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Performance improvement of inverted bulk heterojunction solar cells by use of gold nanoparticles modified PEDOT: PSS as an anode buffer layer

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JOURNAL OF NONLINEAR OPTICAL PHYSICS & MATERIALS 2024年第06期34卷

作者： Syarif, Nur Fadhilah Merdeka, Muhammad Cikal Hidayat, Rahmat Wulandari, Priastuti Inst Teknol Bandung Fac Math & Nat Sci Phys Magnetism & Photon Res Grp Jl Ganesa 10 Bandung 40132 West Java Indonesia

We investigate the effect of gold nanoparticles capped by Citrate (Au-CA) and 3-MPA (Au-MPA) addition into PEDOT:PSS as an anode buffer layer (ABL) in the structure of an inverted hybrid solar cell. The localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) excited in AuNP is expected to accelerate the transfer of holes to the anode (Ag), increasing the mobility of charge carriers in this type of solar cell. The measured UV-visible absorption spectra show typical representation of the PEDOT:PSS mixtures, which changed due to modification of Au-NP's concentrations. The maximum absorption peak of Au-CA solution (d = similar to 13.8nm) is located around 522nm, while Au-MPA solution (d = similar to 25.7nm) is located around 528nm. These peaks are found to be red-shifted including the absorbance intensity increased when they are modified with that of PEDOT:PSS. Under the illumination of 100mW/cm(2) simulated solar irradiation, the fabricated solar cell device exhibits an increase of Power Conversion Efficiency (PCE) value from 1.02% to 2.38% for the device with the addition of 20.0v/v% Au-CA and to 2.44% for the device with the addition of 2.0v/v% of Au-MPA. In our case, the enhancement of open circuit voltage (V-OC) and short circuit current density (JSC) together occurs as a result of localized electric field effects from AuNP that influence charge transport and also the work function at the interface between PEDOT:PSS and the Ag-electrode. In our result, the fabricated solar cell with the addition of Au-MPA into the device structure shows a better performance efficiency of about 2.44% in comparison to the device with the addition of Au-CA of about 2.38%.

关键词： Hybrid bulk heterojunction solar cell gold nanoparticle localized surface plasmon resonance J-V characteristic anode buffer layer

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Investigation of improving organic light-emitting diodes efficiency using an ultra-thin ultraviolet-ozone-treated Nb-doped ZnO film as anode buffer layer

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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS 2022年 921卷 1页

作者： Huang, Wei -Lin Chu, Sheng-Yuan Kao, Po -Ching Natl Cheng Kung Univ Dept Elect Engn Tainan 70101 Taiwan Natl Chiayi Univ Dept Electrophys Chiayi 60004 Taiwan

In this study, ultraviolet (UV)-ozone treated ultrathin Nb-doped ZnO (NZO) films are developed as an efficient anode buffer layer to improve the overall performance of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The results show that the UV-ozone treated NZO buffer layer containing 1 mol% of Nb2O5 possesses a higher oxygen content and a greater work function (5.22 eV) as compared to that of an indium tin oxide (ITO) film (similar to 4.7 eV) signifying a reduction in hole injection barrier and thus an improvement in the injection efficiency. In addition, UV-ozone treatment can increase the surface energy of NZO films while reducing their surface roughness. Importantly, the UV-ozone treated 1 nm-thick NZO film with a Nb2O5 doping concentration of 1 mol% can help to lower the turn-on voltage from 3.2 V to 2.8 V, increase the luminance from 10,450 cd/m(2) to 25370 cd/m(2), and improve the current efficiency from 3.46 cd/A to 5.26 cd/A, (similar to 52 % enhancement as compared to the standard OLED device). Moreover, OLEDs with the developed buffer layer reveal a significant improvement in the roll-off phenomenon under high current densities, indicating a key role of the optimized NZO film in enhancing the carrier balance of the devices. When applied to the p-i-n structure, the NZO film also lead to a superior device performance as compared to the conventional p-i-n structure using NPB:MoO3 as a hole injection layer, suggesting a widespread use of the developed thin film. These findings therefore show a promising use of the UV-ozone treated NZO ultrathin film as an effective anode buffer material for enhancing OLED overall performance. (C) 2022 Published by Elsevier B.V.

