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The long-standing history ofcorynebacterium parvum, immunity, and viruses

JOURNAL OF MEDIcAL VIROLOGY 2020年第11期92卷 2429-2439页

作者： Palmieri, Beniamino Vadala, Maria Roncati, Luca Garelli, Andrea Scandone, Francesco Bondi, Moreno cermelli, claudio Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia Med Sch Surg Clin Dept Gen Surg & Surg Specialties Modena Italy Second Opin Med Network Clin Res Dept Via Ciro Bisi 125 I-41124 Modena Italy Univ Hosp Modena Dept Pathol Modena Italy Tor Vergatas Univ Dept Plast & Reconstruct Surg Rome Italy AUSL Anesthesiol & Reanimat Dept Avellino Italy Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia Dept Life Sci Modena Italy Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia Dent Dept Morphol Sci Related Transplant Oncol & Modena Italy

We report a review of all the experimental and clinical studies performed in the last 60 years on the antiviral activity of inactivatedcorynebacterium parvum (cutibacterium acnes). This bacterium has been originally investigated and used for its oncolytic properties linked to immunomodulating activity, but the interest to successfully prevent and treat bacterial, fungal, and viral infections and lethality, uprising the innate immunity barriers produced many experimental models and very few clinical studies. The dramatic defenseless situation due to impending coViD-19 pandemic claims to exhume and highlight this aspecific strategy in preventive and therapeutic settings;as a matter of fact, no new or mutated virus can potentially escape to this strong innate immune surveillance strengthened by adequatec. parvumprotocols.

关键词： c parvum coronavirus immune responses immunomodulation innate immunity

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climate-driven shifts in kelp forest composition reduce carbon sequestration potential

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GLOBAL cHANGE BIOLOGY 2022年第18期28卷 5514-5531页

作者： Wright, Luka Seamus Pessarrodona, Albert Foggo, Andy Univ Plymouth Marine Biol & Ecol Res Ctr Plymouth Devon England Univ Western Australia Oceans Inst Perth WA Australia

The potential contribution of kelp forests to blue carbon sinks is currently of great interest but interspecific variance has received no attention. In the temperate Northeast Atlantic, kelp forest composition is changing due to climate-driven poleward range shifts of cold temperate Laminaria digitata and Laminaria hyperborea and warm temperate Laminaria ochroleuca. To understand how this might affect the carbon sequestration potential (cSP) of this ecosystem, we quantified interspecific differences in carbon export and decomposition alongside changes in detrital photosynthesis and biochemistry. We found that while warm temperate kelp exports up to 71% more carbon per plant, it decomposes up to 155% faster than its boreal congeners. Elemental stoichiometry and polyphenolic content cannot fully explain faster carbon turnover, which may be attributable to contrasting tissue toughness or unknown biochemical and structural defenses. Faster decomposition causes the detrital photosynthetic apparatus of L. ochroleuca to be overwhelmed 20 days after export and lose integrity after 36 days, while detritus of cold temperate species maintains carbon assimilation. Depending on the photoenvironment, detrital photosynthesis could further exacerbate interspecific differences in decomposition via a potential positive feedback loop. Through compositional change such as the predicted prevalence of L. ochroleuca, ocean warming may therefore reduce the cSP of such temperate marine forests.

关键词： biogeography carbon budget uncertainty carbon flux climate change c N decay degradation ecophysiology erosion photophysiology

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cOMPLEMENT REcEPTORS - SPEcIFIc DETEcTION BY MOLEcULAR cOMPLEXES

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JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGIcAL METHODS 1978年第2-3期19卷 227-234页

作者： cOSSMAN, J GLORIOSO, Jc ADLER, R UNIV MICHIGAN SCH MED DEPT PATHOL LAB ANIM MED UNIT ANN ARBOR MI 48104 USA UNIV MICHIGAN SCH MED DEPT HUMAN GENET ANN ARBOR MI 48104 USA

Immune complexes of BSA[bovine serum albumin]-anti BSA (Ig[immunoglobulin]G F(ab'')2) will activate human complement [c] by the alternate pathway. The c3 bound to these complexes binds to human peripheral blood mononuclear cells which bear c receptors. This interaction is visualized by fluoresceinated antigen (BSA-FITc [fluorescein isothiocyanate]) or fluorescein conjugated antisera directed at c3. The assay appears to be more sensitive than the usual IgMEAc [erythrocyte, IgM antibody, c] rosette technique and correlates well with the rosette method.

关键词： BSA bovine serum albumin c complement c-Mo mouse complement c-Hu human complement NHS normal human serum c3 third component of complement c4 fourth component of complement BSA-F(ab′)2-c antigen-antibody-complement complex in which the antibody is rabbit anti-BSA IgG F(ab′)2 fraction AgAbc antigen-antibody-complement complex FITc fluorescein isothiocyanate SRBc sheep erythrocyte IgMEAc SRBc sensitized with IgM antibody and complement.

