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13th IEEE International Conference on Industrial Informatics (INDIN)

作者： Pereira, Fernando Melo, Arildo Gomes, Luis Univ Nova Lisboa Fac Ciencias & Tecnol Lisbon Portugal ISEL Lisbon Portugal Univ Nova Lisboa CTS Lisbon Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781479966493

This paper presents a new communication architecture to enable the remote control, monitoring and debug of embedded-system controllers designed using IOPT Petri nets. IOPT Petri nets and the related tools (http://***)have been used as a rapid prototyping and development framework, including model-checking, simulation and automatic code generation tools. The new architecture adds remote operation capabilities to the controllers produced by the automatic code generators, enabling quasi-real-time remote debugging and monitoring using the IOPT simulator tool. Furthermore, it enables the creation of graphical user interfaces for remote operation and the development of distributed systems where a Petri net model running on a central system supervises the actions of multiple remote subsystems.

关键词： remote operation Embeddedi Controller Petri nets Code generation debugger graphical user interfaces Controllers automatic coding Distributed Systems rapid prototyping

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Large-Scale Computerized Text Analysis in Political Science: Opportunities and Challenges

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ANNUAL REVIEW OF POLITICAL SCIENCE, VOL 20 2017年第1期20卷 529-544页

作者： Wilkerson, John Casas, Andreu Univ Washington Dept Polit Sci Seattle WA 98195 USA

Text has always been an important data source in political science. What has changed in recent years is the feasibility of investigating large amounts of text quantitatively. The internet provides political scientists with more data than their mentors could have imagined, and the research community is providing accessible text analysis software packages, along with training and support. As a result, text-as-data research is becoming mainstream in political science. Scholars are tapping new data sources, they are employing more diverse methods, and they are becoming critical consumers of findings based on those methods. In this article, we first describe the four stages of a typical text-as-data project. We then review recent political science applications and explore one important methodological challenge-topic model instability-in greater detail.

关键词： text as data automatic coding machine learning computational social sciences

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Criteria and metrics for thresholded AU detection

Criteria and metrics for thresholded AU detection

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IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision (ICCV)

作者： Girard, Jeffrey M. Cohn, Jeffrey F. Univ Pittsburgh Dept Psychol Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781467300636

Implementing a computerized facial expression analysis system for automatic coding requires that a threshold for the system's classifier outputs be selected. However, there are many potential ways to select a threshold. How do different criteria and metrics compare? Manually FACS coded video of 45 clinical interviews (Spectrum dataset) were processed using person-specific active appearance models (AAM). Support vector machine (SVM) classifiers were trained using an independent dataset (RU-FACS). Spectrum sessions were randomly assigned to training (n=32) and testing sets (n=13). Six different threshold selection criteria were compared for automatic AU coding. Three major findings emerged: 1) Thresholds that attempt to balance the confusion matrix (using kappa, F 1, or MCC) performed significantly better on all metrics than thresholds that select arbitrary error or accuracy rates (such as TPR, FPR, or EER). 2) AU detection scores for kappa, F1, and MCC were highly intercorrelated;accuracy was uncorrelated with the others. And 3) Kappa, MCC, and F 1 were all positively correlated with base rate. They increased with increases in AU base rates. Accuracy, by contrast, showed the opposite pattern. It was strongly negatively correlated with base rate. These findings suggest that better automatic coding can be obtained by using threshold-selection criteria that balance the confusion matrix and benefit from increased AU base rates in the training data.

关键词： automatic coding Threshold EXPRESSION ANALYSIS Australia

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Model-checking Framework for Embedded Systems Controllers Development using IOPT Petri Nets

Model-checking Framework for Embedded Systems Controllers De...

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21st IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE)

作者： Pereira, Fernando Moutinho, Filipe Gomes, Luis Univ Nova Lisboa Fac Ciencias & Tecnol P-1200 Lisbon Portugal

ISBN: (纸本)9781467301589

This paper presents a new model-checking framework for embedded systems controllers development using IOPT Petri nets. The new tools, comprehending a state-space generator, a query system and a new automatic code generator, were added to an existing tool framework which already had tools to import and edit controller models, automatic code generators and automatic hardware synthesis tools. The new tools permit the automatic analysis of system properties and the fast detection of errors during early design stages, considerably reducing debug and validation time. All tools share the same Web based user interface, publicly available on the research group Web page (http://***).

关键词： Embedded systems Code generation Model checking Petri nets debugger Controllers automatic analysis automatic coding EQUIPMENT Error detection Frameworks

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automatic Code Tuning for Improving GPU Resource Utilization 2

Automatic Code Tuning for Improving GPU Resource Utilization

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International Symposium on Computing and Networking CANDAR

作者： Takeshima, Ryo Tsumura, Tomoaki Nagoya Inst Technol Showa Ku Nagoya Aichi Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781479941520

Utilizing a GPU to perform general purpose computation is called GPGPU. The high theoretical performance of GPU draws attention to GPGPU. CUDA supplies a platform for the developers of GPU applications. In CUDA programming model, massive threads are allocated to GPU's calculation units. Besides, CUDA has various kinds of memories on GPU. These memories have different features of access latency, capacity, and so on. Therefore, to produce high-performance GPU programs, developers should consider how to allocate the massive threads to cores and which memory should be used for storing data. Hence, developers should have deep understanding of the GPU architecture and CUDA APIs. To address this problem, we propose an auto tuning framework for GPU programs, and explain an implementation of a preprocessor for the framework, in this paper.

