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Conference on Sensors and Smart Structures Technologies for Civil, Mechanical and Aerospace Systems

作者： McLaskey, Gregory C. Glaser, Steven D. Grosse, Christian U. Univ Calif Berkeley Dept Civil & Environm Engn Berkeley CA 94720 USA Univ Stuttgart Dept Non Destruct Testing & Monitoring Mat Stuttgart Germany Univ Stuttgart Mat Testing Inst Stuttgart Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9780819466501

array processing of seismic data provides a powerful tool for source location and identification. For this method to work to its fullest potential, accurate transduction of the unadulterated source mechanism is required. In our tests, controlled areas of normal-strength concrete specimens were exposed to a low relative humidity at an early age to induce cracking due to drying shrinkage. The specimens were continuously monitored with an array of broad-band, high-fidelity acoustic emission sensors contrived in our laboratory in order to study the location and temporal evolution of drying shrinkage cracking. The advantage of the broadband sensors (calibration NIST-traceable) compared to more traditional acoustic emission sensors is that the full frequency content of the signals are preserved. The frequency content of the signals provides information about the dispersion and scattering inherent to the concrete, and the full unadulterated waveforms provide insight into the micromechanisms which create acoustic emissions in concrete. We report on experimental and analytical methods, event location and source mechanisms, and possible physical causes of these microseisms.

关键词： acoustic emission microseismic sensors array processing signal processing concrete wave propagation

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Microphone array processing for Distant Speech Recognition: Spherical arrays

Microphone Array Processing for Distant Speech Recognition: ...

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Annual Summit and Conference of the Asia-Pacific-Signal-and-Information-processing-Association (APSIPA)

作者： McDonough, John Kumatani, Kenichi Raj, Bhiksha Carnegie Mellon Univ Voci Technol Inc Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA Disney Res Pittsburgh PA USA Carnegie Mellon Univ Pittsburgh PA 15213 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467348638

Distant speech recognition (DSR) holds out the promise of the most natural human computer interface because it enables man-machine interactions through speech, without the necessity of donning intrusive body- or head-mounted microphones. With the advent of the Microsoft Kinect, the application of non-uniform linear arrays to the DSR problem has become commonplace. Performance analysis of such arrays is well-represented in the literature. Recently, spherical arrays have become the subject of intense research interest in the acoustic array processing community. Such arrays have heretofore been analyzed solely with theoretical metrics under idealized conditions. In this work, we analyze such arrays under realistic conditions. Moreover, we compare a linear array with 64-channel arrays and a total length of 126 cm to a spherical array with 32 channels and a radius of 4.2 cm;we found that these provided word error rates of 9.3% and 10.2%, respectively, on a DSR task. For a speaker positioned at an oblique angle with respect to the linear array, we recorded error rates of 12.8% and 9.7%, respectively, for the linear and spherical arrays. The compact size and outstanding performance of the spherical array recommends itself well to space-limited and mobile applications such as home-gaming consoles and humanoid robots.

关键词： linear arrays Speech recognition Human machine interaction arrays Error analysis array processing Sphericity dynamic shear rheometer Humanoid robots Microsoft Mobile Applications microphone arrays Loudspeakers

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Random array processing for micromachined sensor network

Random array processing for micromachined sensor network

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Conference on Advanced Signal processing - Algorithms, Architectures, and Implementations VII

作者： Yao, K Reed, C Hudson, R Lorenzelli, F Univ. of California/Los Angeles (United States)

ISBN: (纸本)0819425842

This paper considers ''blind beamforming'' operations on a wireless network of randomly distributed MEM sensors. Maximum power collection criterion is proposed and results in array weights obtained from the eigenvector corresponding to largest eigenvalue of a matrix eigenvalue problem. Theoretical justification of this approach to an extension of Szego's asymptotic distribution of eigenvalues is provided. Numerical results on propagation time delay estimation and loss of coherency due to propagation disturbances are presented.

