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A spatio-temporal concealment technique using boundary matching algorithm and mesh-based warping (BMA-MBW)

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA 2001年第3期3卷 326-338页

作者： Atzori, L De Natale, FGB Perra, C Univ Cagliari Dept Elect & Elect Engn I-09123 Cagliari Italy Univ Trent Dept Biophys & Elect Engn I-38050 Trent Italy Univ Cagliari Dept Elect & Elect Engn I-09123 Cagliari Italy

The transmission of block-coded visual information over packet networks introduces fidelity problems in terms of data losses, which result in wrong reconstruction of block sequences at the decoder. Concealment techniques aim at masking the visual effect of these errors, by exploiting either spatial or temporal available information. Both temporal and spatial approaches present drawbacks: the first is in general inefficient in handling complex or fast objects' motion, while the second is computationally expensive and is not able to recover high-frequency contents and small details. In this paper, a new solution is proposed that combines temporal and spatial approaches. The technique first replaces the lost block with the best matching pattern in a previously decoded frame (BMA), using the border information, and then applies a mesh-based warping (MBW) that reduces the artifacts caused by fast movements, rotations or deformations. The first step is achieved by a fast matching algorithm, for a high precision is not needed, while the second step uses an affine transform applied to a deformable mesh structure. Experimental results show that significant improvements can be achieved in comparison with traditional spatial or temporal concealment approaches, in terms of both subjective and objective reconstruction quality.

关键词： affine transform boundary matching algorithm mesh-based processing spatial and temporal concealment video concealment

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Video error concealment with outer and inner boundary matching algorithms

Video error concealment with outer and inner boundary matchi...

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Conference on Applications of Digital Image Processing XXX

作者： Thaipanich, Tanaphol Wu, Ping-Hao Kuo, C. -C. Jay Univ So Calif Ming Hsieh Dept Elect Engn Los Angeles CA 90089 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9780819468444

Low-complexity error concealment techniques for missing macroblock (MB) recovery in mobile video delivery based on the boundary matching principle is extensively studied and evaluated in this work. We first examine the boundary matching algorithm (BMA) and the outer boundary matching algorithm (OBMA) due to their excellent trade-off in complexity and visual quality. Their good performance is explained, and additional experiments are given to identify their strengths and weaknesses. Then, two more extensions of OBMA are presented. One is obtained by extending the search pattern for performance improvement at the cost of additional complexity. The other is based on the use of multiple overlapped outer boundary layers.

关键词： error concealment wireless video mobile video boundary matching algorithm outer boundary matching algorithm H.264

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Weighted boundary matching Error Concealment for HEVC Using Block Partition Decisions 48

Weighted Boundary Matching Error Concealment for HEVC Using ...

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48h Asilomar Conference on Signals, Systems and Computers

作者： Peng, Yan-Tsung Cosman, Pamela C. Univ Calif San Diego Dept Elect & Comp Engn La Jolla CA 92093 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781479982974

We propose a weighted boundary matching error concealment method for HEVC. It uses block partition decisions to improve a common block matching algorithm that finds blocks with the best matched boundaries from the previous frame to conceal the currently corrupted blocks. The block partition decisions from the co-located block of the corrupted one are exploited. For each partition, a summed boundary weight is computed;the one with the highest weight is chosen to be concealed next. Experimental results show the proposed method performs better than conventional error concealment methods objectively and subjectively.

关键词： Temporal error concealment boundary matching algorithm HEVC (High efficiency video coding) block partitions

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A NOVEL WEIGHTED boundary matching ERROR CONCEALMENT SCHEMA FOR HEVC 25

A NOVEL WEIGHTED BOUNDARY MATCHING ERROR CONCEALMENT SCHEMA ...

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25th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP)

作者： Xu, Jiajun Jiang, Wei Yan, Chuan Peng, Qiang Wu, Xiao Southwest Jiaotong Univ Sch Informat Sci & Technol Chengdu 611756 Sichuan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781479970612

In this paper, a novel weighted boundary matching error concealment schema for HEVC is proposed, which is based on the CU depths and PU partitions in reference frame. Firstly, the information of CU depths in reference frames is used for lost slices. For each LCU in a lost slice, the LCUs surrounding to the co-located LCU are used to calculate summed CU-depth weight, which is used to determine the conceal order of each CU. Then, the co-located partition decision from the reference frame is adopted for PUs in each lost CU. The sequence of PUs to conceal is sorted based on the texture randomness index weight and the PU with the largest weight will be concealed next. Finally, the best estimated motion vector for the lost PU is selected for concealment. The experimental results show that our method achieves higher PSNR gains and has a better visual quality than the state-of-the-art methods.

