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cHANGES IN INTERScAPULAR BROWN ADIPOSE TISSUE OF RAT DURING PERINATAL AND EARLY POST-NATAL DEVELOPMENT AND AFTER cOLD AccLIMATION .2. MITOcHONDRIAL cHANGES

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cOMPARATIVE BIOcHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 1970年第3期33卷 509-+页

作者： SKALA, J BARNARD, T LINDBERG, O University of Stockholm The Wenner-Gren Institute Stockholm Sweden

1. 1. changes in some biochemical parameters of mitochondria isolated from interscapular brown adipose tissue in different development stages and after cold acclimation of rats have been studied. 2. 2. These parameters varied in a regular pattern. The highest values were found at 5 days post partum and after cold acclimation. 3. 3. The significance of these changes with respect to the amount of inner membrane in mitochondria is discussed in relation to mitochondrial differentiation, and also in the context of alterations in respiratory activity of the whole tissue during development.

关键词： ISBAT interscapular brown adipose tissue a.p. ante partum p.p. post partum ET electron transport cOX cytochrome- c oxidase α-GPD mitochondrial α-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase SDH succinate dehydrogenase P phosphorus PL phospholipid PLP phospholipid phosphorus

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concentration and Isotopic and Elemental composition of Organic Matter in Subsea Thawed and Permafrost Deposits of Buor-Khaya Bay

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OcEANOLOGY 2022年第4期62卷 487-499页

作者： Ulyantsev, A. S. Bratskaya, S. Yu Dudarev, O., V Semiletov, I. P. Russian Acad Sci Shirshov Inst Oceanol Moscow Russia Russian Acad Sci Inst Chem Far East Branch Vladivostok Russia Russian Acad Sci Ilichev Pacific Oceanol Inst Far East Branch Vladivostok Russia

A comparative analysis of the content and composition of organic matter (OM) in samples of bottom sediments and subaqueous permafrost rocks by the concentration of organic carbon (Oc), c/N ratio, and isotopic composition of Oc (delta c-13) was carried out for three boreholes drilled in Buor-Khaya Bay in 2014-2015. The intervals of Oc, c/N and delta c-13 values measured in 105 samples ranged from 0.04 to 23.1% (avg. 2.08%), from 1.00 to 41.7 (avg. 11.8) and from -29.1 to -19.6% (avg. -24.9%), respectively. The highest Oc concentrations were found at horizons enriched with plant detritus. Based on the aggregate data obtained, it is shown that the studied sediments and permafrost rocks contain plant, lacustrine, and marine OM. In most samples, it is mixed, but enriched with of continental-vegetation and lacustrine components. According to the isotopic and elemental composition of the OM, it was found that sediments of the Yedoma Suite and Ice complex are present in the studied strata, and to a lesser extent, deposits of thermokarst lakes and basins flooded by the sea. At a relative distance from the continent, isotopic heaviness of Oc was recorded, associated with an increased share of aquatic components in OM, which is confirmed by data on the molecular composition of n-alkanes. There is no correlation between the grain size of sediments and measured organic geochemical parameters, which is a distinctive feature of the studied alluvial strata.

关键词： Arctic coastal zone bottom sediments subsea permafrost organic carbon stable carbon isotopes c N ratio cryotic type grain size

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cOMPARATIVE EFFEcTS OF GENTAMIcIN AND NETILMIcIN ON NA+-DEPENDENT D-GLUcOSE TRANSPORT IN RABBIT RENAL BRUSH-BORDER MEMBRANE-VESIcLES

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TOXIcOLOGY IN VITRO 1991年第3期5卷 211-218页

作者： MORIYAMA, T NAKAHAMA, H FUKUHARA, Y UEDA, N ORITA, Y KAMADA, T The First Department of Medicine Osaka University Medical School 1-1-50 Fukushima Fukushima-ku Osaka 553 Japan.

The effects of gentamicin and netilmicin administration on Na+-dependent D-glucose transport in rabbit renal brush-border membrane vesicles (BBMV) were investigated. BBMV were isolated from rabbit kidney outer cortex (early proximal tubule) and outer medulla (late proximal tubule) 60 min after iv drug administration. Pharmacokinetics and renal accumulation of gentamicin and netilmicin were also studied. We found decreased affinity in the Na+-dependent D-glucose transport system after gentamicin administration only in the outer cortical preparations and not in the outer medullary ones. Gentamicin administration did not affect the membrane permeability or D-glucose distribution space of BBMV. Netilmicin had no effect on Na+-dependent D-glucose transport. The V(max) values of Na+-dependent D-glucose transport were not affected by either gentamicin or netilmicin administration in both outer cortical and outer medullary preparations. Thus, gentamicin was shown to have stronger effects on Na+-dependent D-glucose transport than did netilmicin. This result is consistent with the rank of nephrotoxicity for gentamicin and netilmicin. Furthermore, the Na+-dependent D-glucose transport system in the early proximal tubule seems to be more vulnerable to gentamicin toxicity than that in the late proximal tubule. Pharmacokinetic parameters and renal accumulation of gentamicin and netilmicin were not significantly different from each other. Thus, the difference in transport inhibition by gentamicin and netilmicin cannot be accounted for by using pharmacokinetic factors of these two drugs.