关键词： random array array processing beamforming MEM sensor sensor network

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A "fractal" expander-compressor-supplier formative research method on array processing

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EDUCATION AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES 2023年第12期28卷 16349-16372页

作者： Mugruza-Vassallo, Carlos Andres Univ Privada San Juan Bautista UPSJB Chorrillos Peru Univ Nacl Tecnol Lima Sur UNTELS El Salvador Peru

In the present research the typical triangle on formative research was extended to a double triangle for an overall career programme (here expander/ compressor) and funnel proposal was explored in a single course (as a "fractal" method). array processing and ElectroEncephaloGram (EEG) techniques have been incorporated into a Digital Signal processing (DSP) course and research projects. The present research question was: is it possible to insert array sensing on formative research in an undergraduate course of DSP? From over eight years, two semesters with different homework loads (homogeneous triangle vs expander-compressor-supplier distributions) were analysed in detail within the DSP evaluations and students chose between experimental applied analysis and a formative research project. Results showed that cognitive load was influenced positively in the expander-compressor-supplier distribution, showing that an increase of the efficiency undertook more undergraduate research on array processing and the decrease of the number of formative applied projects. Over a longer term (48 months) students undertook more undergraduate research works on array processing and DSP techniques.

关键词： array processing Digital Signal processing (DSP) Cognitive load Undergraduate Research Methods Student Outcomes Success Homework load distribution Education management ElectroEncephaloGraphy (EEG) Formative Research Independent Component Analysis (ICA) Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) Science Technology and Innovation (STI)

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Direction-of-arrival estimation of cyclostationary coherent signals in array processing 9

Direction-of-arrival estimation of cyclostationary coherent ...

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9th European Signal processing Conference, EUSIPCO 1998

作者： Xin, Jingmin Tsuji, Hiroyuki Hase, Yoshihiro Sano, Akira Communications Research Laboratory MPT 3-4 Hikari-no-oka Yokosuka239-0847 Japan Department of Electrical Engineering Keio University 3-14-1 Hiyoshi Kohoku-ku Yokohama223-8522 Japan

A new approach is proposed for estimating the direction-of-arrival (DOA) of the cyclostationary coherent signals impinging on a uniform linear array (ULA) by utilizing the spatial smoothing (SS) technique. In order to improve the robustness of the DOA estimation by exploiting the cyclic statistical information sufficiently and handling the coherence effectively, we give a cyclic algorithm with multiple lag parameters and the optimal subarray size. The performance is verified and compared with the conventional methods through numerical examples.

关键词： array processing

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A new projection approach to robust array processing in the presence of steering vector errors

A new projection approach to robust array processing in the ...

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ISDA 2006: Sixth International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications

作者： Biao, Jiang Fuhu, Chen Guomin, Ling Ye, Zhu Department of Sonar Syetem Research Hangzhou Applied Acoustics Research Institute Hangzhou 310012 China Lab. of Signal and Information Processing Institute of Acoustics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 China

ISBN: (纸本)0769525288

A new subspace projection approach was proposed to improve the robustness of adaptive beamforming and direction finding algorithms. The cost function of the signal subspace scaled multiple signal classification (SSMUSIC is minimized on the uncertainty set of the presumed steering vector, the optimized solution is that the assumed steering vector can be modified as the weighed sum of the vectors orthogonally projected to the signal subspace and the noise subspace. Using the modified steering vector, the spectral peaks in the actual signal directions are guaranteed. Consequently, the problem of signal self-canceling encountered by the adaptive beamforming due to the steering vector mismatches is eliminated. Simulation and lake trial results show that the proposed method not only has the high resolution capability, but also is robust to a few steering vector errors. Furthermore, the modified MUSIC algorithm outperforms the conventional MUSIC and SSMUSIC methods excellently. © 2006 IEEE.

关键词： array processing

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Next generation asynchronous adaptive specialization for data-parallel functional array processing in SAC: Accelerating the availability of specialized high performance code 25

Next generation asynchronous adaptive specialization for dat...

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25th International Symposium on Implementation and Application of Functional Languages, IFL 2013

作者： Grelck, Clemens Wiesinger, Heinrich University of Amsterdam Informatics Institute Amsterdam Netherlands

ISBN: (纸本)9781450329880

Data-parallel processing of multi-dimensional functional/immutable arrays is characterized by a fundamental trade-off between software engineering principles on the one hand and runtime performance concerns on the other hand. Whereas the former demand code to be written in a generic style abstracting from structural properties of arrays as much as possible, the latter require an optimizing compiler to have as much information on the very same structural properties available at compile time. Asynchronous adaptive specialization of generic code to specific data to be processed at application runtime has proven to be an effective way to reconcile these contrarian demands. In this paper we revisit asynchronous adaptive specialization in the context of the functional data-parallel array language SAC. We provide a comprehensive analysis of its strengths and weaknesses and propose improvements for its design and implementation. These improvements are primarily concerned with making specializations available to running applications as quickly as possible. We propose four complementary measures to this effect. Bulk adaptive specialization speculatively waits for future specialization requests to materialize instead of addressing each request individually. Prioritized adaptive specialization aims at selecting the most profitable specializations first. Parallel adaptive specialization reserves multiple cores for specialization and, thus, computes multiple specializations simultaneously. Last but not least, persistent adaptive specialization preserves specializations across independent program runs and even across unrelated applications. Copyright © 2013 ACM.

