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cOMPARATIVE BIOcHEMIcAL, FUNcTIONAL AND ULTRASTRUcTURAL STUDIES OF PHOTOSYSTEM PARTIcLES FROM A cRYPTOPHYcEA, cRYPTOMONAS-RUFEScENS - ISOLATION OF AN AcTIVE PHYcOERYTHRIN PARTIcLE

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BIOcHIMIcA ET BIOPHYSIcA AcTA 1987年第1期894卷 76-90页

作者： LIcHTLE, c DUVAL, Jc LEMOINE, Y Laboratoire des Biomembranes et des Surfaces cellulaires végétales Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris France

Three subchloroplast fractions and free phycoerythrin have been separated from cryptomonas rufescens by action of digitonin and ultracentrifugation on sucrose density gradient. They were characterized as Photosystem (PS) I, PS-II and light-harvesting complexes. Besides chlorophyll (chl) a and c2, high-performance liquid chromatography exposed the presence of noticeable amounts of cis-alloxanthin, in addition of the previously reported carotenoids alloxanthin, crocoxanthin and .alpha.-carotene. The heavy band (fraction 1), which presented absorption and fluorescence characteristics of PS I complex appeared up to three times enriched in P-700 (chl a to P-700 ratio: 150). These PS I vesicles exhibited more efficient far-red absorption and contained high amounts of .alpha.-carotene, a low alloxanthin complement, few chlorophyll c2 and a specific enrichment in a pigment presumed to be chlorophyll reaction center I. The low-temperature absorption of both other fractions, previously related to PS II, exhibited a very low contribution of far-red absorbing chlorophyll a forms. Their carotenoid contents were highly modified in a large depletion of .alpha.-carotene, contrasting with the increment of xanthophyll amounts. Besides its high chlorophyll c2 content, fraction 2 exhibited an enhanced alloxanthin content. This fraction, according to its photosynthetical activities and polypeptide composition, was interpreted as the major chlorophyllous light-harvesting complex (chl a/c2 complex) connected to some PS II reaction centers. By contrast, the third recovered fraction was an active phycoerythrin-xanthophyll-PS II complex greatly enriched in PS II reaction centres and poor in light-harvesting chlorophyll. Phycoerythrin, the major light-harvesting pigment of this fraction, efficiently transferred energy to PS II reaction centers. Although many features were comparable in the two PS II fractions, the photosynthetical activities revealed an opposite repartition of PS II reaction

关键词： Photosystem I Photosystem II Light-harvesting chlorophyll a c 2 Phycoerythrin-Photosystem II complex Electron microscopy ( c rufescens ) chl a ( c 2 ), chlorophyll a ( c 2 ) DcIP, 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol EDTA ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid Hepes 4-(2-hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinethanesulphonic acid HPLc high-performance (pressure) liquid chromatography LDS lithium dodecyl sulfate LDAO lauryldimethylamine N -oxide LHc I (II) light-harvesting complex of photosystem I (II) P-700 Photosystem I reaction centers PS I (II) Photosystem I (II)

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Identification of acyclospora cayetanensisOocyst Antigens and Their Validity in the Detection of Immunogenic Patterns of cyclosporiasis Patients

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AcTA PARASITOLOGIcA 2021年第2期66卷 416-427页

作者： Hussein, Eman M. El-Gayar, Eman K. Ismail, Ola A. Mokhtar, Amira B. Al-Abbassy, Maha M. Suez Canal Univ Fac Med Med Parasitol Dept Ismailia 41522 Egypt

Introduction The diagnosis of cyclosporiasis is currently based on the microscopic detection of oocysts, which may provide invalid results. The availability of simple, objective immunological screening tests would facilitate epidemiological studies of cyclosporiasis. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify the antigens ofcyclospora cayetanensisoocysts and their validity in serodiagnosis. Methods According to parasitological and molecular diagnoses, three study groups were specified. Group (G) I included 30 patients with cyclosporiasis, GII included 12 patients with other parasitic infections, and GIII included 16 healthy subjects. SDS-PAGE was used to analysec. cayetanensisantigens, and the validity of western blotting and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) was then assessed amongst the sera of all study groups. Results Thec. cayetanensisantigenic profile showed eight characteristic bands with molecular weights ranging from 14 to 175 kDa. Western blot analysis of sera revealed 93.3% (28/30 of GI) and 92.8% (26/28 of GII and III) sensitivity and specificity, respectively, dividing the patients in GI into four subgroups. The most frequent diagnostic bands (71.4% of GI sera) showed weights of 26-28 kDa, followed by 71 kDa (53.6%). ELISA sensitivity was 90% (27/30), and specificity was 78.6%. Validation showed perfect agreement between the PcR and western blot results, and ELISA presented substantial agreement with both the PcR and western blot results. conclusions Our findings suggest the existence of high immunogenic diversity inc. cayetanensisand indicate that the 26-28 kDa immunogenic groups may potentially be used as a diagnostic marker of cyclosporiasis. Due to the high validity of ELISA, it might be the test of choice for the routine serodiagnosis of cyclosporiasis.

