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binary image representation and coding by a double-recursive morphological algorithm

SIGNAL PROCESSING-image COMMUNICATION 1996年第3期8卷 241-266页

作者： Jeannot, R Wang, DM HaeseCoat, V INST NATL SCI APPL LAB ARTISTF-35043 RENNESFRANCE

This paper presents a recursive morphological operation which can be advantageously substituted to classical erosion with an application for image coding. A structuring element is translated over binary image following four scanning modes. The result of the operation, as for classical erosion, corresponds to the centers of the structuring elements which are included in the image objects, but our operation authorizes only a minimal overlap between the translated structuring elements. This minimal overlap needs to take into account previous erosions, so the operation is recursive. It results in a subset of the erosion, containing fewer points than the erosion, but gives a good approximation to image objects. In a second step, operation is extended with a second recursivity level corresponding to structuring element size variation. This new double-recursive morphological algorithm describes an image object, from coarser structures to finer details, by the loci and sizes of the translated structuring elements which are included in the object. This algorithm provides a minimal redundancy shape representation. To evaluate this algorithm in the context of binary image coding, we propose two different techniques for encoding representative points issued from our shape decomposition algorithm. Comparative experimental results with two classical methods (Modified Huffman RLC and TUH code) and also a morphological method (discrete skeleton), expressed in terms of compression ratio, show the good performances of our approach.

关键词： mathematical morphology recursive morphological algorithm shape representation shape decomposition binary image coding

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A Novel Agent-Based Modeling Approach for image coding and Lossless Compression Based on the Wolf-Sheep Predation Model 18th

A Novel Agent-Based Modeling Approach for Image Coding and L...

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18th International Conference on Computational Science (ICCS)

作者： Dhou, Khaldoon Univ Missouri St Louis MO 63121 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9783319937014;9783319937007

In this article, the researcher develops an image coding technique which is based on the wolf-sheep predation model. In the design, images are converted to virtual worlds of sheep, routes and wolves. Wolves in this model wander around searching for sheep while the algorithm tracks their movement. A wolf has seven movements which capture all the directions of the wolf. In addition, the researcher introduces one extra move of the wolf the purpose of which is to provide a shorter string of movements and to enhance the compression ratio. The first coordinates and the movements of the wolf are tracked and recorded. Then, arithmetic coding is applied on the string of movements to further compress it. The algorithm was applied on a set of images and the results were compared with other algorithms in the research community. The experimental results reveal that the size of the compressed string of wolf movements offer a higher reduction in space and the compression ratio is higher than those of many existing compression algorithms including G3, G4, JBIG1, JBIG2 and the recent agent-based model of ant colonies.

关键词： Agent-based modeling Wolf-sheep predation model binary image coding Compression Arithmetic coding

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image coding FOR DIGITIZED LIBRARIES

IMAGE CODING FOR DIGITIZED LIBRARIES

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作者： Omer Nezih Gerek Bilkent University

学位级别：博士

III this thesis, image coding methods for two basic image types are developed under a digitized library framework. The two image types are gray tone or color images, and liinary textual images, which are the digitized image ver sions of text documents. The grciy tone images are encoded using an adaptive subband decomposition followed by zerotree quantizers. The adaptive sub- l)and decomposition filter bank adaptively updates the filter bank coefficients in which the values of one of the subbands is predicted from the other sub- band. It is observed that the adaptive subband decomposition performs better than a regulcir subband decomposition with a fixed filter bank in terms of compression. For the binary textual images, a compression algorithm using binary subband decomposition followed by a textual image compression (TIC) method that exploits the redundancy in repeating characters is developed. The liinary subband decomposition yields binary sub-images, and the TIC method is applied to the low band sub-image. Obtaining binary sub-images improves compression results as well as pattern matching time of the TKJ method. Sim ulation results for l)oth adaptive subband decomposition and multiresolution TIC methods indicate improvements over the methods described in the litera ture.