关键词： HEVC CU depths PU partitions error concealment boundary matching algorithm

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Recovering Connected Error Region Based on Adaptive Error Concealment Order Determination

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA 2009年第4期11卷 683-695页

作者： Qian, Xueming Liu, Guizhong Wang, Huan Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Elect & Informat Engn Xian 710049 Peoples R China

Parts of compressed video streams may be lost or corrupted when being transmitted over bandwidth limited networks and wireless communication networks with error-prone channels. Error concealment (EC) techniques are often adopted at the decoder side to improve the quality of the reconstructed video. Under the conditions of a high rate of data packets that arrives at the decoder corrupted, it is likely that the incorrectly decoded macro-blocks (MBs) are concentrated in a connected region, where important spatial reference information is lost. The conventional EC methods usually carry out the block concealment following a lexicographic scan (from top to bottom and from left to right of the image), which would make the methods ineffective for the case that the corrupted blocks are grouped in a connected region. In this paper, a temporal error concealment method, adaptive error concealment order determination (AECOD), is proposed to recover connected corrupted regions. The processing order of an MB in a connected corrupted region is adaptively determined by analyzing the external boundary patterns of the MBs in its neighborhood. The performances, on several video sequences, of the proposed EC scheme have been compared with those obtained by using other error concealment methods reported in the literature. Experimental results show that the AECOD algorithm can improve the recovery performance with respect to the other considered EC methods.

关键词： boundary matching algorithm error concealment error concealment order determination external boundary pattern H.264 packet loss video transmission

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Robust error concealment for visual communications in burst-packet-loss networks

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 2003年第4期49卷 1013-1019页

作者： Pyun, JY Lee, JS Jeong, JW Jeong, JH Ko, SJ Korea Univ Dept Elect Engn Seoul 136701 South Korea

Compressed video sequences are very vulnerable to channel disturbances when they are transmitted through the burst-packet-loss networks such as a wireless channel. An effective solution for packet loss is to perform concealment at the receiver. Most of the spatial and/or temporal concealment methods estimate the true motion vector (W) associated with a missing block by using the MVs of adjacent blocks. However, these methods can not conceal effectively the missing blocks, since the neighboring blocks can be easily lost by the burst packet losses destroying a large area of coded video. In this paper, we present a robust error concealment method of estimating the true MV of the missing block by using the bidirectional motion tracking technique within neighboring frames of a damaged frame. This motion tracking technique uses the linear trajectory feature of the image block in the forward and backward prediction directions. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm has superior subjective and objective video quality than conventional error concealment Methods in the burst-packet-loss environments.

关键词： error concealment boundary matching algorithm motion tracking motion vector

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Error concealment for the transmission of H.264/AVC-compressed 3D video in color plus depth format

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JOURNAL OF VISUAL COMMUNICATION AND IMAGE REPRESENTATION 2015年 32卷 237-245页

作者： Lie, Wen-Nung Lin, Guan-Hua Natl Chung Cheng Univ Dept Elect Engn Chiayi 621 Taiwan Natl Chung Cheng Univ Adv Inst Mfg High Tech Innovat AIM HI Chiayi 621 Taiwan

An error concealment method for the transmission of 3D video in color/depth dual stream format (i.e., separately encoded) is proposed. We consider frame losses of color or depth along error-prone channels. Based on motion vector extrapolation from previous decoded frames, lost frames can be reconstructed. Specifically, the received information of one kind (color or depth) is intensively used when recovering a lost frame of the other kind. Our contributions come from classification of blocks into different kinds for different processing, joint color/depth matching, and shape-adaptive motion compensation. According to experiments, our proposed method, against traditional MV extrapolation (for color) and MV sharing (for depth) schemes, has shown distinctive gains in both color and depth. Our algorithm is effective in retaining integrity and smoothness of object boundaries, which is important to view synthesis for 3D display. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Error concealment Frame loss 3DTV 3D video transmission Color plus depth H.264/AVC Motion vector extrapolation boundary matching algorithm