关键词： c cayetanensis Oocysts Antigens SDS-PAGE Western blotting ELISA

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Bistable memory and logic-gate devices fabricated by intercrossed stacking of graphene-ferroelectric hybrid ribbons

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2016年第7期11卷 356-359页

作者： Kim, Woo Young Kim, Hyeon-Don Jeon, Gwang-Jae Kang, In-Ku Shim, Hyun Bin Kim, Tae-Hyo Lee, Hee chul Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Mech Engn Daejeon 706091 South Korea Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol Dept Elect Engn Daejeon 706091 South Korea

A ferroelectric-gated graphene field-effect transistor was fabricated by consecutively stacking two distinct graphene-ferroelectric hybrid ribbons at right angles. Two graphene layers play different roles. One graphene layer acts as a gate electrode and the other graphene layer acts as a channel between two electrodes, source and drain. Electric gating at the gate graphene modulates the resistance of the channel graphene. By means of ferroelectric polarisation, bistable resistance states of the channel graphene could be recorded, and the retention time of bistability was estimated to be 460 days by extrapolating of two resistance values in time-resistance relationships. Furthermore, the underlying concept to fabricate bistable memory device was extended to the methodology to realise a logic-gate device by stacking three distinct graphene-ferroelectric hybrid ribbons.

关键词： graphene devices nanoribbons nanofabrication logic gates ferroelectric devices field effect transistors spin coating ferroelectric thin films semiconductor storage bistable memory device logic gate device intercrossed stacking graphene-ferroelectric hybrid ribbons ferroelectric gated graphene field effect transistor gate electrode ferroelectric polarisation c

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Fabrication and mechanical properties of low-loading graphene nanosheets encapsulated on the surface of graphene nanosheets/polypropylene composites

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2015年第9期10卷 439-442页

作者： Hsu, Ping-cheng Tsai, I-Shou Feng Chia Univ Dept Fiber & Composites Mat Taichung 40724 Taiwan

In recent years, numerous scientists have used graphene for reinforcing polymer-based composites because of its outstanding electrical, thermal and mechanical properties. Based on this present reported work, a simple manufacturing process is reported for the fabrication of low-loading graphene nanosheets (GNSs) coated on the surface of a polypropylene matrix. According to a scanning electron microscope micrograph, the GNSs were dispersed uniformly on the surface of polypropylene pellets. The mechanical properties and thermal stability of the GNSs /polypropylene composite plates were improved substantially by the addition of GNSs. X-ray diffraction was used to determine that the two-theta values of the GNSs /polypropylene composite plates correspond to the weight fraction of the added GNSs. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy revealed that the vibration peak of the polypropylene methyl group decreased gradually when the amount of GNSs increased.

关键词： graphene filled polymers nanocomposites nanofabrication X-ray diffraction plates (structures) Fourier transform infrared spectra yield strength Young's modulus scanning electron microscopy mechanical properties low-loading graphene nanosheets graphene nanosheets-polypropylene composite surface polymer-based composites polypropylene matrix scanning electron microscope thermal stability polypropylene pellets composite plates X-ray diffraction Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy vibration peak polypropylene methyl group yield strength Young's modulus c

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Growing carbon nanotubes on graphite nanosheets

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2009年第3期4卷 128-132页

作者： Kuo, W. S. Ko, T. H. Lu, H. F. Feng Chia Univ Dept Aerosp & Syst Engn Taichung 407 Taiwan Feng Chia Univ Dept Mat Sci & Engn Taichung 407 Taiwan Feng Chia Univ Dept Mech & Aeronaut Engn Taichung 407 Taiwan

