The buffer allocation problem for closed finite queueing networks is a nonlinear integer programming problem which is -Hard. A queueing network decomposition methodology based upon a mean value analysis algorithm is c...
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The buffer allocation problem for closed finite queueing networks is a nonlinear integer programming problem which is -Hard. A queueing network decomposition methodology based upon a mean value analysis algorithm is coupled with a nonlinear sequential quadratic programming algorithm to compute the simultaneous optimal buffer allocations and network population via a branch-and-bound scheme for various network topologies. The joint optimisation problem is essentially multi-objective where the decision variable on the population will be treated as a constraint linking the buffer allocation and the throughput which is to be maximised. The fact that the optimisation problem is a concave programming problem assists in the search for an optimal solution. The material handling or transportation system for transferring the finite customer population between the nodes in the network is also examined. Extensive numerical results demonstrate the efficacy of the optimisation methodology.
Given any integers a,b,c, and d with a 〉 1, c ≥ 0, b ≥ a+c, and d ≥ b + c, the notion of (a, b, c, d)-Koszul algebra is introduced, which is another class of standard graded algebras with "nonpure" resolutio...
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Given any integers a,b,c, and d with a 〉 1, c ≥ 0, b ≥ a+c, and d ≥ b + c, the notion of (a, b, c, d)-Koszul algebra is introduced, which is another class of standard graded algebras with "nonpure" resolutions, and includes many Artin-Schelter regular algebras of low global dimension as specific examples. Some basic properties of (a, b, c, d)-Koszul algebras/modules are given, and several criteria for a standard graded algebra to be (a, b, c, d)- Koszul are provided.
We have developed a new synthesis method that includes a chemical vapor deposition process in a chamber settled in organic liquid, and applied its nonequilibrium reaction field to the development of novel carbon nanom...
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We have developed a new synthesis method that includes a chemical vapor deposition process in a chamber settled in organic liquid, and applied its nonequilibrium reaction field to the development of novel carbon nanomaterials. In the synthesis at 1110-1120 K, using graphene oxide as a catalyst support, iron acetate and cobalt acetate as catalyst precursors, and 2-propanol as a carbon source as well as the organic liquid, we succeeded to create carbon nanofiber composed of novel pot-shaped units, named carbon nanopot. A carbon nanopot has a complex and regular nanostructure consisting of several parts made of different layer numbers of graphene and a deep hollow space. Dense graphene edges, hydroxylated presumably, are localized around its closed end. The typical size of a carbon nanopot was 20-40 nm in outer diameter, 5-30 nm in inner diameter, and 100-200 nm in length. A growth model of carbon nanopot and its applications are proposed.
Tests of discrete symmetry violation have played an important role in understanding the structure of weak interactions in the Standard Model of particle physics. Historically, these measurements have been extensively ...
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Tests of discrete symmetry violation have played an important role in understanding the structure of weak interactions in the Standard Model of particle physics. Historically, these measurements have been extensively performed in experiments with large samples of K and B mesons. A high luminosity τ-charm facility presents physicists with the opportunity to comprehensively explore discrete symmetry violation and test the Standard Model using τ leptons, charm mesons, and charmed baryons. This paper discusses several possible measurements for a future T-charm factory.
Objective:To investigate the effect of diminazene aceturale(DA) alone or in combination with either levamisole and/or Vitamin c in albino rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei ***:Thirty adult male albi...