关键词： GRAPPER PICK UP Graphics Processing Unit Developers Memory Program processors automatic coding DEVELOPERS Resource utilization core

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automatically analyzing text responses for exploring gender-specific cognitions in PISA reading

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LARGE-SCALE ASSESSMENTS IN EDUCATION 2018年第1期6卷 1页

作者： Zehner, Fabian Goldhammer, Frank Saelzer, Christine Tech Univ Munich Munich Germany German Inst Int Educ Res DIPF Frankfurt Germany Ctr Int Student Assessment ZIB eV Munich Germany Univ Stuttgart Inst Educ Sci & Psychol IfE Stuttgart Germany

Background: The gender gap in reading literacy is repeatedly found in large-scale assessments. This study compared girls'and boys'text responses in a reading test applying natural language processing. For this, a theoretical framework was compiled that allows mapping of response features to the preceding cognitive components such as micro- and macropropositions from the situation model. Methods: In total, n = 33,604 responses from the German sample of the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) 2012 reading test have been analyzed for characterizing the genders'typical cognitive approaches. The analyses mainly explored the gender gap by contrasting groups of responses typical for either gender. These gender-specific responses characterize the typical responding of the genders to PISA reading questions. Results: Responses typical for girls contained three to five more proposition entities from the situation model, irrespective of the response correctness. They integrated more relevant propositions and constituted better fits to the question focus. That means, in answering questions which ask for explicit information from the stimulus text, the typical girl responses appropriately encompassed more micropropositions, and typical boy responses tended to include more macropropositions-vice versa for questions requesting implicit information. Conclusion: It appears that typical boy responses to PISA reading questions are characterized by struggling with retrieving and integrating propositions from the situation model. The typical girl liberally juggles these to formulate the responses. The results demonstrate that text responses are a neglected but informative source for educational large-scale assessments made accessible through natural language processing.

关键词： Gender differences Reading literacy automatic coding Text responses

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Observations on the interaction between coding and efficiency knowledge in the PSI Program Synthesis System 76

Observations on the interaction between coding and efficienc...

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Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Software engineering

作者： David R. Barstow Elaine Kant

This paper discusses how the synthesis phase of the PSI system constructs programs from high level program models by using coding knowledge and efficiency knowledge. In our preliminary implementation, these knowledge bases are separated into distinct modules, the coding expert and the efficiency expert. We describe how the coding expert uses rule-based programming knowledge to produce alternative algorithm and data structure choices, and how the efficiency expert selects the best choice by estimating the costs of the alternatives using analysis of algorithm techniques. Communication between the modules centers around descriptions of partially developed programs which are produced by the coding expert and analyzed by the efficiency expert. Our system has implemented several small programs. From our experience with these modules, we conclude that there is a strong interaction between coding and efficiency knowledge which necessitates a corresponding complexity in the communication mechanism.

关键词： automatic programming automatic coding Interaction of knowledge sources Codification of programming knowledge Program analysis Knowledge-based systems Program synthesis Analysis of algorithms

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Understanding the online relationship between politicians and citizens. A study on the user engagement of politicians' Facebook posts in election and routine periods

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JOURNAL OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY & POLITICS 2023年第1期20卷 44-59页

作者： Peeters, Jeroen Opgenhaffen, Michael Kreutz, Tim Van Aelst, Peter Univ Antwerp Lange Nieuwstr 55 B-2000 Antwerp Belgium Res Grp Media Movements & Polit Antwerp Belgium Katholieke Univ Leuven Inst Media Studies Digital News & Journalism Leuven Belgium Univ Antwerp Computat Linguist Res Grp CLiPS Antwerp Belgium Univ Antwerp Polit Commun Antwerp Belgium

Social media have offered politicians a way to reach a broader audience and citizens a dynamic way to respond and interact with politicians' communication. In this study we focus on how two important dimensions of the social media messages of politicians impact different types of user engagement: the distinction between political and private posts and the degree of emotionality of the post. Additionally, we compare the amount and types of interaction between routine periods and election periods. Supported by automatic data gathering and coding we analyze all Facebook posts of 124 Belgian politicians for a period of more than two years (N = 34,408). Our results indicate that different types of Facebook posts lead to different types of user engagement. Private posts generate more reactions, while political posts are more often shared and commented on. Additionally, Facebook posts with positive, and, negative emotional language garner more interaction than those with less emotionality. Finally, during election campaigns both politicians and citizens are more active. There is a proliferation of the amount of Facebook messages that politicians post, and these messages also score higher on engagement.

关键词： Social media Facebook metrics user engagement political communication automatic coding emotions election campaign machine learning

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Mit :: Summer Session 1954 :: R-233 Comprehensive Summer Session May54