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A loosely coupled aspect language for SOA applications

INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING 2008年第2期18卷 242-262页

作者： Mendonca, Nabor C. Silva, Clayton F. Maia, Ian G. Rodrigues, Maria Andreia F. Valente, Marco Tulio O. Univ Fortaleza Mestrado Informat Aplicada BR-60811905 Fortaleza Ceara Brazil Pontificia Univ Catolica Minas Gerais Inst Informat BR-30535610 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil

The aspect-oriented programming (AOP) paradigm offers software developers with powerful modularization abstractions to help them explicitly separate design concerns at the source code level. However, the impact of AOP in the service-oriented architecture (SOA) paradigm has been dwarfed by the fact that existing AOP solutions are tightly coupled to a particular programming language, middleware system or execution platform. Clearly, this not only restricts the implementation choices available to application developers, but it also clashes with the heterogeneous and loosely coupled nature of SOA. This paper presents the Web Service aspect Language (WSAL) that seamlessly integrates AOP and SOA concepts, thus avoiding the drawbacks of existing solutions. In WSAL, aspects themselves are freely specified, implemented and executed as loosely coupled web services. This characteristic allows WSAL aspects to be easily woven into the message flow exchanged between service consumers and service providers, in a way that is completely independent from any particular implementation technology. This paper also reports on the implementation and preliminary evaluation of a prototype aspect weaver for WSAL, which is based on an existing web intermediary technology.

关键词： aspect-oriented programming service-oriented architectures separation of concerns

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A test driven approach for aspectualizing legacy software using mock systems

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INFORMATION AND SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY 2008年第7-8期50卷 621-640页

作者： Mortensen, Michael Ghosh, Sudipto Bieman, James M. Hewlett Packard Corp Ft Collins CO 80528 USA Colorado State Univ Dept Comp Sci Ft Collins CO 80523 USA

aspect-based refactoring, called aspectualization, involves moving program code that implements cross-cutting concerns into aspects. Such refactoring can improve the maintainability of legacy systems. Long compilation and weave times, and the lack of an appropriate testing methodology are two challenges to the aspectualization of large legacy systems. We propose an iterative test driven approach for creating and introducing aspects. The approach uses mock systems that enable aspect developers to quickly experiment with different pointcuts and advice, and reduce the compile and weave times. The approach also uses weave analysis, regression testing, and code coverage analysis to test the aspects. We developed several tools for unit and integration testing. We demonstrate the test driven approach in the context of large industrial C++ systems, and we provide guidelines for mock system creation. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： mock systems aspect-oriented programming legacy systems refactoring testing

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aspectual feature modules

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING 2008年第2期34卷 162-180页

作者： Apel, Sven Leich, Thomas Saake, Gunter Univ Passau Dept Math & Informat D-94030 Passau Germany Metop Res Inst Dept Appl Informat D-39106 Magdeburg Germany Univ Magdeburg Sch Comp Sci D-39106 Magdeburg Germany

Two programming paradigms are gaining attention in the overlapping fields of software product lines (SPLs) and incremental software development (ISD). Feature-oriented programming (FOP) aims at large-scale compositional programming and feature modularity in SPLs using ISD. aspect-oriented programming (AOP) focuses on the modularization of crosscutting concerns in complex software. Although feature modules, the main abstraction mechanisms of FOP, perform well in implementing large-scale software building blocks, they are incapable of modularizing certain kinds of crosscutting concerns. This weakness is exactly the strength of aspects, the main abstraction mechanisms of AOP. We contribute a systematic evaluation and comparison of FOP and AOP. It reveals that aspects and feature modules are complementary techniques. Consequently, we propose the symbiosis of FOP and AOP and aspectual feature modules (AFMs), a programming technique that integrates feature modules and aspects. We provide a set of tools that support implementing AFMs on top of Java and C++. We apply AFMs to a nontrivial case study demonstrating their practical applicability and to justify our design choices.