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characterization of Pseudomonas viridiflava isolates associated with a new leaf spot disease in cichorium species

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JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY 2022年第3期104卷 1061-1070页

作者： Trantas, Emmanouil A. Malliarakis, Dimitris Mpalantinaki, Evaggelia E. Pagoulatou, Marianthi G. Markakis, Emmanouil A. Ververidis, Filippos Goumas, Dimitrios E. Hellen Mediterranean Univ Sch Agr Sci Dept Agr Lab Biol & Biotechnol Applicat Iraklion 71004 Greece Hellen Mediterranean Univ Univ Res Ctr Inst Agrifood & Life Sci Iraklion 71410 Greece Hellen Agr Org DIMITRA Dept Viticulture Vegetable Crops Floriculture & P Lab Mycol Inst Olive Tree Subtrop Crops & Viticulture Iraklion 71307 Greece

common chicory (cichorium intybus L.) as well as the spiny chicory (cichorium spinosum L.) or "stamnagathi" in Greek, a bitter-sweet wild green, are two vegetables belonging to the Asteraceae family. Both species are commercially cultivated in outdoor fields and in greenhouses in various regions of Greece and particularly in crete. During the years, 2014 and 2015 severe damage occurred in crops of c. intybus and c. spinosum in crete. Typical symptoms in affected plants were marginal spots and lesions on leaves, and leaf blight. Initially, lesions appeared as water-soaked that later became brown, dry and papery, usually surrounded by a thin yellow halo or a brown to black border. Spots were gradually expanded and coalesced each other causing the blight of the leaves and finally the necrosis of the whole plant. In some cases, the diseased incidence reached 20 to 30% causing a significant reduction in yield and marketability of the product. The study of morphological, physiological and biochemical traits of the isolates as well as the pathogenicity tests indicated that the isolated bacteria belonged to group II of LOPAT discriminative tests, which contain the strains of Pseudomonas viridiflava. The phylogenetic analysis based on the B subunit of the gyrase gene (gyrB), and the amplification of a species-specific fragment confirmed P. viridiflava as the causal agent of the disease. This is the first record of the bacterium P. viridiflava as a pathogen of the common chicory in Greece as well as the spiny chicory worldwide. The disease can result in severe crop losses;hence, effective management practices should be investigated and applied.

关键词： Pseudomonas viridiflava Phylogenetic analysis Bacterial disease cichorium intybus c spinosum

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cOMPLEXITY AND cONTENT OF THE DNA AND RNA IN TRYPANOSOMA-cRUZI

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MOLEcULAR AND BIOcHEMIcAL PARASITOLOGY 1981年第5期3卷 327-341页

作者： LANAR, DE LEVY, LS MANNING, JE UNIV CALIF IRVINE DEPT DEV & CELL BIOL IRVINE CA 92717 USA

The content and sequence complexity of the nuclear DNA and messenger RNA for epimastigotes of T. cruzi were determined. From analysis of nuclear DNA reassociation studies and microspectrofluorometric measurements of laser induced fluorescence of cellular DNA, T. cruzi is found to be a diploid organism with a nuclear DNA content of 2.5 .times. 108 nucleotide pairs (2.8 .times. 10-13 g) and a kinetoplast DNA content of 4.9 .times. 107 nucleotide pairs (5.4 .times. 10-14 g). Reassociation kinetics of nuclear DNA of average length of 0.4 kb reveals 3 kinetic components: a moderately repetitive component with a reiteration frequency of 5.1 .times. 103 present in 9% of the fragments, a lowly repetitive component with a reiteration frequency of 32 present in 51% of the fragments and a single-copy component present in 23% of the fragments. By saturation hybridization of total polysomal RNA to 3H-labeled single-copy DNA, it was determined that 68% of the single-copy DNA was represented in the epimastigote polysomal RNA. This corresponds to .apprx. 12,000 different mRNA species. Of these, .apprx. 9000 are present as poly(A)+-RNA;the remaining 3000 appear not to be polyadenylated. Kinetic analysis of the poly(A)+-RNA population indicates it is composed of at least 3 classes of RNAs of different abundancy levels: 2 sequences which occur .apprx. 3000 times per cell, .apprx. 750 sequences which occur about 20 times per cell and .apprx. 15,500 sequences which occur 1-2 times per cell.