关键词： array processing

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Nonparametric method for detecting the number of narrowband signals without eigendecomposition in array processing

Nonparametric method for detecting the number of narrowband ...

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14th European Signal processing Conference, EUSIPCO 2006

作者： Xin, Jingmin Ohashi, Yoji Sano, Akira Wireless Systems Laboratories Fujitsu Laboratories Ltd. Yokosuka 239-0847 Japan Department of System Design Engineering Keio University Yokohama 223-8522 Japan

A computational simple and efficient nonparametric method for estimating the number of signals without eigendecomposition (MENSE) is proposed for the narrowband signals impinging on a uniform linear array (ULA). When finite array data are available, a new detection criterion is formulated in terms of the row elements of the QR upper-triangular factor of the auto-product of a matrix formed from the crosscorrelations between some sensor data. Then the number of signals is determined as a value for which this ratio criterion is maximized, where the QR decomposition with column pivoting is also used to improve detection performance. The proposed estimator is asymptotically consistent, and it is superior in detecting closely-spaced signals with a small number of snapshots and/or at low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR).

关键词： array processing

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AN INSTRUMENTAL VARIABLE APPROACH TO array-processing IN SPATIALLY CORRELATED NOISE FIELDS

AN INSTRUMENTAL VARIABLE APPROACH TO ARRAY-PROCESSING IN SPA...

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INTERNATIONAL CONF ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL processing

作者： STOICA, P OTTERSTEN, B VIBERG, M Dept of Control and Comp. Polytechnic Institute of Bucharest Bucharest R-77 206 Romania Dept of Automatic Control Royal Institute of Technology Stockholm S-100 44 Sweden Dept of EE Linköping University Linköping S-581 83 Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)0780305329

Signal parameter estimation from sensor array data is of great interest in a variety of applications, including radar, sonar and radio communication. A large number of high resolution (i.e., model based) techniques have been suggested in the literature. The vast majority of these require knowledge of the spatial noise correlation matrix which constitutes a significant drawback. Herein, a novel Instrumental Variable (IV) approach to the sensor array problem is proposed. By exploiting temporal correlatedness of the source signals, knowledge of the spatial noise covariance is not required. The asymptotic properties of the IV estimator are examined and an optimal IV method is derived. Simulations are presented examining the properties of the IV estimators in data segments of realistic lengths. © 1992 IEEE.

关键词： array processing

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A GNSS Structural Interference Mitigation Technique Using Antenna array processing

A GNSS Structural Interference Mitigation Technique Using An...

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8th IEEE Sensor array and Multichannel Signal processing Workshop (SAM)

作者： Daneshmand, Saeed Jafarnia-Jahromi, Ali Broumandan, Ali Lachapelle, Gerard Univ Calgary Schulich Sch Engn Posit Locat & Nav PLAN Grp Calgary AB T2N 1N4 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781479914814

Position solutions provided by Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) can be completely misled by structural interference or spoofing threats. An approach utilizing an antenna array is proposed in order to suppress spoofing attacks. The proposed method is based on the assumption that all spoofing signals are transmitted from a single point source. A spatial domain processing technique is proposed to extract the spoofing signal steering vector and consequently to discard the spoofing signals. This method is implemented before despreading and acquisition stage of a GNSS receiver. Hence, it does not impose a heavy computational load on the receiver operational process since it does not require any extensive search in the code and Doppler domains to separately despread individual authentic and spoofing signals. Moreover, the proposed method does not require any antenna array calibration process. This pre-despreading interference mitigation technique is further extended to maximize signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each individual authentic GNSS signal. Simulation results show that the proposed method effectively countermeasures spoofing attacks for a wide range of received spoofing power.

关键词： Spoofing disturbance suppression computer information security Antenna arrays Global Navigation Satellite System array processing signal to noise ratios

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