The processing and the resulting microstructures of carbon nanotubes (cNTs) grown on graphite nanosheets (GNSs) is examined. The GNSs have a planar shape and are 20-50 nm in thickness. The GNSs were made by the intercalation and exfoliation of natural graphite. akes. Nickel particles serving as the catalyst were distributed on the GNSs. A chemical vapour deposition (cVD) method was used to grow cNTs. Both methane and acetylene were used as the hydrocarbon gases, and the reaction temperatures studied were 700 and 900 degrees c. The distribution of the nickel particles was found critical for the growth of the resulting nano-carbon. laments. Both cNTs and carbon nanofibres (cNFs) were obtained. The nanocarbon filaments vary widely in density, shape and microstructures, dependent on the processing conditions. The microstructure of the joint between the cNT and GNS has been observed by electron microscopy.

关键词： graphite nanosheet carbon nanotube growth catalyst microstructure c hydrocarbon gas nanofibres chemical vapour deposition Heterogeneous catalysis at surfaces and other surface reactions scanning electron microscopy carbon nanofibres planar shape cVD Microstructure nanotechnology nickel particle Structure of fullerenes and fullerene-related materials SEM natural graphite flakes methane chemical vapour deposition carbon nanotubes catalysts chemical vapour deposition method acetylene Methods of nanofabrication and processing

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Room-temperature growth of carbon nanofibers on plastic substrates

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SURFAcE ScIENcE 2006年第18期600卷 3663-3667页

作者： Tanemura, Masaki Hatano, H. Kitazawa, M. Tanaka, J. Okita, T. Lau, S. P. Yang, H. Y. Yu, S. F. Huang, L. Miao, L. Tanemura, S. Nagoya Inst Technol Grad Sch Engn Dept Environm Technol Showa Ku Nagoya Aichi 4668555 Japan Olympus Co Ltd Tatsuno Nagano 3990495 Japan Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Elect & Elect Engn Singapore 639798 Singapore

A very simple method to synthesize densely distributed carbon nanofibers. (cNFs) on flexible plastic substrates at room temperature with no catalyst is demonstrated. carbon film was deposited onto polyimide, poly-ethylene-terephthalate (PET) films, Si plates and a Ni mesh, which were then sputtered with obliquely incident Ar+ ions at 3 keV at room temperature. Linear-shaped cNFs oriented in the incidence direction of the ion beam grew on the sputtered substrates, as confirmed by scanning (SEM) and transmission electron microscopes (TEM). cNF growth on a PET substrate, which is a non-heat-tolerant plastic, has never been reported so far. cNFs thus grown were characterized as amorphous without a hollow structure. The diameter of cNFs was almost identical (20-30 nm) despite a large difference in cNF length (0.1-4 mu m). In addition, the cNF-tipped cones were demonstrated to act successfully as a template to fabricate one dimensional (1-D) zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures on a PET substrate. Thus, it was believed that the ion-irradiation technique would open up a new approach to fabricate any kinds of 1-D nanomaterials on flexible substrates at room temperature. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： nanostructure sputtering c ZnO

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Synthesis and characterisation of VG nanosheets on silica aerogel by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition method

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2019年第6期14卷 595-599页

作者： Vigneswari, S. Murugesan, S. Sathyabama Inst Sci & Technol Dept Phys Chennai 600119 Tamil Nadu India

Vertical graphene (VG) nanosheets are directly grown on silica aerogel and silicon substrate (100) by plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition process in the presence of hydrogen as a reducing agent at atmospheric pressure at 800 degrees c. The physiochemical properties of the nanohybrid were thoroughly characterised by Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM). The presence of full wave half maximum of D, G and D ' indicates VG nanowalls. The height (50 nm) of the VG nanowalls were confirmed by SEM and Raman spectroscopy but AFM reveals it as 15 nm. Surface and cross-sectional SEM show the uniform distribution of vertical growth of nanowalls and the AFM revealed surface morphology of VG nanowalls.