关键词： Trypanosoma cruzi RNA DNA Reassociation kinetics Sequence complexity c o t R o t initial DNA or RNA concentration in mol nucleotides × time (s). kb, kilobases, 1000 nucleotides or nucleotide pairs for single- and double-stranded DNA, respectively NT nucleotides NTP nucleotide pairs RMS root mean square poly(A) + -RNA polyadenylated RNA poly(A) − -RNA non-polyadenylated RNA FcS fetal calf serum

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Experimental and theoretical investigation of sensing parameters in carbon nanotube-based DNA sensor

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IET NANOBIOTEcHNOLOGY 2018年第8期12卷 1125-1129页

作者： Nouri, Mina Meshginqalam, Bahar Sahihazar, Milad Moutab Dizaji, Raziyeh Sheydaie Pour Ahmadi, Mohammad Taghi Ismail, Razali Urmia Univ Dept Nanotechnol Orumiyeh Iran Univ Teknol Malaysia Fac Elect Engn Elect & Comp Engn Dept Johor Baharu Malaysia

Nowadays, sensitive biosensors with high selectivity, lower costs and short response time are required for detection of DNA. The most preferred materials in DNA sensor designing are nanomaterials such as carbon and Au nanoparticles, because of their very high surface area and biocompatibility which lead to performance and sensitivity improvements in DNA sensors. carbon nanomaterials such as carbon nanotubes (cNTs) can be considered as a suitable DNA sensor platform due to their high surface-to-volume ratio, favourable electronic properties and fast electron transfer rate. Therefore, in this study, the cNTs which are synthesised by pulsed Ac arc discharge method on a high-density polyethylene substrate are used as conducting channels in a chemiresistor for the electrochemical detection of double stranded DNA. Moreover, the response of the proposed sensor is investigated experimentally and analytically in different temperatures, which confirm good agreement between the presented model and experimental data.

关键词： electrochemical sensors polymers arcs (electric) biological techniques nanosensors carbon nanotubes DNA c chemiresistor double stranded DNA detection cNT electronic properties surface-to-volume ratio nanoparticles biosensors electrochemical detection high-density polyethylene substrate pulsed Ac arc discharge method electron transfer rate carbon nanomaterials carbon nanotube-based DNA sensor

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cOENZYME SPEcIFIcITY OF D-AMINO AcID OXIDASE FOR ADENYLATE MOIETY OF FAD

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BIOcHIMIcA ET BIOPHYSIcA AcTA 1964年第3期89卷 447-+页

作者： MccORMIcK, DB TSIBRIS, JcM cHASSY, BM Graduate School of Nutrition Cornell University Ithaca N.Y. U.S.A.

Analogues of FAD have been synthesized from pyridinium FMN and 4-morpholine N,N[image]-dicyclohexylcarboxamidinium nucleoside 5[image]-phos-phoromorpholidates in pyridine. The similar spectral and chromato-graphic properties of the analogues are described. The specific reactivity of the adenylate portion of FAD has been delineated by the following observations on the behavior of adenosyl-replaced analogues of FAD and of AMP with D-amino acid oxidase (D-amino acidO2 oxidoreductase (deaminating), Ec 1.4.3.3): Substitution of deoxyribo-furanosyl for the ribofuranosyl portion of FAD results in a large decrease in coenzymatic activity. FdeAD has a Km of 4.0.10-6 M and in 10-fold larger amounts is only 52% as active as FAD with a Km of 4.5-10-7 M. All other replacements of the adenosyl moiety of FAD by common purine and pyrimidine ribo- and deoxyribofuranosyl portions yield analogues which are active only very weakly either as coenzymes or competitive inhibitors of FAD. A further reflection of the propensity for binding of the adenylate portion of FAD is seen in the decreased ability of nucleoside 5[image]-monophosphates other than AMP to inhibit attachment of FAD as coenzyme. Overall, the results indicate that D-amino acid oxidase exhibits a considerable degree of coenzyme specificity with regard to the 6-aminopurine ribofuranosyl or AMP portion of FAD.

关键词： H hypoxanthine G guanine X xanthine c cytosine U uracil and T thymine

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引用

BIOcHIMIcA ET BIOPHYSIcA AcTA 1987年第1期911卷 25-36页

作者： WU, cSc GAN, L YANG, JT Cardiovascular Research Institute University of California San Francisco CA U.S.A.

