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Tech-Enabled Financial Data Access, Retail Investors, and Gambling-Like Behavior in the Stock Market

MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2025年第2期71卷 iv-vi, 955页

作者： Havakhor, Taha Rahman, Mohammad Saifur Zhang, Tianjian Zhu, Chenqi McGill Univ Montreal PQ H3A 0G4 Canada Purdue Univ W Lafayette IN 47907 USA Calif State Univ Dominguez Hills Carson CA 90747 USA Univ Calif Irvine Irvine CA 92697 USA

Advancements in technology have reduced information acquisition costs, creating an improved information environment for retail investors. Specifically, new technologies, such as application programming interface (API), deliver high -volume, institutionallike raw data directly to Main Street investors. Although greater availability of information can be beneficial, it may also exacerbate retail investors' existing trading deficiencies. Exploiting the sudden shutdown of Yahoo! Finance API, the largest free API for retail investors, this study examines how access to tech -enabled raw financial data affects retail investment. We find that retail trading volumes in stocks favored by active retail investors dropped by 8.6%-10.5% within one month of the API shutdown. The remaining retail trades collectively became more predictive of future returns, suggesting less gambling -like behavior after the API shutdown. Moreover, our randomized controlled experiment affirms the underlying mechanism: tech -enabled access to high -volume historical price data increases individuals' overconfidence, which further leads them to engage in excessive trading. The study reveals an unintended consequence of technology -led, wider data access for retail investors.

关键词： retail investors financial technology financial data gambling noise trading stock market application programming interface quasi-natural experiment randomized controlled experiment

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How APIs Create Growth by Inverting the Firm

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MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024年第10期70卷 7120-7141页

作者： Benzell, Seth G. Hersh, Jonathan Van Alstyne, Marshall Chapman Univ Argyros Sch Business & Econ Orange CA 92866 USA Stanford Human Ctr Artificial Intelligence Digital Econ Lab Stanford CA 94305 USA MIT Initiat Digital Econ Boston MA 02215 USA Boston Univ Questrom Sch Business Boston MA 02215 USA

Traditional asset management strategy has emphasized building barriers to entry or closely guarding unique assets to maintain a firm's comparative advantage. A new "inverted firm" paradigm, however, has emerged. Under this strategy, firms share data seeking to become platforms by opening digital services to third parties and capturing part of their external surplus. This contrasts with a "pipeline" strategy where the firm itself creates value. This paper quantitatively estimates the effect of adopting an inverted firm strategy through the lens of application programming interfaces (APIs), a key enabling technology. Using both public data and those of a private API development firm, we document rapid growth of the API network and connecting apps since 2005. We then perform difference-in-difference and synthetic control analyses and find that public firms adopting public APIs grew an additional 38.7% over 16 years relative to similar nonadopters. We find no significant effect from the use of APIs purely for internal productivity: the pipeline strategy. Within the subset of firms that adopt public APIs, those that attract more third party complementors and those that become more central to the network see faster growth. Using variation in network centrality caused by API degradation, an instrumental variables analysis confirms a causal role for APIs in firm market value. Finally, we document an important downside of public APIs: increased risk of data breach. Overall, these facts lead us to conclude that APIs have a large and positive impact on economic growth and do so primarily by enabling an inverted firm strategy.

关键词： platforms digital platform API application programming interface inverted firm open innovation network effects digital strategy data breach business ecosystem market capitalization

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FlorID - A nationwide identification service for plants from photos and habitat information

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ENVIRONMENTAL MODELLING & SOFTWARE 2025年 188卷