关键词： OLED anode buffer layer Hole injection Metal oxide Material doping

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The visible and ultraviolet organic light-emitting diodes with germanium dioxide as facile solution-processed anode buffer layer

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CURRENT APPLIED PHYSICS 2019年第10期19卷 1076-1081页

作者： Xu, Kai Tang, Zhenchang Zhang, Yan Li, Wanshu Li, Haiou Wang, Lihui Liu, Liming Wang, Honghang Chi, Feng Zhang, Xiaowen Guilin Univ Elect Technol Sch Mat Sci & Engn Guilin 541004 Peoples R China Guilin Univ Elect Technol Guangxi Key Lab Informat Mat Guilin 541004 Peoples R China Guilin Univ Elect Technol Guangxi Key Lab Precis Nav Technol & Applicat Guilin 541004 Peoples R China China Monferrous Met Guilin Geol & Min Co Ltd Guilin Key Lab Microelect Electrode Mat & Biol Na Guilin 541004 Peoples R China China Monferrous Met Guilin Geol & Min Co Ltd Natl Special Mineral Mat Engn Technol Res Ctr Guilin 541004 Peoples R China China Monferrous Met Guilin Geol & Min Co Ltd Guangxi Key Lab Superhard Mat Guilin 541004 Peoples R China Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Zhongshan Inst Zhongshan Branch State Key Lab Elect Thin Films & Integrated Devic Zhongshan 528402 Peoples R China

Germanium dioxide (GeO2) aqueous solutions are facilely prepared and the corresponding anode buffer layers (ABLs) with solution process are demonstrated. Atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy measurements show that solution-processed GeO2 behaves superior film morphology and enhanced work function. Using GeO2 as ABL of organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), the visible device with tris(8-hydroxy-quinolinato) aluminium as emitter gives maximum luminous efficiency of 6.5 cd/A and power efficiency of 3.5 lm/W, the ultraviolet device with 3-(4-biphenyl)-4-phenyl-5-tert-butylphenyl-1,2,4-triazole as emitter exhibits short-wavelength emission with peak of 376 nm, full-width at halfmaximum of 42 nm, maximum radiance of 3.36 mW/cm(2) and external quantum efficiency of 1.5%. The performances are almost comparable to the counterparts with poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly (styrenesulfonate) as ABL. The current, impedance, phase and capacitance as a function of voltage characteristics elucidate that the GeO2 ABL formed from appropriate concentration of GeO2 aqueous solution favors hole injection enhancement and accordingly promoting device performance.

关键词： Organic light-emitting diode GeO2 anode buffer layer Hole injection Solution process

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Bright prospect of using alcohol-soluble Nb₂O₅ as anode buffer layer for efficient polymer solar cells based on fullerene and non-fullerene acceptors

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ORGANIC ELECTRONICS 2018年 52卷 323-328页

作者： Bai, Yiming Yang, Bo Wang, Fuzhi Liu, Huiyun Hayat, Tasawar Alsaedi, Ahmed Tan, Zhan'ao North China Elect Power Univ State Key Lab Alternate Elect Power Syst Renewabl Beijing 102206 Peoples R China UCL Dept Elect & Elect Engn London WC1E 7JE England King Abdulaziz Univ Fac Sci NAAM Res Grp Jeddah 21589 Saudi Arabia

New breakthroughs are expecting to be achieved based on the discovery of novel interfacial materials for polymer solar cells (PSCs). Herein, the simple and facial approach of spin-coating technology with post heat and ultraviolet-ozone treatment is performed on niobium oxalate to prepare Nb2O5 interfacial layer with ultra-high transmittance. The ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy results confirm that Nb2O5 with a work function of 4.85 eV is suitable for employing as anode buffer layer (ABL). The average power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of the P3HT: PCBM-based fullerene devices with Nb2O5 ABL reaches to 4.01%, surpassing that (3.69%) of the control devices with ITO/PEDOT: PSS ABL. Further investigations on the PBDB-T: ITIC-based non-fullerene PSCs with Nb2O5 ABL demonstrate that a PCE as high as 8.67% can be reached, which is superior to that of device modified by PEDOT: PSS ABL (8.03%). Namely, 8% efficiency improvement in PSCs based on fullerene and non-fullerene acceptors realized as compared to the control devices with PEDOT: PSS ABL.