关键词： AUc area under curve BBMV brush-border membrane vesicles c i plasma concentration at time zero

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characterization of Eight Bacterial Biosensors for Microbial Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications

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AcS SYNTHETIc BIOLOGY 2022年第12期11卷 4184-4192页

作者： Vaaben, Troels Holger Vazquez-Uribe, Ruben Sommer, Morten Otto Alexander Tech Univ Denmark Novo Nord Fdn Ctr Biosustainabil DK-2800 Lyngby Denmark

The engineering of microbial cells to produce and secrete therapeutics directly in the human body, known as advanced microbial therapeutics, is an exciting alternative to current drug delivery routes. These living therapeutics can be engineered to sense disease biomarkers and, in response, deliver a therapeutic activity. This strategy allows for precise and self-regulating delivery of a therapeutic that adapts to the disease state of the individual patient. Numerous sensing systems have been characterized for use in prokaryotes, but a very limited number of advanced microbial therapeutics have incorporated such sensors. We characterized eight different sensors that respond to physiologically relevant conditions and molecules found in the human body in the probiotic strain Escherichia coli Nissle 1917. The resulting sensors were characterized under aerobic and anaerobic conditions and were demonstrated to be functional under gut-like conditions using the nematode caenorhabditis elegans as an in vivo model. We show for the first time how a biosensor is able to detect in vivo the bile acid-like molecule Delta 4-dafachronic acid, a small molecule in c. elegans that regulates lifespan. Furthermore, we exemplify how bacterial sensors can be used to dynamically report on changes in the intestinal environment of c. elegans, by demonstrating the use of a biosensor able to detect changes in lactate concentrations in the gut lumen of individual c. elegans. The biosensors presented in this study allow for dynamic control of expression in vivo and represent a valuable tool in further developing advanced microbiome therapeutics.

关键词： biosensors microbiome c elegans E coli Nissle 1917 genetic circuits bile acids

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cOMPARATIVE BIOcHEMIcAL, FUNcTIONAL AND ULTRASTRUcTURAL STUDIES OF PHOTOSYSTEM PARTIcLES FROM A cRYPTOPHYcEA, cRYPTOMONAS-RUFEScENS - ISOLATION OF AN AcTIVE PHYcOERYTHRIN PARTIcLE

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BIOcHIMIcA ET BIOPHYSIcA AcTA 1987年第1期894卷 76-90页

作者： LIcHTLE, c DUVAL, Jc LEMOINE, Y Laboratoire des Biomembranes et des Surfaces cellulaires végétales Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris France

Three subchloroplast fractions and free phycoerythrin have been separated from cryptomonas rufescens by action of digitonin and ultracentrifugation on sucrose density gradient. They were characterized as Photosystem (PS) I, PS-II and light-harvesting complexes. Besides chlorophyll (chl) a and c2, high-performance liquid chromatography exposed the presence of noticeable amounts of cis-alloxanthin, in addition of the previously reported carotenoids alloxanthin, crocoxanthin and .alpha.-carotene. The heavy band (fraction 1), which presented absorption and fluorescence characteristics of PS I complex appeared up to three times enriched in P-700 (chl a to P-700 ratio: 150). These PS I vesicles exhibited more efficient far-red absorption and contained high amounts of .alpha.-carotene, a low alloxanthin complement, few chlorophyll c2 and a specific enrichment in a pigment presumed to be chlorophyll reaction center I. The low-temperature absorption of both other fractions, previously related to PS II, exhibited a very low contribution of far-red absorbing chlorophyll a forms. Their carotenoid contents were highly modified in a large depletion of .alpha.-carotene, contrasting with the increment of xanthophyll amounts. Besides its high chlorophyll c2 content, fraction 2 exhibited an enhanced alloxanthin content. This fraction, according to its photosynthetical activities and polypeptide composition, was interpreted as the major chlorophyllous light-harvesting complex (chl a/c2 complex) connected to some PS II reaction centers. By contrast, the third recovered fraction was an active phycoerythrin-xanthophyll-PS II complex greatly enriched in PS II reaction centres and poor in light-harvesting chlorophyll. Phycoerythrin, the major light-harvesting pigment of this fraction, efficiently transferred energy to PS II reaction centers. Although many features were comparable in the two PS II fractions, the photosynthetical activities revealed an opposite repartition of PS II reaction