作者： Brun, Philipp de Witte, Lucienne Popp, Manuel Richard Zurell, Damaris Karger, Dirk Nikolaus Descombes, Patrice de Lutio, Riccardo Wegner, Jan Dirk Bornand, Christophe Eggenberg, Stefan Olevski, Tasko Zimmermann, Niklaus E. Swiss Fed Res Inst WSL CH-8903 Birmensdorf Switzerland Univ Basel Dept Environm Sci CH-4056 Basel Switzerland Natureum State Museum Nat Sci Dept Bot CH-1007 Lausanne Switzerland Univ Potsdam Inst Biochem & Biol D-14469 Potsdam Germany Swiss Fed Inst Technol EcoVis Lab Photogrammetry & Remote Sensing CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland Univ Zurich Dept Math Modeling & Machine Learning CH-8057 Zurich Switzerland InfoFlora Switzerland CH-3013 Bern Switzerland Swiss Fed Inst Technol Swiss Data Sci Ctr CH-8092 Zurich Switzerland

Citizen science has become key to biodiversity monitoring but critically depends on accurate quality control that is scalable and tailored to the focal region. We developed FlorID, a free-to-use identification service for all native and many non-native plants of Switzerland. FlorID can identify >3000 species, using vision transformers trained on 1.5M photos, and ecological predictions from multilayer perceptrons, trained on 6.7M occurrence observations and 20 high-resolution environmental variables. Embedded in a free-to-use application programming interface, FlorID can be accessed directly, via webservice, and via FlorApp smartphone application. If multiple images and spatiotemporal location are available, FlorID correctly identifies 93% of field observations and has a top-5 accuracy of 99%. Ecological predictions boost identification success especially for native species with distinct distributions. By evaluating information on appearance and fine-grained ecology, FlorID is a blueprint for similar solutions targeting different taxa or regions, and a basis for developments like automated community inventories.

关键词： Data-efficient image transformers Automated species identification Species distribution model Switzerland Vascular plants application programming interface

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Intention Is All You Need to Create Your Own Hollywood Blockbuster MoviesRevolutionizing Filmmaking With Generative AI and Saga

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COMPUTER 2025年第4期58卷 79-94页

作者： Palmer, Russell S. A. Palmer, Andrew M. A. CyberFilm San Francisco CA 94123 USA CyberFilm Hamilton ON L8K 3A1 Canada

This article explores the transformative potential of generative artificial intelligence (AI) in democratizing filmmaking, focusing on Saga, an AI-powered platform designed to revolutionize every stage of the creative... 详细信息

关键词： Machine Learning Creative Process Metaphysical Language Model Aspects Of Production Franchise Video Content Film Industry Multimodal Interaction Hours Of Video Creativity Storytelling Image Generation application programming interface Co Founder Filming Artificial Intelligence Models Coffee Beans Types Of Stories Deepfake Blank Page Sound Model Lip Sync Chatbot Camera Level Copyright Law Fair Use Video Modeling Beta Testing

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Modeling and Digital Twins: Insights and Strategies for Software Engineers

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IEEE SOFTWARE 2025年第2期42卷 92-96页

作者： Abrahao, Silvia Staron, Miroslaw Michael, Judith Combemale, Benoit Chechik, Marsha Univ Politecn Valencia Dept Comp Syst & Computat Software Engn Valencia 46022 Spain Chalmers Univ Technol Comp Sci & Engn Dept Interact Design & Software Engn Div SE-41296 Gothenburg Sweden Univ Gothenburg SE-41296 Gothenburg Sweden Rhein Westfal TH Aachen Chair Software Engn D-52062 Aachen Germany Univ Rennes Dept Comp Sci F-35065 Rennes France Univ Toronto Dept Comp Sci Toronto ON M5S 2E4 Canada

Software modeling and digital twins are transforming the way software engineers design, operate, and maintain complex systems. In this column, we highlight cutting-edge research presented at the ACM/IEEE 27th International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering Languages and Systems (MODELS 2024) and the 1st International Conference on Engineering Digital Twins (EDTconf 2024). The selected papers tackle critical challenges in improving system understanding, enhancing stakeholder communication, streamlining design and development processes, optimizing lifecycles, and enabling seamless integration of complex systems.

