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cYTOLYTIc MEcHANISMS OF THE IMMUNE-SYSTEM

cURRENT OPINION IN IMMUNOLOGY 1988年第1期1卷 63-69页

作者： ZYcHLINSKY, A JOAG, S YOUNG, JDE Laboratory of Cellular Physiology and Immunology Rockefeller University New York.

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comparison of lower extremity fasciotomy wound closure techniques in children: vacuum-assisted closure device versus temporary synthetic skin replacement

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF TRAUMA AND EMERGENcY SURGERY 2019年第5期45卷 809-814页

作者： Bussell, Hannah Rachel Aufdenblatten, christoph Alexander Gruenenfelder, corina Altermatt, Stefan Tharakan, Sasha Job Univ Childrens Hosp Zurich Dept Pediat Surg Steinwiessstr 75 CH-8032 Zurich Switzerland

Purpose No clear consensus on the optimal treatment of fasciotomy wounds due to acute compartment syndrome of the lower leg in children exists. We therefore compared two commonly used methods to close fasciotomy wounds, Epigard, a temporary synthetic skin replacement (SSR) and the vacuum-assisted closure (V.A.c.) device, in respect of treatment duration and complication rates. Methods We studied the cases of 27 patients who were treated at our institution for acute compartment syndrome of the lower leg with a fasciotomy over a 10-year period. The fasciotomy wound was either treated with SSR or V.A.c. device. We recorded the number of procedures to definitive wound closure, days to wound closure, hospitalization days and sequelae rate. Results In the V.A.c. device group (18 patients) the mean number of procedures until definitive wound closure was 3.1, mean days until wound closure was 9.4 and mean days of hospitalization was 16.2. One patient suffered from a wound infection and one patient required a full thickness skin graft. In the SSR group (9 patients), the mean number of procedures was 1.8, mean days until definitive wound closure was 4.9 and mean days of hospitalization was 9.9. No sequelae were recorded. There was a statistically significant smaller number of procedures (p value 0.018), fewer days to definitive wound closure (p value 0.002) and fewer hospitalization days (p value 0.005) in the SSR group. conclusions Both SSR and V.A.c. device are safe and reliable for closure of fasciotomy wounds in children, whereas SSR seems to lead to shorter time until definitive wound closure.

关键词： compartment syndrome Lower extremity child Fasciotomy V A c device

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cyclin B3 and dynein heavy chain cooperate to increase fitness in the absence of mdf-1/MAD1 in caenorhabditis elegans

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cELL cYcLE 2014年第19期13卷 3089-3099页

作者： Tarailo-Graovac, Maja Wong, Tammy Qin, Zhaozhao Flibotte, Stephane Taylor, Jon Moerman, Donald G. Rose, Ann M. chen, Nansheng Simon Fraser Univ Dept Mol Biol & Biochem Burnaby BC V5A 1S6 Canada Univ British Columbia Dept Zool Vancouver BC Canada Univ British Columbia Dept Med Genet Vancouver BC Canada

Spindle assembly checkpoint (SAc) ensures genome stability by delaying anaphase onset until all the chromosomes have achieved proper spindle attachment. Once correct attachment has been achieved, SAc must be silenced. In the absence of mdf-1/MAD1, an essential SAc component, caenorhabditis elegans cannot propagate beyond 3 generations. Previously, in a dog-1(gk10)/FANcJ mutator background, we isolated a suppressor of mdf-1(gk2) sterility (such-4) which allowed indefinite propagation in the absence of MDF-1. We showed that such-4 is a cyclin B3 (cyb-3) duplication. Here we analyze mdf-1 such-4;dog-1, which we propagated for 470 generations, with freezing of samples for long time storage at F-170 and F-270. Phenotypic analysis of this strain revealed additional suppression of sterility in the absence of MDF-1, beyond the effects of such-4. We applied oligonucleotide array comparative Genomic Hybridization (oacGH) and whole genome sequencing (WGS) and identified a further amplification of cyb-3 (triplication) and a new missense mutation in dynein heavy chain (dhc-1). We show that dhc-1(dot168) suppresses the mdf-1(gk2), and is the second cloned suppressor, next to cyb-3 duplication, that does not cause a delay in anaphase onset. We also show that amplification of cyb-3 and dhc-1(dot168) cooperate to increase fitness in the absence of MDF-1.

