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EUROPEAN REVIEW 2016年第1期24卷 4-16页

作者： Mehlhorn, Kurt Max Planck Inst Informat D-66123 Saarbrucken Germany

This article is based on the Erasmus Lecture that I delivered at the 2014 Annual Meeting of the Academia Europaea in Barcelona. I will discuss my early fascination for the field, as well as algorithms, programs, laws of computation, the double role of informatics as a mathematical and engineering discipline, and my effort to teach informatics to non-majors and the general public.

关键词： algorithm research ACADEMIC programs COMPUTATIONAL mechanics ENGINEERING

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Analysis and Control of a Magnetorheological Landing Gear System for a Helicopter

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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HELICOPTER SOCIETY 2016年第3期61卷 032006-032006页

作者： Choi, Young-Tai Robinson, Ryan Hu, Wei Wereley, Norman M. Birchette, Terrence S. Bolukbasi, Akif O. Woodhouse, Jin Univ Maryland Dept Aerosp Engn College Pk MD 20742 USA Boeing Co Mesa AZ USA US Army Aviat Dev Directorate Aviat Appl Technol Directorate Ft Eustis VA USA

This study develops the design analysis and control of adaptive magnetorheological landing gear dampers (MRLGDs) to enable adaptive shock mitigation in a lightweight helicopter. MRLGDs were designed to achieve a desired stroking load of 4000 lb (17.8 kN) over a desired equivalent sink rate range of 6-12 ft/s (1.83-3.65 m/s). The design analysis at low equivalent sink rates, v(s) < 10 ft/s (3.05 m/s), was experimentally validated using ramp displacement inputs on a servo-hydraulic testing machine at low speed. To validate the analysis at high equivalent sink rates, v(s) > 10 ft/s (3.05 m/s), single damper drop tests were performed. Two force feedback control algorithms were developed to achieve the desired constant stroking load over the desired sink rate range, that is, (1) bang-bang current control and (2) continuous current control. The effectiveness of control algorithms was evaluated using both single damper drop tests and an iron-bird test setup with a landing gear system having a pair of forward and aft MRLGDs.

关键词： MAGNETORHEOLOGICAL dampers LANDING gear algorithm research HELICOPTERS SHOCK (Mechanics)

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A Heuristics-Based Parthenogenetic algorithm for the VRP with Potential Demands and Time Windows

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SCIENTIFIC PROGRAMMING 2016年第1期2016卷 1-12页

作者： Shi, Chenghua Li, Tonglei Bai, Yu Zhao, Fei Hebei Univ Engn Sch Econ & Management 199 Guangming South St Handan 056038 Peoples R China Hebei Vocat Coll Correct Police Dept Informat & Technol 515 Zhonghua North St Handan 056038 Peoples R China Northeastern Univ Qinhuangdao 143 Taishan Rd Qinhuangdao 066004 Peoples R China

We present the vehicle routing problem with potential demands and time windows (VRP-PDTW), which is a variation of the classical VRP. A homogenous fleet of vehicles originated in a central depot serves customers with soft time windows and deliveries from/to their locations, and split delivery is considered. Also, besides the initial demand in the order contract, the potential demand caused by conformity consuming behavior is also integrated and modeled in our problem. The objective of minimizing the cost traveled by the vehicles and penalized cost due to violating time windows is then constructed. We propose a heuristics-based parthenogenetic algorithm (HPGA) for successfully solving optimal solutions to the problem, in which heuristics is introduced to generate the initial solution. Computational experiments are reported for instances and the proposed algorithm is compared with genetic algorithm (GA) and heuristics-based genetic algorithm (HGA) from the literature. The comparison results show that our algorithm is quite competitive by considering the quality of solutions and computation time.

关键词： VEHICLE routing problem TRAVELING salesman problem (Mathematics) HEURISTIC algorithms algorithm research GENETIC algorithms research

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A New Modified Artificial Bee Colony algorithm with Exponential Function Adaptive Steps

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COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2016年第1期2016卷 1-13页

作者： Mao, Wei Lan, Heng-you Li, Hao-ru Sichuan Univ Sci & Engn Dept Math Zigong 643000 Sichuan Peoples R China Key Lab Higher Educ Sichuan Prov Enterprise Infor Zigong 643000 Sichuan Peoples R China Sichuan Univ Sci & Engn Sch Automat & Elect Informat Zigong 643000 Sichuan Peoples R China

As one of the most recent popular swarm intelligence techniques, artificial bee colony algorithm is poor at exploitation and has some defects such as slow search speed, poor population diversity, the stagnation in the working process, and being trapped into the local optimal solution. The purpose of this paper is to develop a new modified artificial bee colony algorithm in view of the initial population structure, subpopulation groups, step updating, and population elimination. Further, depending on opposition-based learning theory and the new modified algorithms, an improved S-type grouping method is proposed and the original way of roulette wheel selection is substituted through sensitivity-pheromone way. Then, an adaptive step with exponential functions is designed for replacing the original random step. Finally, based on the new test function versions CEC13, six benchmark functions with the dimensions D = 20 and D = 40 are chosen and applied in the experiments for analyzing and comparing the iteration speed and accuracy of the new modified algorithms. The experimental results show that the newmodified algorithm has faster and more stable searching and can quickly increase poor population diversity and bring out the global optimal solutions.