关键词： Software Model Driven Engineering Digital Twins Stakeholders Complex Systems Software Technology Digital Twin Complex Systems Design Process Systems Engineering Modeling Techniques International Conference Sequence Diagram Federation Syntactic Natural Language Variety Of Sources Power Grid Manufacturing Industry application programming interface Automotive Industry Ethical Requirements Rule Based Approach Smart Meters Space Technology Agile Development Automotive Manufacturing Semantic Interoperability Domain Specific Languages

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Serverless Computing for Society 5.0

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IT PROFESSIONAL 2024年第5期26卷 79-84页

作者： Corradi, Antonio Sabbioni, Andrea Univ Bologna Comp Engn I-40136 Bologna Italy Univ Bologna Comp Sci & Engn I-40136 Bologna Italy

The advancement and increasing availability of novel technologies are widely recognized as crucial in building both a more resilient society and a sustainable economy. These technology factors are paving the way to a Society 5.0, where all domains, spanning from economic to technical areas, are encouraged to collaborate in the creation of a more dynamic, reliable, and valuable novel ecosystem. However, the enormous fragmentation in standards and protocols, even worsened by the geographical dispersion of these sources, hinders the integration of typically heterogeneous information data and applications produced by different partners. To solve this problem, new cloud computing models have emerged by proposing abstract interfaces and rapid prototyping of services, to specifically address the intrinsic dynamicity of these environments. In this work, we propose leveraging and evolving serverless cloud computing as support for Society 5.0 service integrations by providing a fast development environment that hides most of the complexities of infrastructure management.

关键词： Protocols Soft Sensors Ecosystems Serverless Computing Rapid Prototyping Security Reliability Sustainable Development Standards Resilience Serverless Computing Cloud Computing Internet Of Things Human Computer Interaction Economic Sustainability Smart City Integration Of Services Society Support Cloud Providers Resilient Societies Novel Ecosystems Start Up Modularity Interoperability application programming interface Triggering Event Specific Implementation Infrastructure Support Cold Start Execution Environment Microservices Execution Of Functions HTTP Requests Business Logic Heterogeneous Data Sources Adaptive Layer Management Layer

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A Malware Detection Method Based on Genetic Algorithm Optimized CNN-SENet Network

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IEEE ACCESS 2024年 12卷 160052-160063页

作者： Yang, Zheng Zhu, Hua Li, Zhao Wang, Gang Su, Meng Yunnan Power Grid Co Ltd Elect Power Res Inst Kunming 650200 Peoples R China Kunming Univ Sci & Technol Fac Elect Power Engn Kunming 650500 Peoples R China

In recent years, convolutional neural network (CNN) has achieved great success in the field of network security protection. With the popularization of smart terminals and the gradual increase of power grid informatization and digitization, the protection of power monitoring systems from various cybersecurity threads is a current scientific problem that needs to be solved urgently. To this end, this paper proposes a malware detection method based on genetic algorithm optimization of the CNN-SENet network, which firstly introduces the SENet attention mechanism into the convolutional neural network to enhance the spatial feature extraction capability of the model;then, the application programming interface (API) sequences corresponding to different software behaviors are processed by segmentation and de-duplication, which in turn leads to the sequence feature extraction through the CNN-SENet model;finally, genetic algorithm is used to optimize the hyperparameters of CNN-SENet network to reduce the computational overhead of CNN and to achieve the recognition and classification of different malware at the output layer. The examples under the public dataset containing 8 kinds of malware show that the proposed method is better than the traditional algorithmic model, and can accurately and efficiently achieve malware detection with strong generalization ability.