关键词： Photosystem I Photosystem II Light-harvesting chlorophyll a c 2 Phycoerythrin-Photosystem II complex Electron microscopy ( c rufescens ) chl a ( c 2 ), chlorophyll a ( c 2 ) DcIP, 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid Hepes 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinethanesulphonic acid HPLc high-performance (pressure) liquid chromatography LDS lithium dodecyl sulfate LDAO lauryldimethylamine N -oxide LHc I (II) light-harvesting complex of photosystem I (II) P-700 Photosystem I reaction centers PS I (II) Photosystem I (II)

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Identification of acyclospora cayetanensisOocyst Antigens and Their Validity in the Detection of Immunogenic Patterns of cyclosporiasis Patients

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AcTA PARASITOLOGIcA 2021年第2期66卷 416-427页

作者： Hussein, Eman M. El-Gayar, Eman K. Ismail, Ola A. Mokhtar, Amira B. Al-Abbassy, Maha M. Suez Canal Univ Fac Med Med Parasitol Dept Ismailia 41522 Egypt

Introduction The diagnosis of cyclosporiasis is currently based on the microscopic detection of oocysts, which may provide invalid results. The availability of simple, objective immunological screening tests would facilitate epidemiological studies of cyclosporiasis. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the antigens ofcyclospora cayetanensisoocysts and their validity in serodiagnosis. Methods According to parasitological and molecular diagnoses, three study groups were specified. Group (G) I included 30 patients with cyclosporiasis, GII included 12 patients with other parasitic infections, and GIII included 16 healthy subjects. SDS-PAGE was used to analysec. cayetanensisantigens, and the validity of western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) was then assessed amongst the sera of all study groups. Results Thec. cayetanensisantigenic profile showed eight characteristic bands with molecular weights ranging from 14 to 175 kDa. Western blot analysis of sera revealed 93.3% (28/30 of GI) and 92.8% (26/28 of GII and III) sensitivity and specificity, respectively, dividing the patients in GI into four subgroups. The most frequent diagnostic bands (71.4% of GI sera) showed weights of 26-28 kDa, followed by 71 kDa (53.6%). ELISA sensitivity was 90% (27/30), and specificity was 78.6%. Validation showed perfect agreement between the PcR and western blot results, and ELISA presented substantial agreement with both the PcR and western blot results. conclusions Our findings suggest the existence of high immunogenic diversity inc. cayetanensisand indicate that the 26-28 kDa immunogenic groups may potentially be used as a diagnostic marker of cyclosporiasis. Due to the high validity of ELISA, it might be the test of choice for the routine serodiagnosis of cyclosporiasis.

关键词： c cayetanensis Oocysts Antigens SDS-PAGE Western blotting ELISA

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Fabrication and mechanical properties of low-loading graphene nanosheets encapsulated on the surface of graphene nanosheets/polypropylene composites

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2015年第9期10卷 439-442页

作者： Hsu, Ping-cheng Tsai, I-Shou Feng Chia Univ Dept Fiber & Composites Mat Taichung 40724 Taiwan

In recent years, numerous scientists have used graphene for reinforcing polymer-based composites because of its outstanding electrical, thermal and mechanical properties. Based on this present reported work, a simple manufacturing process is reported for the fabrication of low-loading graphene nanosheets (GNSs) coated on the surface of a polypropylene matrix. According to a scanning electron microscope micrograph, the GNSs were dispersed uniformly on the surface of polypropylene pellets. The mechanical properties and thermal stability of the GNSs /polypropylene composite plates were improved substantially by the addition of GNSs. X-ray diffraction was used to determine that the two-theta values of the GNSs /polypropylene composite plates correspond to the weight fraction of the added GNSs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the vibration peak of the polypropylene methyl group decreased gradually when the amount of GNSs increased.