The conformation of the globular dimer (G 2 ), the tailed asymmetric dodecamer (A 12 , also containing some tailed octamer A 8 ) and the globular tetramer (G 4 , prepared by removing the collagen-like tail from A 12 ) of acetylcholinesterase (acetylcholine acetylhydrolase, Ec 3.1.1.7) was studied by circular dichroism (cD) in the ultraviolet region. The G 2 and G 4 forms had similar conformation with about 40% α-helix, 35% β-sheets and 4% β-turns; the tailed form had a lower helicity (about 34%) and β-form (about 25%) content probably because of the presence of the tail whose cD spectrum resembles that of an unordered form, but it had about the same amount of β-turns as the other two forms. All three forms also had similar cD spectra in the near-ultraviolet region due to their non-peptide chromophores. The pH, thermal and urea denaturation of the three acetylcholinesterase forms was also similar to each other. The pH-dependency of both the enzymatic activity and cD intensity of the three forms showed bell-shaped curves with a plateau at pH 7–8. The activity was completely lost at pH below 5 or above 10, but the corresponding cD spectra retained 70–80% of the original magnitudes. Thermal denaturation of the three forms at pH 7.5 showed a conformational transition and loss of activity between 30 and 40°c, but the cD intensity of the helical band at 222 nm was reduced by only 20–30%. Urea denaturation of the three form began at 1 M urea; it was protein concentration- and time-dependent. Again, the activity disappeared faster than the decreasing cD intensity. Thus, the overall conformation of the three acetylcholinesterase forms appears to be relatively stable, but their active site is easily perturbed by changing the environment. The loss of activity correlated well with the disapperance of the cD band of tryptophan(s) in the near-ultraviolet region, suggesting that the Trp residue(s) might be at or near the active center of the enzyme.

关键词： Acetylcholinesterase Enzyme conformation Protein conformation circular dichroism c 12 E 7 dodecylheptaoxyethylene ether c 12 E 11.2 dodecylpolyoxyethylene ether with an average oxyethylene chain length of 11.2 cD circular dichroism

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Free-standing polymer cantilevers and bridges reinforced with carbon nanotubes

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2007年第3期2卷 54-57页

作者： cadd, D. Wood, D. Petty, M. c. Univ Durham Sch Engn Microsyst Technol Grp Durham DH1 3LE England Univ Durham Sch Engn Ctr Mol & Nanoscale Elect Durham DH1 3LE England

A nanofabrication process, based on the layer-by-layer electrostatic deposition method, has been developed to fabricate free-standing cantilevers and bridges of polyelectrolytes containing conductive carbon nanotubes. The technique can produce a high yield of structures, with typical dimensions of 30-60 mu m length, 20 mu m width and 1 mu m thickness. This represents an important step towards using nanotubes in actuator applications.

关键词： size 20 mum Spray coating techniques nanotube devices Preparation of reinforced polymers and polymer-based composites Micromechanical and nanomechanical devices and systems polymer electrolytes Structure of solid clusters, nanoparticles, nanotubes and nanostructured materials c spray coatings polyelectrolytes size 1 mum Fullerene, nanotube and related devices conductive carbon nanotubes actuator application materials preparation microactuators Fullerenes, carbon nanotubes, and related materials (engineering materials science) layer-by-layer electrostatic deposition Other thin film deposition techniques Microactuators Fabrication of MEMS and NEMS devices free standing polymer cantilevers nanofabrication process carbon nanotubes free standing polymer bridges nanostructured materials size 30 mum to 60 mum Methods of nanofabrication and processing

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comparison of irreversibility lines of silver-sheathed Bi-2223, Tl-1223 and Tl-1234 superconducting tapes (vol 43, pg 83, 1996)

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MATERIALS cHEMISTRY AND PHYSIcS 1996年第1期46卷 103-103页

作者： Wei, Jc Yang, TJ Liu, RS IND TECHNOL RES INST MAT RES LABSHSINCHU 31015TAIWAN NATL CHIAO TUNG UNIV INST ELECTROOPT ENGNHSINCHUTAIWAN NATL TAIWAN UNIV DEPT CHEMTAIPEI 10764TAIWAN

The irreversibility lines of silver-sheathed (Bi,Pb) 2 Sr 2 ca 2 cu 3 O 10 (Bi-2223), (Tl,Pb,Bi)(Sr,Ba) 2 ca 2 cu 3 O 9 (Tl-1223) and (Tl,Pb)Sr 2 ca 3 cu 4 O 11 (Tl-1234) superconducting tapes were investigated and compared with those of other superconducting systems. We have demonstrated that the shape of the irreversibility lines of Tl-1223 and Tl-1234 superconducting tapes are similar in behavior to those of YBa 2 cu 3 O 7 (Y-123) and (Tl,Pb)Sr 2 (ca,Y)cu 2 O 7 (Tl-1212) systems and better than those of Tl 2 Ba 2 ca 2 cu 3 O 10 (Tl-2223) and (Bi,Pb) 2 Sr 2 ca 2 cu 3 O 10 (Bi-2223) superconductors. This means that the flux pinning ability of Tl-1223 and Tl-1234 superconducting tapes was stronger than that of Bi-2223 and Tl-2223 superconductors. The possible reason for controlling flux pinning can be attributed to the intrinsic crystal structure difference in the materials.

关键词： cuprate superconductors Flux pinning Irreversibility lines High- T c Superconducting tapes

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