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Motion Vector Recovery for Video Error Concealment by Using Iterative Dynamic-Programming Optimization

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MULTIMEDIA 2014年第1期16卷 216-227页

作者： Lie, Wen-Nung Lee, Chang-Ming Yeh, Chung-Hua Gao, Zhi-Wei Natl Chung Cheng Univ Dept Elect Engn Chiayi Taiwan Natl Chung Cheng Univ Adv Inst Mfg High Tech Innovat AIM HI Chiayi Taiwan Natl Chung Cheng Univ Dept Commun Engn Chiayi Taiwan TECO Grp Res Inst Taipei 115 Taiwan

This paper proposes an error concealment technique for video transmission, focusing on motion vector (MV) recovery for both inter-and intra-coded frames, to improve video quality at decoder when video bit stream data incur transmission errors. The proposed algorithm considers slice (i.e., a row of macroblocks (MBs)) errors and uses DP (Dynamic Programming) optimization technique to estimate the lost MVs in a global manner, differing from the traditional boundary matching algorithm (BMA) and others that recover MVs independently for individual MBs in an erroneous slice. We also propose an iterative DP process based on 8 x 8 pixels blocks to resolve finer motions (for 8 x 8, 8 x 16, and 16 x 8 pixels blocks) that will aid in the enhancement of reconstruction quality. Experiment results show that our algorithm outperforms the well-known BMA by up to 7.28 dB and the DMVE and another prior work by Qian et al. by up to 1.0 dB at a packet loss rate of 15%. Subjective evaluation shows that our algorithm is especially promising in preserving line/curve features and motion details.

关键词： boundary matching algorithm dynamic programming error concealment

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VIDEO ERROR CONCEALMENT BY USING ITERATIVE DYNAMIC-PROGRAMMING OPTIMIZATION

VIDEO ERROR CONCEALMENT BY USING ITERATIVE DYNAMIC-PROGRAMMI...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Lie, Wen-Nung Yeh, Chung-Hua Gao, Zhi-Wei Natl Chung Cheng Univ Dept Elect Engn Chiayi 621 Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424479948

This paper addresses an error concealment technique, focusing on motion vector (MV) recovery for inter-coded frames, to improve video quality at decoder when video bit stream data are incurred transmission errors. The proposed algorithm considers slice (i.e., a row of macroblocks (MBs)) errors and uses DP (Dynamic Programming) optimization technique to estimate the lost MVs in a combined manner, differing from the traditional boundary matching algorithm (BMA) which recovers MV independently for each erroneous MB. We also consider MV recovery for blocks of 8x8, 8x16, and 16x8 pixels (rather than 16x16 pixels MBs only) and apply an iterative DP process to refine the estimated results. Experimental results show that our algorithm outperforms the well-known BMA by up to 1.36 dB in PSNR and a newly published algorithm [8] by up to 0.56 dB at a pack loss rate of up to 15%. Subjective evaluation shows that our algorithm takes the advantages of moderate speed and accurate recovery of contiguous line/curve features in images.

关键词： Error concealment dynamic programming boundary matching algorithm

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An Adaptive Spatial-Temporal Error Concealment Scheme Based on H.264/AVC 1

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5th International Conference on Electronics, Communications and Networks (CECNet)

作者： Yang, Dan Liu, Tao Liu, San-Min Chen, Fu-Chun Anhui Polytech Univ Key Lab Comp Applicat Technol Wuhu Anhui Peoples R China

ISBN: (数字)9789811007408

ISBN: (纸本)9789811007408;9789811007385

When audio-video is in the process of wireless transmission, it is prone to losing packets. As a solution, this paper presents an adaptive spatial-temporal error concealment scheme based on H.264/AVC. It can adaptively select the spatial error or temporal error concealment on the basis of change in the surroundings, in which temporal error finds the best motion vectors with the spatial-temporal boundary matching, and spatial error concealment switches between the weighted average method and improved directional interpolation. Experimental results indicate good performance of the proposed scheme for error concealment.

关键词： Multi directional interpolation Error concealment boundary matching algorithm

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