关键词： feature-oriented programming aspect-oriented programming software product lines incremental software development collaboration-based design separation of concerns crosscutting modularity

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Testing aspect-oriented programs with UML design models

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOFTWARE ENGINEERING AND KNOWLEDGE ENGINEERING 2008年第3期18卷 413-437页

作者： Xu, Dianxiang Xu, Weifeng Wong, W. Eric N Dakota State Univ Dept Comp Sci Fargo ND 58105 USA Univ Texas Dallas Dept Comp Sci Richardson TX 75803 USA

The new construct in aspect-oriented programming bring new types of programming faults with respect to crosscutting concerns, such as incorrect point cuts and advice. This paper presents a UML-based approach to testing whether or not an aspect-oriented program conforms to its expected crosscutting behavior. We explore aspect-oriented UML design models to derive tests for exercising interactions between aspects and classes. Each aspect-oriented model consists of class diagrams, aspect diagrams, and sequence diagrams. For a method under test, we weave the sequence diagrams of the advice on the method into the method's sequencediagram. Based on the woven sequence diagram and class/aspect diagrams, we then generate an AOF (aspect-Object Flow) tree by applying coverage criteria such as condition coverage, polymorphic coverage, and loop coverage to woven sequence diagrams. In the AOF tree, each path from the root to a leaf is an abstract message sequence, indicating a template of test cases. A concrete test case is obtained by creating objects that satisfy the collective constraints in the template. Our empirical study shows that the model-based testing approach is capable of revealing several types of aspect-specific faults, including incorrect advice type, incorrect (weaker or stronger) point cut strengths, and incorrect aspect precedence.

关键词： software testing model-based testing aspect-oriented modeling aspect-oriented programming UML test generation

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Flexible metaprogramming and AOP in Java

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SCIENCE OF COMPUTER programming 2008年第1-2期72卷 22-30页

作者： Tanter, Eric Toledo, Rodolfo Pothier, Guillaume Noye, Jacques Univ Santiago Chile Comp Sci Dept DCC PLEIAD Lab Santiago Chile OBASCO Project Team EMN INRIA Lina Nantes France

Advanced programming techniques such as metaprogramming and computational reflection, as well as the more recent paradigm of aspect-oriented programming (AOP), serve important objectives of software engineering such as modularization and adaptability. In this tool presentation paper, we briefly overview this area and present Reflex, a portable tool for flexible metaprogramming and AOP in Java. Reflex provides both structural and behavioral facilities adopting a uniform model of partial reflection. This allows selective and fine-grained control of where and when reflection occurs. The facilities of Reflex make it easy to experiment with (combinations oo advanced uses of AOP and reflection without reinventing the wheel or being limited to a specific AOP language. (c) 2008 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： metaprogramming reflection aspect-oriented programming reflex Java

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An aspect-oriented approach for the systematic security hardening of code

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COMPUTERS & SECURITY 2008年第3-4期27卷 101-114页

作者： Mourad, Azzam Laverdiere, Marc-Andre Debbabi, Mourad Concordia Univ Comp Secur Lab Concordia Inst Informat Syst Engn Montreal PQ H3G 1M8 Canada

In this paper, we present an aspect-oriented approach for the systematic security hardening of source code. It aims at allowing developers to perform software security hardening by providing an abstraction over the actions required to improve the security of the program. This is done by giving them the capabilities to specify high-level security hardening plans that leverage a priori defined security hardening patterns. These patterns describe the required steps and actions to harden security code, including detailed information on how and where to inject the security code. We show the viability and relevance of our approach by: (1) elaborating security hardening patterns and plans to common security hardening practices, (2) realizing these patterns by implementing them into aspect-oriented languages, (3) applying them to secure applications, (4) testing the hardened applications. Furthermore, we discuss, in this paper, our insights on the appropriateness, strengths and limitations of the aspect-oriented paradigm for security hardening. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： security hardening security hardening patterns security hardening plans aspect-oriented programming computer security security patterns secure programming

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A language for high-level description of adaptive web systems

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JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE 2008年第7期81卷 1196-1217页