关键词： Polymer solar cells anode buffer layer Alcohol-soluble Nb2O5 Fullerene acceptor Non-fullerene acceptor

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Stability enhancement of P3HT:PCBM polymer solar cells using thermally evaporated MoO₃ anode buffer layer

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PHYSICA B-CONDENSED MATTER 2018年 530卷 201-207页

作者： Ameen, M. Yoosuf Shamjid, P. Abhijith, T. Radhakrishnan, Thulasi Reddy, V. S. Natl Inst Technol Dept Phys Organ & Nano Elect Lab Calicut 673601 Kerala India Natl Inst Technol Sch Nano Sci & Technol Nanosci Res Lab Calicut 673601 Kerala India

Polymer solar cells have been fabricated with thermally evaporated MoO3 as anode buffer layer (ABL). The stability of MoO3 and PEDOT:PSS based devices was examined under different test conditions. The MoO3 based device exhibited a slightly better efficiency and significantly higher stability compared to PEDOT:PSS based device. At a relative humidity of 45% the unencapsulated PEDOT:PSS based device degraded completely within 96 h. On the other hand, MoO3 based device retained more than 60% of its initial efficiency after 96 h. The reason behind stability enhancement was investigated by measuring time-evolution of reflectance and hole-current. Experimental results revealed that the stability enhancement for MoO3 based device originates from the reduction in degradation of anode/active layer interface.

关键词： Polymer solar cell anode buffer layer MoO3 Stability

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Organic Solar Cells Based on WO2.72 Nanowire anode buffer layer with Enhanced Power Conversion Efficiency and Ambient Stability

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ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017年第14期9卷 12629-12636页

作者： You, Longzhen Liu, Bin Liu, Tao Fan, Bingbing Cai, Yunhao Guo, Lin Sun, Yanming Beihang Univ Sch Chem & Environm Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Beihang Univ Heeger Beijing Res & Dev Ctr Beijing 100191 Peoples R China

Tungsten oxide as an alternative to conventional acidic PEDOT:PSS has attracted much attention in organic solar cells (OSCs). However, the vacuum-processed WO3 layer and high-temperature sol gel hydrolyzed WOx are incompatible with large-scale manufacturing of OSCs. Here, we report for the first time that a specific tungsten oxide WO2.72 (W18O49) nanowire can function well as the anode buffer layer. The nw-WO2.72 film exhibits a high optical transparency. The power conversion efficiency (PCE) of OSCs based on three typical polymer active layers PTB7:PC71BM, PTB7-Th:PC71BM, and PDBT-T1:PC71BM with nw-WO2.72 layer were improved significantly from 7.27 to 8.23%, from 8.44 to 9.30%, and from 8.45 to 9.09%, respectively compared to devices with PEDOT:PSS. Moreover, the photovoltaic performance of OSCs based on small molecule pDTS(FBTTh2)(2):PC71BM active layer was also enhanced with the incorporation of nw-WO2.72. The enhanced performance is mainly attributed to the improved short-circuit current density (J(sc)), which benefits from the oxygen vacancies and the surface apophyses for better charge extraction. Furthermore, OSCs based on nw-WO2.72 show obviously improved ambient stability compared to devices with PEDOT:PSS layer. The results suggest that nw-WO2.72 is a promising candidate for the anode buffer layer materials in organic solar cells.