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Objective:To investigate the effect of diminazene aceturale(DA) alone or in combination with either levamisole and/or Vitamin c in albino rats experimentally infected with Trypanosoma brucei ***:Thirty adult male albino rats,randomly assigned into 6 groups(A—F) of 5rats each were *** were either infected with 1×10~a trypanosomes intraperitoneally(groups A-E) or uninfected(group F).The different groups were treated respectively as follows:group A-with 3.5 mg/kg DA;group B-3.5 mg/kg DA and 7.5 mg/kg levamisole;group c-3.S mg/kg DA and 100 mg/kg vitamin c;and group D-3.S mg/kg DA and 7.S mg/kg levamisole and 100 mg/kg vitamin *** E was left *** assessed include:rectal temperature,body weight changes,packed cell volume(PcV),Haemoglobin concentration(Hb),total leucocyte count(TLc) differential leucocyte count(DLc),parasitaemia,clinical signs and ***:Average pre-patent period of 5 days was *** in the blood were cleared in all treated groups(A-D) within 48 hours post treatment(PT).Untreated rats in group E died between25 and 32 days post infection(PI).Relapse was not recorded in all the treated groups(A-D).The initial reduction in PcV,Hb,TLc and increases in rectal temperature following infection were reversed by the *** rats that received drug combinations(groups B,c and D)showed faster and higher recovery rates than the uninfected control and group ***:Levamisole and/or Vitamin ccombination with DA were more effective in the treatment of rats infected with Trypanosoma brucei brucei.
Integrin-signaling complexes play important roles in cytoskeletal organization and cell adhesion in many species. components of the integrin-signaling complex have been linked to aging in both caenorhabditis elegans a...
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Integrin-signaling complexes play important roles in cytoskeletal organization and cell adhesion in many species. components of the integrin-signaling complex have been linked to aging in both caenorhabditis elegans and Drosophila melanogaster, but the mechanism underlying this function is unknown. Here, we investigated the role of integrin-linked kinase (ILK), a key component of the integrin-signaling complex, in lifespan determination. We report that genetic reduction of ILK in both c. elegans and Drosophila increased resistance to heat stress, and led to lifespan extension in c. elegans without majorly affecting cytoskeletal integrity. In c. elegans, longevity and thermotolerance induced by ILK depletion was mediated by heat-shock factor-1 (HSF-1), a major transcriptional regulator of the heat-shock response (HSR). Reduction in ILK levels increased hsf-1 transcription and activation, and led to enhanced expression of a subset of genes with roles in the HSR. Moreover, induction of HSR-related genes, longevity and thermotolerance caused by ILK reduction required the thermosensory neurons AFD and interneurons AIY, which are known to play a critical role in the canonical HSR. Notably, ILK was expressed in neighboring neurons, but not in AFD or AIY, implying that ILK reduction initiates cell nonautonomous signaling through thermosensory neurons to elicit a noncanonical HSR. Our results thus identify HSF-1 as a novel effector of the organismal response to reduced ILK levels and show that ILK inhibition regulates HSF-1 in a cell nonautonomous fashion to enhance stress resistance and lifespan in ***.
Background:The capacity for thermogenesis is considered part of an animal's adaptive strategy for survival,and basal metabolic rate(BMR) is one of the fundamental physiological standards for assessing the energy c...
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Background:The capacity for thermogenesis is considered part of an animal's adaptive strategy for survival,and basal metabolic rate(BMR) is one of the fundamental physiological standards for assessing the energy cost of thermoregulation in *** has been shown to be a highly flexible phenotypic trait both between,and within,species,but the metabolic mechanisms involved in the regulation of BMR,which range from variation in organ mass to biochemical adjustments,remain *** this study,we investigated the relationship between organ mass,biochemical markers of metabolic tissue activity,and thermogenesis,in three species of small passerines:wild Bramblings(Fringilla montifringilla),Little Buntings(Emberiza pusilla) and Eurasian Tree Sparrows(Passer montanus),caught in Wenzhou,southeastern ***:Oxygen consumption was measured using an open-circuit respirometry *** state-4 respiration and cytochrome c oxidase(cOX) activity in liver and pectoral muscle were measured with a clark ***:Our results show that Eurasian Tree Sparrows had significantly higher BMR,digestive organ mass,mitochondrial state-4 respiration capacity and cOX activity in liver and muscle,than Bramblings and Little ***,interspecific differences in BMR were strongly correlated with those indigestive tract mass,state-4 respiration and cOX ***:Our findings suggest that the digestive organ mass,state-4 respiration and cOX activity play an important role in determining interspecific differences in BMR.
In this paper, we analyze vertical ExB drifts obtained from the Doppler shifts of the daytime 150km radar echoes from two radar stations located off the magnetic equator, namely, Gadanki in India and Kototabang in Ind...