关键词： BEES algorithm BEE colonies SWARM intelligence BIODIVERSITY algorithm research

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algorithm for Determining the Criticality of Documents within a Construction Information System

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JOURNAL OF COMPUTING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING 2016年第3期30卷 04015039-04015039页

作者： Chettupuzha, A. J. Antony Haas, C. T. Univ Alberta Hole Sch Construct Edmonton AB T6G 2R3 Canada Univ Waterloo Dept Civil & Environm Engn Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada

During a construction project, it is important to ensure that accurate and pertinent knowledge is delivered on time to appropriate personnel. The criticality of documents exchanged or referred to by various parties, evolves over the course of the project life cycle. Determining the criticality of documents at different stages of the project can aid companies with managing the flow of information in an organized manner, while providing for the detection of potentially disruptive, erroneous material that could result in delays and costs. Therefore, it is crucial to determine documents that have the potential to disrupt a process, so that they may be prevented from entering or interfering with the active flow of information in a project. Electronic product and process management (EPPM) systems provide the capability to establish and map information flow between different parties in a construction project. Analyzing an EPPM system may yield information about the criticality of certain documents within an activity, as well as isolate characteristics peculiar to documents, which can assist in risk mitigation. A methodology is proposed to identify such critical documents. Four factors were identified based upon metadata, structure, and historical data recorded for documents within an EPPM system to determine the criticality of documents over a construction project life cycle. The factors and a combined score were calculated for a model project scenario-based simulation within a full-scale EPPM system and anticipated problematic documents were identified. It was therefore functionally demonstrated that determining critical construction documents via document metadata and access history records is feasible and may contribute to both industry and the academic body of knowledge for document classification. (C) 2015 American Society of Civil Engineers.

关键词： algorithm research INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems INFORMATION technology CONSTRUCTION projects RISK management information systems

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Plant Leaf Recognition through Local Discriminative Tangent Space Alignment

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JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING 2016年第1期2016卷 1-5页

作者： Zhang, Chuanlei Zhang, Shanwen Fang, Weidong Tianjin Univ Sci & Technol Sch Sci & Informat Engn Tianjin 300222 Peoples R China Xijing Univ Dept Elect & Informat Engn Xian 710123 Peoples R China Shanghai Univ Key Lab Specialty Fiber Opt & Opt Access Networks Shanghai 200444 Peoples R China

Manifold learning based dimensionality reduction algorithms have been payed much attention in plant leaf recognition as the algorithms can select a subset of effective and efficient discriminative features in the leaf images. In this paper, a dimensionality reduction method based on local discriminative tangent space alignment (LDTSA) is introduced for plant leaf recognition based on leaf images. The proposed method can embrace part optimization and whole alignment and encapsulate the geometric and discriminative information into a local patch. The experiments on two plant leaf databases, ICL and Swedish plant leaf datasets, demonstrate the effectiveness and feasibility of the proposed method.

关键词： IMAGE registration TANGENT function algorithm research MANIFOLDS (Mathematics) GEOMETRIC analysis

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Comparison of Crosslinking algorithms in Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Thermosetting Polymers

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MACROMOLECULAR THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2015年第3期24卷 260-270页

作者： Jang, Changwoon Sirk, Timothy W. Andzelm, Jan W. Abrams, Cameron F. Drexel Univ Dept Chem & Biol Engn Philadelphia PA 19104 USA US Army Macromol Sci & Technol Branch Res Lab Aberdeen MD 21005 USA

The generation of fully cross-linked structure is a central task in molecular dynamics simulations of thermosetting polymers. Several algorithms for generating such structures exist, but it is so far not clear what impact the choice of algorithm has on thermal and material properties one typically wants to use simulations to predict. We generated cross-linked systems comprised of stoichiometric amounts of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A and poly(oxyproplylene) diamine using two methods: (1) a single-step approach, in which cross-link bonds are assigned based on a Monte-Carlo algorithm that minimizes aggregate bond lengths, and (2) a multi-step approach, which uses an incrementally increasing capture radius to identify bonding partners. The choice of cross-linking method has only a minimal impact on thermal and mechanical properties. The minimum nitrogen-to-nitrogen contour-length distributions are also insensitive to the method. However, significant differences were found in the molecular weight distribution of fragments formed by cutting each POP cross-linker between the amines: the single-step method results in fewer, larger fragments compared to the multi-step method. This indicates that the networks formed by the two methods are qualitatively different, and underscores the need for further studies to characterize the influence of polymer network connectivity both in simulations and experiments.