关键词： organic solar cells anode buffer layer WO2.72 nanowire efficiency stability

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Improved performance for polymer solar cells using CTAB-modified MoO₃ as an anode buffer layer

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SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS 2017年 171卷 72-84页

作者： Li, Yanping Yu, Huangzhong Huang, Xinxin Wu, Zuping Xu, Haihong South China Univ Technol Sch Phys & Optoelect Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Peoples R China South China Univ Technol Sch Mat Sci & Engn Guangzhou 510640 Guangdong Peoples R China

We report a method to prepare molybdenum oxide thin films using the stable cetrimonium bromide-modified MoO3 (CTAB-modified MoO3) precursor solution. The effect of thermal treatment on the optical, crystalline, morphologic properties and surface wettability is greatly obvious because of the pyrolytic decomposition of CTAB. The highly efficient and stable polymer solar cells (PSCs) have been also fabricated by adopting CTAB-modified MoO3 nanocomposite films as the novel and universal anode buffer layers (ABLs). The P3HT:ICBA based solar cells with CTAB-modified Mo03 at 200 degrees C heat treatment exhibit an best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 5.80% with long-term stability, and the PTB7:PC71BM based solar cells with CTAB-modified MoO3 at 200 degrees C heat treatment show an best PCE of 8.34% with long-term stability, which are higher than that of the corresponding devices with PEDOT:PSS films. The improvement in device performance is mainly due to the agreeable electrical properties and enhanced charge extraction of the CTAB-modified MoO3 ABLs, and CTAB modification to the MoO3 surface can effectively passivate its surface traps, suppress the recombination loss of carriers. The surface of CTAB-modified MoO3 films is also more hydrophobic than that of the PEDOT:PSS. In a word, these indicate the CTAB-modified MoO3 films may be used as a novel and generally applicable hole transport layer for high-efficiency and ambient stable polymer solar cells.

关键词： Polymer solar cells anode buffer layer Molybdenum oxide Interface engineering Nanocomposite films CTAB

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Solution-dispersed CuO nanoparticles as anode buffer layer in inverted type hybrid organic solar cells

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PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE 2017年第1期214卷 n/a-n/a页

作者： Sabri, Nasehah Syamin Yap, Chi Chin Yahaya, Muhammad Salleh, Muhamad Mat Jumali, Mohammad Hafizuddin Hj Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia Fac Sci & Technol Sch Appl Phys Ukm Bangi 43600 Selangor Malaysia Univ Kebangsaan Malaysia Inst Microengn & Nanoelect IMEN Ukm Bangi 43600 Selangor Malaysia

A solution-dispersed copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles anode buffer layer has been investigated to improve the efficiency of inverted type hybrid organic solar cell (OSC) based on zinc oxide (ZnO)/poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) with and without an electron acceptor, (6,6)-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM). The photoactive layer consisted of P3HT was spin-coated onto the ZnO nanorod arrays that were grown on fluorine tin oxide (FTO) substrate. The CuO nanopowders dissolved in 1-butanol, ethanol, and 1-propanol were then spin-coated onto the photoactive layer, followed by the deposition of silver (Ag) using thermal evaporation technique. The contact angle measurements indicate that CuO nanopowders dispersed in 1-butanol showed the highest wettability on the photoactive layer surface, which results in better photovoltaic performance compared to the other solvents (ethanol and 1-propanol). For further investigation, the CuO anode buffer layer spin coating speed dependence of inverted type hybrid OSC based on ZnO/P3HT:PCBM was also studied. The CuO layer deposition on top of photoactive layer was optimized by using various spin coating speeds of 1000, 2000, and 3000rpm. The optimum PCE of 2.24% was achieved at a spin coating speed of 2000rpm, as a result of uniform and complete coverage of CuO on the photoactive layer.