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In this paper, we analyze vertical ExB drifts obtained from the Doppler shifts of the daytime 150km radar echoes from two radar stations located off the magnetic equator, namely, Gadanki in India and Kototabang in Indonesia, and compare those with corresponding coupled Ion Neutral Dynamics Investigation (cINDI) observations onboard the c/NOFS satellite and the Scherliess-Fejer model in an effort to understand to what extent the low-latitude vertical ExB drifts of the 150km region represent the F region vertical ExB drifts. The radar observations were made during 9-16 LT in January, June, July, and December 2009. A detailed comparison reveals that vertical ExB drifts observed by the radars at both locations agree well with those of cINDI and differ remarkably from those of the model. Importantly, the model and observed drifts show large disagreement when the observed drifts are either large or downward. Further, while the cINDI as well as the radar observations from the two longitudes are found to agree with each other on the average, they differ remarkably on several occasions when compared on a one-to-one basis. The observed difference in detail is due to measurements made in different volumes linked with latitudinal and/or longitudinal differences and underlines the role of neutral dynamics linked with tides and gravity waves in the two longitude sectors on the respective vertical ExB drifts. The results presented here are the first of their kind and are expected to have wider applications in furthering our understanding on fine-scale longitudinal variabilities in the ionosphere in general and ionospheric electrodynamics in the Indian and Indonesian sectors in particular.
Mutations in the Lamin A/c gene may cause atrioventricular block, supraventricular arrhythmias, ventricular arrhythmias (VA), and dilated cardiomyopathy. We aimed to explore the predictors and the mechanisms of VA in ...
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Mutations in the Lamin A/c gene may cause atrioventricular block, supraventricular arrhythmias, ventricular arrhythmias (VA), and dilated cardiomyopathy. We aimed to explore the predictors and the mechanisms of VA in Lamin A/c mutation-positive subjects. We included 41 Lamin A/c mutation-positive subjects. PR-interval and occurrence of VA were recorded. Left ventricular (LV) myocardial function was assessed as ejection fraction and speckle tracking longitudinal strain by echocardiography. Magnetic resonance imaging was performed to assess fibrosis in a selection of subjects. Ventricular arrhythmias were documented in 21 patients (51). Prolonged PR-interval was the best predictor of VA (P 0.001). Myocardial function by strain was reduced in the interventricular septum compared with the rest of the LV segments (16.7 vs. 18.7, P 0.001) and correlated to PR-interval (R 0.41, P 0.03). Myocardial fibrosis was found exclusively in the interventricular septum and only in patients with VA (P 0.007). PR-interval was longer in patients with septal fibrosis compared with those without (320 66 vs. 177 40 ms, P 0.001). Prolonged PR-interval was the best predictor of VA in Lamin A/c mutation-positive subjects. Electrical, mechanical, and structural cardiac properties were related in these subjects. Myocardial function was most reduced in the interventricular septum and correlated to prolonged PR-interval. Myocardial septal fibrosis was associated with prolonged PR-interval and VA. Localized fibrosis in the interventricular septum may be the mechanism behind reduced septal function, atrioventricular block and VA in Lamin A/c mutation-positive subjects.
A method of picking up carbon nanotubes (cNTs) from nanotube bulk by van der Waals force inside a scanning electron microscopy is presented. An atomic force microscope cantilever was employed as end effector of nanoro...
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A method of picking up carbon nanotubes (cNTs) from nanotube bulk by van der Waals force inside a scanning electron microscopy is presented. An atomic force microscope cantilever was employed as end effector of nanorobotics manipulators for cNT picking up. A manipulation strategy was established by analysing the van der Waals force of three different types of contacting models. Three groups of experiments were designed and carried out to investigate the effects of different factors. Factors including pickup angle, pickup contact area between the cNT and the cantilever and pickup speed of the end effector were discussed. The results shown that a pickup angle at 90.1 degrees and a pickup speed lower than 10 nm/step with a pickup contact length more than 1.5 mu m would increase the probability of picking up cNT successfully.
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