved significantly (p < 0.05), and the invasion rates of vertebral canal had also been significantly reduced (p < 0.05). In terms of restoring cervical curvature, patients with Type I (receiving ACAF) and Type II b2 (receiving laminectomy with instrumented fusion) benefited more from surgery (p < 0.05). Conclusion A new algorithm guiding the choice of surgical approach for cervical OPLL was validated in a series of 30 patients. Through this analysis, we obtained on their clini

关键词： ACAF algorithm classification K-line OPLL

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Optimizing convex hull discovery: Introducing a quintuple-region algorithm with enhanced computational efficiency

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ENGINEERING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL-JESTECH 2025年 61卷

作者： Nuriyeva, Fidan Kutucu, Hakan Dokuz Eylul Univ Fac Sci Dept Comp Sci Izmir Turkiye Minist Sci & Educ Republ Azerbaijan Inst Control Syst Baku Azerbaijan Karabuk Univ Dept Software Engn Karabuk Turkiye

This paper introduces a novel algorithm for computing the convex hull of a finite set of points in twodimensional space. Unlike traditional methods, this algorithm strategically partitions the input set into five distinct regions, isolating interior points to reduce computational efforts while determining the convex hulls of the four boundary regions. This innovative approach significantly diminishes the required number of operations, achieving a computational complexity of O(nk), where k denotes the number of vertices on the convex hull and n is the number of vertices. The study methodically elaborates on the development of this algorithm, starting with a comprehensive overview of convex hull related terminology and existing methodologies. Subsequent sections detail the process of identifying endpoints within the set, the division of the set into specific regions, and the application of proposed algorithms for each region to efficiently compute their convex hulls. Through theoretical analysis and case studies presented in the latter sections, this paper not only enhances understanding of convex hull computation but also demonstrates the practical efficiency and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm in various scenarios. This advancement represents a significant contribution to the field of computational geometry, offering improved solutions for problems involving two-dimensional spatial analysis.

关键词： Computational geometry Convex hull Circuit covering algorithm

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Nurses' and physicians' experience of a new algorithm for tapering analgosedation in the paediatric intensive care unit: A focus-group investigation

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AUSTRALIAN CRITICAL CARE 2025年第2期38卷 101141页

作者： Dokken, Mette Rustoen, Tone Thomsen, Thordis Bentsen, Gunnar K. Egerod, Ingrid Oslo Univ Hosp Rikshosp Div Emergencies & Crit Care Pediat Intens Care Sect Oslo Norway Univ Oslo Inst Clin Med Fac Med Oslo Norway Oslo Univ Hosp Dept Res & Dev Div Emergencies & Crit Care Oslo Norway Univ Oslo Inst Hlth Fac Med Dept Publ Hlth Sci Oslo Norway Univ Copenhagen Dept Anaesthesiol Copenhagen Denmark Univ Copenhagen Herlev Hosp Copenhagen Denmark Univ Copenhagen Dept Clin Med Copenhagen Denmark Natl Hosp Norway Oslo Univ Hosp Dept Anesthesia & Intens Care Med Div Emergencies & Crit Care Oslo Norway Copenhagen Univ Hosp Dept Intens Care Rigshosp Copenhagen Denmark Univ Copenhagen Fac Hlth & Med Sci Copenhagen Denmark

Aim/objective: Iatrogenic withdrawal syndrome occurs frequently during the tapering phase of opioids and benzodiazepines in paediatric intensive care units. The aim of this study was to explore physicians' and nurses' experiences in patient care and staff collaboration during the tapering phase using a new "algorithm for tapering analgosedation" Methods: We used a qualitative explorative design with focus groups. The framework method was followed including transcription, familiarisation, coding, developing a framework, applying the framework, charting data into the framework matrix, and interpreting the data. The study was conducted at two paediatric intensive care units at Oslo University Hospital in Norway. Nurses and physicians who had used the new algorithm participated in the study. Findings: Three focus-group interviews were conducted with a total of 15 informants. Three main themes were identified with relevant subthemes: "Caring for a child in withdrawal", "Advantages of the algorithm", and "Challenges of the algorithm". The algorithm positively affected patient care and staff collaboration during tapering. The use of the Withdrawal Assessment Tool-1 integrated in the algorithm required experienced nurses due to the risk of false-positive patient assessments. Conclusion: Nurses and physicians in our study experienced that the new algorithm promoted staff collaboration and positively affected patient care. The use of the Withdrawal Assessment Tool-1 integrated in the algorithm required experienced staff and resources for continuous staff education. (c) 2024 Australian College of Critical Care Nurses Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://***/licenses/by/4.0/).

关键词： Paediatric intensive care unit algorithm Iatrogenic Withdrawal syndrome Implementation Focus group Qualitative research

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