关键词： graphene filled polymers nanocomposites nanofabrication X-ray diffraction plates (structures) Fourier transform infrared spectra yield strength Young's modulus scanning electron microscopy mechanical properties low-loading graphene nanosheets graphene nanosheets-polypropylene composite surface polymer-based composites polypropylene matrix scanning electron microscope thermal stability polypropylene pellets composite plates X-ray diffraction Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy vibration peak polypropylene methyl group yield strength Young's modulus c

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Bistable memory and logic-gate devices fabricated by intercrossed stacking of graphene-ferroelectric hybrid ribbons

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2016年第7期11卷 356-359页

作者： Kim, Woo Young Kim, Hyeon-Don Jeon, Gwang-Jae Kang, In-Ku Shim, Hyun Bin Kim, Tae-Hyo Lee, Hee chul Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Mech Engn Daejeon 706091 South Korea Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Elect Engn Daejeon 706091 South Korea

A ferroelectric-gated graphene field-effect transistor was fabricated by consecutively stacking two distinct graphene-ferroelectric hybrid ribbons at right angles. Two graphene layers play different roles. One graphene layer acts as a gate electrode and the other graphene layer acts as a channel between two electrodes, source and drain. Electric gating at the gate graphene modulates the resistance of the channel graphene. By means of ferroelectric polarisation, bistable resistance states of the channel graphene could be recorded, and the retention time of bistability was estimated to be 460 days by extrapolating of two resistance values in time-resistance relationships. Furthermore, the underlying concept to fabricate bistable memory device was extended to the methodology to realise a logic-gate device by stacking three distinct graphene-ferroelectric hybrid ribbons.

关键词： graphene devices nanoribbons nanofabrication logic gates ferroelectric devices field effect transistors spin coating ferroelectric thin films semiconductor storage bistable memory device logic gate device intercrossed stacking graphene-ferroelectric hybrid ribbons ferroelectric gated graphene field effect transistor gate electrode ferroelectric polarisation c

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Growing carbon nanotubes on graphite nanosheets

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2009年第3期4卷 128-132页

作者： Kuo, W. S. Ko, T. H. Lu, H. F. Feng Chia Univ Dept Aerosp & Syst Engn Taichung 407 Taiwan Feng Chia Univ Dept Mat Sci & Engn Taichung 407 Taiwan Feng Chia Univ Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn Taichung 407 Taiwan

The processing and the resulting microstructures of carbon nanotubes (cNTs) grown on graphite nanosheets (GNSs) is examined. The GNSs have a planar shape and are 20-50 nm in thickness. The GNSs were made by the intercalation and exfoliation of natural graphite. akes. Nickel particles serving as the catalyst were distributed on the GNSs. A chemical vapour deposition (cVD) method was used to grow cNTs. Both methane and acetylene were used as the hydrocarbon gases, and the reaction temperatures studied were 700 and 900 degrees c. The distribution of the nickel particles was found critical for the growth of the resulting nano-carbon. laments. Both cNTs and carbon nanofibres (cNFs) were obtained. The nanocarbon filaments vary widely in density, shape and microstructures, dependent on the processing conditions. The microstructure of the joint between the cNT and GNS has been observed by electron microscopy.

关键词： graphite nanosheet carbon nanotube growth catalyst microstructure c hydrocarbon gas nanofibres chemical vapour deposition Heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces and other surface reactions scanning electron microscopy carbon nanofibres planar shape cVD Microstructure nanotechnology nickel particle Structure of fullerenes and fullerene-related materials SEM natural graphite flakes methane chemical vapour deposition carbon nanotubes catalysts chemical vapour deposition method acetylene Methods of nanofabrication and processing

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Room-temperature growth of carbon nanofibers on plastic substrates

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SURFAcE ScIENcE 2006年第18期600卷 3663-3667页

作者： Tanemura, Masaki Hatano, H. Kitazawa, M. Tanaka, J. Okita, T. Lau, S. P. Yang, H. Y. Yu, S. F. Huang, L. Miao, L. Tanemura, S. Nagoya Inst Technol Grad Sch Engn Dept Environm Technol Showa Ku Nagoya Aichi 4668555 Japan Olympus Co Ltd Tatsuno Nagano 3990495 Japan Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Elect & Elect Engn Singapore 639798 Singapore

A very simple method to synthesize densely distributed carbon nanofibers. (cNFs) on flexible plastic substrates at room temperature with no catalyst is demonstrated. carbon film was deposited onto polyimide, poly-ethylene-terephthalate (PET) films, Si plates and a Ni mesh, which were then sputtered with obliquely incident Ar+ ions at 3 keV at room temperature. Linear-shaped cNFs oriented in the incidence direction of the ion beam grew on the sputtered substrates, as confirmed by scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopes (TEM). cNF growth on a PET substrate, which is a non-heat-tolerant plastic, has never been reported so far. cNFs thus grown were characterized as amorphous without a hollow structure. The diameter of cNFs was almost identical (20-30 nm) despite a large difference in cNF length (0.1-4 mu m). In addition, the cNF-tipped cones were demonstrated to act successfully as a template to fabricate one dimensional (1-D) zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures on a PET substrate. Thus, it was believed that the ion-irradiation technique would open up a new approach to fabricate any kinds of 1-D nanomaterials on flexible substrates at room temperature. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： nanostructure sputtering c ZnO

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