关键词： Digitized Libraries image Compression Adaptive Siibband Decomposition Textual image Compression binary Subband Decomposition binary image coding Document Retrieval

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Salient points of Q-convex sets

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PATTERN RECOGNITION AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE 2001年第7期15卷 1023-1030页

作者： Daurat, A Ensemble Univ Cezeaux IUT Informat LLAIC1 F-63172 Aubiere France LSIIT F-67400 Illkirch Graffenstaden France

The Q-convexity is a kind of convexity in the discrete plane. This notion has practically the same properties as the usual convexity: an intersection of two Q-convex sets is Q-convex, and the salient points can be defined like the extremal points. Moreover a Q-convex set is characterized by its salient point. The salient points can be generalized to any finite subset of Z(2).

关键词： discrete convexity binary image coding

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Motion compensation method for moving pictures with binary shape

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SIGNAL PROCESSING-image COMMUNICATION 2000年第3期16卷 295-306页

作者： Kadono, S Boon, CS Etoh, M Matsushita Elect Ind Co Ltd Multimedia Dev Ctr Commun Grp Kadoma Osaka 571 Japan

This paper describes a motion compensation method for arbitrarily shaped moving visual objects. To utilise both the inter-frame correlation and the texture-shape correlation, we use macroblock-based motion compensation for binary shape coding as well as texture coding. To efficiently achieve motion compensation for a moving binary shape, we introduce extra motion vectors for the shape coding in addition to the texture motion vectors, where the shape motion vectors are coded by referring to the texture motion vectors. The proposed method can successfully save more than 50% of the number of bits in comparison with the intra-only method. The effectiveness of the proposed method has been established through MPEG4 standardisation activity, and the proposed motion-compensation framework has been adopted by the MPEG-4 visual coding standard (ISO 14496-2). (C) 2000 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： MPEG 4 video coding binary shape binary image coding motion compensation

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MORPHOLOGICAL SHAPE AND REGION DESCRIPTION

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SIGNAL PROCESSING 1991年第1期25卷 91-105页

作者： RONSE, C MACQ, B Laboratoire d'Informatique Théorique Université Libre de Bruxelles Campus Plaine CP 212 Boulevard du Triomphe B-1050 Bruxelles Belgium Laboratoire de Télécommunications Université Catholique de Louvain Place du Levant 3 B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve Belgium

A new algorithm for multiscale description of binary digital regions is given. A region is represented by a growing sequence of subsets approximating it;each approximation is obtained from the previous one by addition of the opening by a structuring element chosen in a finite family. The structuring elements vary in size and shape, and are chosen at each step according to two criteria: largest structuring element size and greatest increment in the size of the approximation. The algorithm satisfies meaningful algebraic properties and converges to a final result in a bounded number of steps. It also allows an economical representation of shape in terms of structuring elements, and so it can be applied in binary image coding.

关键词： REGION DESCRIPTION MATHEMATICAL MORPHOLOGY MORPHOLOGICAL OBJECT REPRESENTATION binary image coding TOGGLES OF OPENINGS IDEMPOTENCE CONDENSATION

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Subband domain coding of binary textual images for document archiving

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON image PROCESSING 1999年第10期8卷 1438-1446页

作者： Gerek, ON Çetin, AE Tewfik, AH Atalay, V Bilkent Univ Dept Elect Engn TR-06533 Ankara Turkey Univ Minnesota Dept Elect Engn Minneapolis MN 55455 USA Middle E Tech Univ Dept Comp Engn TR-06531 Ankara Turkey

In this work, a subband domain textual image compression method is developed. The document image is first decomposed into subimages using binary subband decompositions. Next, the character locations in the subbands and the symbol library consisting of the character images are encoded, The method is suitable for keyword search in the compressed data. It is observed that very high compression ratios are obtained with this method. Simulation studies are presented.