作者： Sadat-Mohtasham, S. Hossein Ghorbani, Ali A. Univ New Brunswick Fac Comp Sci Intelligent & Adapt Syst Grp Fredericton NB E3B 5A3 Canada

Adaptive Web systems (AWS) are Web-based systems that can adapt their features such as, presentation, content, and structure, based on users' behaviour and preferences, device capabilities, and environment attributes. A framework was developed in our research group to provide the necessary components and protocols for the development of adaptive Web systems;however, there were several issues and shortcomings (e.g. low productivity, lack of verification mechanisms, etc.) in using the framework that inspired the development of a domain-specific language for the framework. This paper focuses on the proposal, design, and implementation of AWL, the Adaptive Web Language, which is used to develop adaptive Web systems within our framework. Not only does AWL address the existing issues in the framework, but it also offers mechanisms to increase software quality attributes, especially, reusability. An example application named PENS (a personalized e-News system) is explained and implemented in AWL. AWL has been designed based on the analysis of the adaptive Web domain, having taken into account the principles of reuse-based software engineering (product-lines), domain-specific languages, and aspect-oriented programming. Specially, a novel design decision, inspired by aspect-oriented programming paradigm, allows separate specification of presentation features in an application from its adaptation features. The AWL's design decisions and their benefits are explained. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Adaptive web system Domain-specific programming language aspect-oriented programming

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An illustrative example of refactoring object-oriented source code with aspect-oriented mechanisms

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SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 2008年第4期38卷 361-396页

作者： Monteiro, Miguel P. Fernandes, Joao M. Univ Minho Dept Informat P-4710057 Braga Portugal Univ Minho CCTC P-4710057 Braga Portugal Univ Nova Lisboa Fac Ciencias & Tecnol Dept Informat P-28298516 Caparica Portugal

This paper describes a refactoring process that transforms a Java source code base into a functionally equivalent aspectJ source code base. The process illustrates the use of a collection of refactorings for aspect-oriented source code, covering the extraction of scattered implementation elements to aspects, the internal reorganization of the extracted aspects and the extraction of commonalities to super-aspects. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： refactoring aspect-oriented programming design patterns

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Using aspects for Enforcing Formal Architectural Invariants

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ELECTRONIC NOTES IN THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE 2008年第C期215卷 5-21页

作者： Kallel, Slim Charfi, Anis Jmaiel, Mohamed Tech Univ Darmstadt Software Technol Grp Darmstadt Germany CEC Darmstadt SAP Res Darmstadt Germany Natl Engn Sch Sfax ReDCAD Lab Sfax Tunisia

Formal methods such as Z and Petri nets can be used to specify invariants that should hold during the execution of component-based applications such as those regarding changes in the architecture of the application and valid sequences of architecture reconfigurations. Integrating logic for checking and enforcing these invariants into the application's implementation is generally done by adding appropriate code to the functional application code. In this paper, we discuss several limitations of this approach that may ensue in a disconnection between the application implementation and its formal specification. We propose an approach for specifying and enforcing architectural constraints, which combines formal methods and aspect-oriented programming. We use the Z notation for describing the architectural invariants of the application and Petri nets for modeling coordination protocols. At the implementation level, aspects intercept architecture reconfiguration events and check according to the formal specification and the coordination protocol whether a reconfiguration action can be performed.

关键词： Software architecture Z notation Petri nets aspect-oriented programming

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Modifying Contracts with Larissa aspects

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ELECTRONIC NOTES IN THEORETICAL COMPUTER SCIENCE 2008年第4期203卷 125-140页

作者： Stauch, David Verimag Ctr Equat 2 Ave Vignate F-38610 Gieres France

This paper combines two successful techniques from software engineering, aspect-oriented programming and design-by-contract, and applies them in the context of reactive systems. For the aspect language Larissa and contracts expressed with synchronous observers, we show how to apply an aspect asp to a contract C and derive a new contract C', such that for any program P which fulfills C, P with asp fulfills C'. We validate the approach on a medium-sized example.

关键词： aspect-oriented programming Design-by-contract synchronous languages

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