关键词： algorithm research ALGEBRA THERMOSETTING polymers CURING of polymers MACROMOLECULES

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Experimental evaluation of occupancy-based energy-efficient climate control of VAV terminal units

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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT 2015年第4期21卷 469-480页

作者： Brooks, Jonathan Goyal, Siddharth Subramany, Rahul Lin, Yashen Liao, Chenda Middelkoop, Timothy Ingley, Herbert Arpan, Laura Barooah, Prabir Univ Florida Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn Gainesville FL 32603 USA Univ Missouri Ind & Mfg Syst Engn Columbia MO USA Florida State Univ Coll Commun & Informat Tallahassee FL 32306 USA

Results are presented from a nearly week-long experimental evaluation of a scalable control algorithm for a commercial building HVAC system based on real-time measurements of occupancy obtained from motion detectors. The control algorithm decides air flow rate and amount of reheat for each variable air volume terminal box based on real-time measurements of occupancy and space temperature. It is a rule-based controller, so the control computations are simple. The experiments showed that the proposed controller resulted in 37% energy savings over baseline on average without sacrificing indoor climate. In contrast to prior work that reports energy savings without a careful measure of the effect on indoor climate, it is verified that the controller indeed maintains indoor climate as well as the building's baseline controller does. This verification is performed from measurements of a host of environmental variables and analysis of before/after occupant survey results. A complete system required to retrofit existing buildings with the controller is presented, which includes a wireless sensor network and a software execution platform. Two useful observations from this work are: (i) considerable energy savings-along with compliance with ASHRAE ventilation standards-are possible with simple occupancy-based control algorithms that are easy to retrofit;and (ii) these savings are attained with binary occupancy measurements from motion detectors that do not provide occupancy-count measurements. Results also show that there is a large variation in energy savings from zone to zone and from day to day.

关键词： COMMERCIAL building heating & ventilation MOTION detectors ENERGY consumption research algorithm research BUILT environment

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Structured Sparse Methods for Active Ocean Observation Systems with Communication Constraints

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IEEE COMMUNICATIONS MAGAZINE 2015年第11期53卷 88-96页

作者： Mitra, Urbashi Choudhary, Sunav Hover, Franz Hummel, Robert Kumar, Naveen Naryanan, Shrikanth Stojanovic, Milica Sukhatme, Gaurav Univ So Calif Dept Elect Engn Los Angeles CA 90089 USA MIT Cambridge MA 02139 USA

Actuated sensor networks enabled by underwater acoustic communications can be efficiently used to sense over large marine expanses that are typically challenged by a paucity of resources (energy, communication bandwidth, number of sensor nodes). Many marine phenomena of interest admit sparse representations, which, coupled with actuation and cooperation, can compensate for being data starved. Herein, new methods of field reconstruction, target tracking, and exploration-exploitation are provided, which adopt sparse approximation, compressed sensing, and matrix completion algorithms. The needed underlying structure (sparsity/low-rank) is quite general. The unique constraints posed by underwater acoustic communications and vehicle kinematics are explicitly considered. Results show that solutions can be practically implemented, even over large ocean spaces.

关键词： SENSOR networks research UNDERWATER acoustic communication research WIRELESS communication system research WIRELESS sensor nodes algorithm research

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Improving tracking performance of automotive air conditioning system via μ synthesis

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SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT 2015年第4期21卷 448-461页

作者： Zhang, Quansheng Canova, Marcello Ohio State Univ Mech & Aerosp Engn Columbus OH 43212 USA

In order to improve the performances of air conditioning systems, it is desirable to track time-varying trajectories generated by optimization algorithms, which H-infinity synthesis techniques have been proved to successfully solve. However, the control-oriented models of vapor compressor cycles used for algorithm development, even if built from first-principles, suffer from model uncertainties introduced by modeling assumptions, calibration inaccuracies, and linearization errors. The differences between the actual plant and the control-oriented model, mainly in the form of unmodeled dynamics and parameter uncertainty, undermine the stable margin as well as the performance of the closed-loop system with H-infinity controllers. In order to solve the problem, the concept of the structured singular value mu is used to analyze the influences of model uncertainties on robust stability and robust performance. Based on mu analysis results, mu synthesis techniques compared to H-infinity methods achieve better stability and performance margins over the same set of uncertainties. Furthermore, simulation results show that the mu controller achieves better performances of output tracking and disturbance rejection than the H-infinity controller for the automotive air conditioning system studied.

关键词： AUTOMOBILE air conditioning AIR conditioning research algorithm research CLOSED loop systems BUILT environment

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