关键词： binary image coding binary subband decomposition document retrieval textual image compression

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Intrusion Detection System for In-Vehicle CAN-FD Bus ID Based on GAN Model

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IEEE ACCESS 2024年 12卷 82402-82412页

作者： Wang, Xu Xu, Yihu Xu, Yinan Wang, Ziyi Wu, Yujing Yanbian Univ Coll Engn Yanji 133002 Peoples R China Yanbian Univ Yanji 133002 Peoples R China

The growing abundance of electronic control units and peripheral devices loaded and connected to smart connected cars has resulted in a constant stream of cyber-attacks at various levels and dimensions. The CAN-FD bus plays a crucial role in smart connected cars. Currently, the majority of research efforts remain centered around the traditional CAN bus, with fewer studies addressing intrusion detection for the CAN-FD bus in smart connected vehicles. CAN-FD boasts a notable improvement in transmission speed, capable of reaching up to 8 Mbps compared to the 1 Mbps of the standard CAN bus. Utilizing intrusion detection systems designed for the CAN bus in high-speed CAN-FD applications could potentially hinder normal transmission and detection efficiency. Hence, we focus on the attack and intrusion detection of CAN-FD bus ID nodes to prevent unauthorized access and potential malicious attacks. We propose an ID intrusion detection system based on an improved Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) model, which consists of two parts: a data pre-processing module and a detection module. To apply the GAN model to the vehicle bus, we perform pre-processing of the bus data. We introduce the concept of dual discriminator to improve the detection rate and enable the handling of unknown attacks. With the output of dual discriminator, we can determine whether there are any anomalies in the detection data. First, we use a data pre-processing module to convert the ID segments of the automobile CAN-FD into binary image encoding to form ID images. Subsequently, these ID images are fed into an ID image feature extractor in the detection module to extract various auxiliary features. The discriminator receives these auxiliary features and calculates the probability of whether the received image is a normal ID image or not to determine the authenticity of the ID image. The experimental results show that the proposed intrusion detection system is able to detect a message within 0.15 ms, whic

关键词： binary image coding CAN-FD dual discriminator generative adversarial network (GAN) ID image feature extractor network security

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A hybrid 2-3-3 bits-based image encoding scheme

A hybrid 2-3-3 bits-based image encoding scheme

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6th IEEE International Symposium on Signal Processing and Information Technology

作者： Zahir, Saif Chowdhury, Rejaul Univ Northern British Columbia Dept Comp Sci Prince George BC V2N 4Z9 Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9780780397538

In this paper, we present a hybrid 2-3-3 bits based encoding scheme for gray scale images. In this scheme, the gray scale image is converted to its equivalent 8-binary maps. We employ our lossless block coding technique along with a two dimensional information preserving skip-line routine on the two most significant binary maps. Then, we apply our lossy block coding technique along with a lossy skip-line routine to the next three binary maps. Finally, the three least significant binary maps are set to zero. We tested this scheme on a large set of images of different sizes and applications. The simulation results show that the proposed scheme outperformed the standard JPEG compression in most of the cases while maintained high SNR values.

关键词： block coding sparse data compression image compression binary image coding

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Contour Chain-coding and Topological Hierarchy Analysis in a 2x3 Window Single-Pass Raster Scan

Contour Chain-Coding and Topological Hierarchy Analysis in a...

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36th International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP)

作者： Scheffler, Marco Schumacher, Frank Greiner, Thomas Pforzheim Univ MERSES Ctr Appl Res Pforzheim Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781479904020;9781479904037

This paper presents a fast and effective method for generating chain-encoded representations of arbitrary contours of connected regions in a binary image. Furthermore, an optional method is presented allowing the additional concurrent extraction of the topological hierarchy tree within the image. Both parts of the algorithm are executed by means of a single raster scan with a 2x3 neighborhood convolution window. This not only allows the reduction of the pixel buffer to a single image line, it furthermore enables fast neighborhood evaluation by means of a moderately sized look-up-table with 64 entries, to be directly addressed by the six pixel in window focus. With these main characteristics, the algorithm is well suited for efficient parallel processing implementations in streaming applications.

关键词： binary image coding boundary extraction chain coding topological analysis trees

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