关键词： application programming interface convolutional neural network convolutional neural network malware detection malware detection network security network security power mobile terminal power mobile terminal SENet attention mechanism SENet attention mechanism SENet attention mechanism

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A Real-Time Associative Feature-Based Customer Relationship Management and Enterprise Resource Planning Integration Model for Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises

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JOURNAL OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IN ENGINEERING 2024年第12期24卷 121004页

作者： Sun, Yiding Li, Xinming Ma, Yongsheng Univ Alberta Dept Mech Engn Edmonton AB T6G 2E1 Canada Southern Univ Sci & Technol Dept Mech & Energy Engn Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China

Customer relationship management (CRM) and enterprise resource planning (ERP) havebeen extensively discussed in the research literature respectively. However, existingstudies do not reach a complete agreement on the CRM/ERP integration method, especiallyfor small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Generally, this work proposed a novelmethod for CRM/ERP integration approach via associative feature technology. A newfeature type, Real-time Data Link Board (RDLB), is developed and detailed as a genericinformation carrier solution for multisystem integration between CRM and ERP *** data elements are mapped into such data boards dynamically and synchronizedacross different data sources, structures, and databases. The contribution of this work isto present a well-defined and generically reusable data carrier definition, alongsiderelated methods for ensuring consistent data modeling during the system integrationphase across various digitalization engineering implementation projects. With thisapproach, the consistent management of data integration across intricate systems is achiev-able throughout application lifecycles, supported by the object-oriented software engineer-ing foundation.

关键词： customer relationship management enterprise resource planning small- and medium-sized enterprises associative feature technology application programming interface data-driven engineering engineering informatics information management manufacturing planning model-based systems engineering

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HabSim: A Modular-Coupled Virtual Testbed for Simulating Extraterrestrial Habitat Systems

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AIAA JOURNAL 2025年第2期63卷 376-388页

作者： Azimi, Mohsen Lund, Alana Fu, Yuguang Montoya, Herta Vaccino, Luca Krishnan, R. Murali Rhee, Seungho Chebbo, Leila Shahriar, Adnan Wang, Zixin Maghareh, Amin Dyke, Shirley J. Mississippi State Univ Dept Mech Engn Starkville MS 39762 USA Univ Waterloo Dept Civil & Environm Engn Engn 2-2314200 Univ Ave W Waterloo ON N2V 2T1 Canada Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Civil & Environm Engn 50 Nanyang Ave Singapore 639798 Singapore Purdue Univ Lyles Sch Civil Engn W Lafayette IN 49707 USA Purdue Univ Sch Mech Engn W Lafayette IN 49707 USA Univ Connecticut Dept Elect & Comp Engn Storrs CT 06269 USA Univ Texas San Antonio Dept Mech Engn San Antonio TX 78249 USA Verus Res Control Syst Albuquerque NM 87110 USA Purdue Univ Sch Mech Engn Innovat Mech Engn W Lafayette IN 49707 USA

Extraterrestrial habitats involve a tightly coupled combination of hardware, software, and humans while operating in an unforgiving environment that poses many risks, both anticipated and unanticipated. Traditional approaches with such systems of systems focus on reliability, robustness, and redundancy. These approaches seek to avoid failure rather than reduce overall risk. However, faults are inevitable, and understanding and managing the complex and emergent behavior and cascading events of such a complex system is critical. This study describes the development of HabSim, a computational simulation environment intended to support research to establish the know-how to design and operate resilient and autonomous SmartHabs. HabSim is a modular virtual testbed composed of many of the coupled dynamic systems expected in a typical SmartHab. A heterogeneous set of interconnected physics-based and phenomenological models is used to represent the essential functions of a SmartHab. HabSim further considers disruptions and models damage and repair of certain components. This paper discusses a) system and subsystem requirements of the deep space habitat included in the HabSim platform;b) architectural choices made in response to the requirements;c) technical considerations for developing, verifying, configuring, and executing HabSim;and d) illustrative sample results from a simulation of a representative disruption scenario.

关键词： Computational Simulation Deep Space Habitat Environmental Control and Life Support System application programming interface Fault Detection and Diagnosis Future Space Technologies System Health Management Planets Lunar Environment System Architectures

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50 & 25 Years Ago

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COMPUTER 2025年第1期58卷 12-15页

作者： Neuhold, Erich Univ Vienna Vienna Austria

Summaries of articles presented in this issue of the publication.

关键词： Wireless Networks Software Development Computer Technology application programming interface Partial Products Venture Capital Guest Editors Interesting Article Malware

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