关键词： anode buffer layer copper (II) oxide organic solar cells solution-dispersed

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Low-Temperature Preparation of Tungsten Oxide anode buffer layer via Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis Method for Large-Area Organic Solar Cells

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MATERIALS 2017年第7期10卷 820-820页

作者： Ji, Ran Zheng, Ding Zhou, Chang Cheng, Jiang Yu, Junsheng Li, Lu Univ Elect Sci & Technol China Sch Optoelect Informat State Key Lab Elect Thin Films & Integrated Devic Chengdu 610054 Sichuan Peoples R China Chongqing Univ Arts & Sci Res Inst New Mat & Technol Co Innovat Ctr Micro Nano Optoelect Mat & Devices Chongqing 402160 Peoples R China

Tungsten oxide (WO3) is prepared by a low-temperature ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method in air atmosphere, and it is used as an anode buffer layer (ABL) for organic solar cells (OSCs). The properties of the WO3 transition metal oxide material as well as the mechanism of ultrasonic spray pyrolysis processes are investigated. The results show that the ultrasonic spray pyrolysized WO3 ABL exhibits low roughness, matched energy level, and high conductivity, which results in high charge transport efficiency and suppressive recombination in OSCs. As a result, compared to the OSCs based on vacuum thermal evaporated WO3, a higher power conversion efficiency of 3.63% is reached with low-temperature ultrasonic spray pyrolysized WO3 ABL. Furthermore, the mostly spray-coated OSCs with large area was fabricated, which has a power conversion efficiency of similar to 1%. This work significantly enhances our understanding of the preparation and application of low temperature-processed WO3, and highlights the potential of large area, all spray coated OSCs for sustainable commercial fabrication.

关键词： tungsten oxide anode buffer layer organic solar cells large area ultrasonic spray pyrolysis method

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Simple O₂ Plasma-Processed V₂O₅ as an anode buffer layer for High-Performance Polymer Solar Cells

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ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015年第14期7卷 7613-7618页

作者： Bao, Xichang Zhu, Qianqian Wang, Ting Guo, Jing Yang, Chunpeng Yu, Donghong Wang, Ning Chen, Weichao Yang, Renqiang Chinese Acad Sci Qingdao Inst Bioenergy & Bioproc Technol CAS Key Lab Biobased Mat Qingdao 266101 Peoples R China Qingdao Univ Sci & Technol Coll Mat Sci & Engn Qingdao 266042 Peoples R China Aalborg Univ Dept Chem & Biosci DK-9220 Aalborg Denmark Sinodanish Ctr Educ & Res SDC DK-8000 Aarhus Denmark S China Univ Technol State Key Lab Luminescent Mat & Devices Guangzhou 510641 Guangdong Peoples R China

A simple O-2 plasma processing method for preparation of a vanadium oxide (V2O5) anode buffer layer on indium tin oxide (ITO)-coated glass for polymer solar cells (PSCs) is reported. The V2O5 layer with high transmittance and good electrical and interfacial properties was prepared by spin coating a vanadium(V) triisopropoxide oxide alcohol solution on ITO and then O-2 plasma treatment for 10 min [V2O5 (O-2 plasma)]. PSCs based on P3HT:PC61BM and PBDTTT-C:PC71BM using V2O5 (O-2 plasma) as an anode buffer layer show high power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 4.47 and 7.54%, respectively, under the illumination of AM 1.5G (100 mW/cm(2)). Compared to that of the control device with PBDTTT-C:PC71BM as the active layer and PEDOT:PSS (PCE of 6.52%) and thermally annealed V2O5 (PCE of 6.27%) as the anode buffer layer, the PCE was improved by 15.6 and 20.2%, respectively, after the introduction of a V2O5 (O-2 plasma) anode buffer layer. The improved PCE is ascribed to the greatly improved fill factor and enhanced short-circuit current density of the devices, which benefited from the change in the work function of V2O5, a surface with many dangling bonds for better interfacial contact, and the excellent charge transport property of the V2O5 (O-2 plasma) layer. The results indicate that an O-2 plasma-processed V2O5 film is an efficient and economical anode buffer layer for high-performance PSCs. It also provides an attractive choice for low-cost fabrication of organic electronics.

关键词： efficient polymer solar cells O-2 plasma processing V2O5 anode buffer layer annealing-free

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