关键词： Raman spectra nanostructured materials atomic force microscopy X-ray diffraction plasma cVD scanning electron microscopy surface morphology nanofabrication graphene AFM cross-sectional SEM silica aerogel plasma-enhanced chemical vapour deposition method silicon substrate physiochemical properties Raman spectroscopy atomic force microscopy vertical graphene nanosheets full wave half maximum temperature 800 0 degc pressure 1 atm SiO2 c

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A VEDA simulation on cement paste: using dynamic atomic force microscopy to characterize cellulose nanocrystal distribution

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MRS cOMMUNIcATIONS 2017年第3期7卷 672-676页

作者： cao, Yizheng Verian, Kho Pin lbany Mol Res Inc SSCI W Lafayette IN 47906 USA Solidia Technol Piscataway NJ 08854 USA

cellulose nanocrystal (cNc) enhances mechanical performance of cement composites via short-circuit diffusion (ScD). cNcs transport water along their hydrophilic surface into the unhydrated cement cores to induce extra hydration. It is important to characterize cNc distribution because it determines the ScD pathways. This study for the first time, employs virtual environment dynamic atomic force microscopy, an atomic force microscopy computational tool to investigate cNc distribution in both fresh and hardened cement pastes. The methods not only provide insights in a static context (hardened sample), but also offer opportunities to evaluate the interaction of cNcs with calcium-silicate-hydrate growth during the kinetic early ages of hydration.

关键词： omega real-time frequency omega(d) driving frequency omega(n) natural frequency omega(0) resonant frequency of the oscillator in vacuum rho density eta viscosity K constant for a given cantilever p(1) p(2) q(1) q(2) q(3) q(4) fitting coefficients c cNc concentration

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Tribological behaviour of carbon nanotubes/polyurethane nanocomposite coatings

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2011年第1期6卷 48-51页

作者： Song, Haojie Qi, Huan Li, Na Zhang, Xueqiang Jiangsu Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn Zhenjiang 212013 Jiangsu Peoples R China

The organosilane-modified carbon nanotubes (cNTs-Si)/polyurethane (PU) nanocomposite coatings were fabricated by a spraying technique. Tribological behaviours of these nanocomposite coatings were investigated using a ring on block wear tests under dry friction conditions, and worn surfaces and transfer films formed on the surface of counterpart ring were studied by scanning electron microscope and optical microscope, respectively. The results indicated that the addition of the low inclusion of cNTs and cNTs-Si can improve the reducing-friction and anti-wear abilities of the PU coating, and cNTs-Si as the filler was superior to cNTs in terms of the ability of decreasing the friction coefficient and the wear rate of the PU coating. In both cases, appropriate treatments could effectively improve the tribological properties in the PU composite coatings owing to the enhanced cNT-matrix interfacial bonding.

关键词： Preparation of reinforced polymers and polymer-based composites nanocomposites antiwear ability ring-on-block wear tests organosilane-modified carbon nanotubes c filled polymers transfer films scanning electron microscopy optical microscope friction coefficient tribology cNT-matrix interfacial bonding wear Tribology spraying technique carbon nanotubes polyurethane Friction, lubrication, and wear optical microscopy dry friction conditions scanning electron microscope Mechanical and acoustical properties of solid surfaces and interfaces friction coatings nanocomposite coatings Methods of nanofabrication and processing

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Direct growth of carbon microfibres on SiO₂ particles by chemical vapour deposition from ethanol

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2018年第10期13卷 1453-1456页

作者： Wang, Feng Qin, Xiaofang Yang, Lixia Gao, Shanmin Wang, Qingyao Yang, Zhenglong Ludong Univ Sch Chem & Mat Sci Yantai 264025 Peoples R China

carbon microfibres (cMFs) were synthesised on SiO2 particles by catalytic chemical vapour deposition at 1200 degrees c using ethanol as carbon precursor, iron nitrate as the catalyst precursor, and nitrogen as a carrier gas. The structure and morphology of the products were characterised by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. cMFs obtained after a deposition time of 5 h have a diameter of 5-10 m and a length of a few hundred micrometres. In the deposition process, Fe-Si-O-c droplets were first formed on the surface of SiO2 particles, and then carbon fibres grew as a result of the catalysis of the droplets. carbon fibres have the higher graphitic structures when the deposition process is conducted at 1200 degrees c.

关键词： transmission electron microscopy X-ray diffraction carbon fibres Raman spectra scanning electron microscopy catalysis catalysts chemical vapour deposition silicon compounds carbon microfibres ethanol catalytic chemical vapour deposition carbon precursor catalyst precursor carrier gas X-ray diffraction high-resolution transmission electron microscopy surface morphology scanning electron microscopy Raman spectroscopy graphitic structures temperature 1200 0 degc time 5 0 hour size 100 0 mum size 5 mum to 10 mum SiO2 c

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