关键词： cyclin B3 (cyb-3) dynein heavy chain (dhc-1) mdf-1 MAD1 genome stability spindle assembly checkpoint (SAc) APc c anaphase promoting complex cyclosome cIN chromosome instability EMS ethyl methanesulfonate Him high incidence of males oacGH oligonucleotide array comparative Genomic Hybridization SAc spindle assembly checkpoint WGS whole genome sequencing

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chronic constipation in adults: contemporary perspectives and clinical challenges. 1: Epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical associations, pathophysiology and investigation

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NEUROGASTROENTEROLOGY AND MOTILITY 2021年第6期33卷 000-000页

作者： Scott, S. Mark Simren, Magnus Farmer, Adam D. Dinning, Philip G. carrington, Emma, V Benninga, Marc A. Burgell, Rebecca E. Dimidi, Eirini Fikree, Asma Ford, Alexander c. Fox, Mark Hoad, caroline L. Knowles, charles H. Krogh, Klaus Nugent, Karen Maria Remes-Troche, Jose Whelan, Kevin corsetti, Maura Queen Mary Univ London Ctr Neurosci Surg & Trauma Blizard Inst London England Univ Gothenburg Sahlgrenska Acad Inst Med Dept Internal Med & Clin Nutr Gothenburg Sweden Univ North Carolina Ctr Funct GI & Motil Disorders Chapel Hill NC 27515 USA Univ Keele Inst Appl Clin Sci Keele Staffs England Flinders Univ S Australia Coll Med & Publ Hlth Flinders Med Ctr Adelaide SA Australia Discipline Gastroenterol Adelaide SA Australia St Vincents Univ Hosp Surg Professorial Unit Dublin Ireland Univ Amsterdam Emma Childrens Hosp Dept Pediat Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr Amsterdam UMC Amsterdam Netherlands Alfred Hlth & Monash Univ Dept Gastroenterol Melbourne Vic Australia Kings Coll London Dept Nutr Sci London England Barts Hlth NHS Trust Gastroenterol Dept Royal London Hosp London England Univ Leeds Leeds Teaching Hosp Trust Leeds Gastroenterol Inst Leeds Inst Med Res St Jamess Leeds W Yorkshire England Univ Hosp Zurich Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol Zurich Switzerland Klin Arlesheim Digest Funct Basel Lab & Clin Motil Disorders & F Ctr Integrat Gastroenterol Arlesheim Switzerland Univ Nottingham Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Ctr Nottingham England Univ Nottingham Hosp NHS Trust & Univ Nottingham NIHR Nottingham Biomed Res Ctr BRC Nottingham England Aarhus Univ Hosp Dept Hepatol & Gastroenterol Aarhus Denmark Southampton Univ Hosp NHS Fdn Trust Dept Surg Southampton Hants England Univ Veracruzana Med Biol Res Inst Digest Physiol & Motil Lab Veracruz Veracruz Mexico Univ Nottingham Nottingham Digest Dis Ctr Sch Med Nottingham England

BAcKGROUND chronic constipation is a prevalent disorder that affects patients' quality of life and consumes resources in healthcare systems worldwide. In clinical practice, it is still considered a challenge as clinicians frequently are unsure as to which treatments to use and when. Over a decade ago, a Neurogastroenterology & Motility journal supplement devoted to the investigation and management of constipation was published (2009;21 (Suppl.2)). This included seven articles, disseminating all themes covered during a preceding 2-day meeting held in London, entitled "current perspectives in chronic constipation: a scientific and clinical symposium." In October 2018, the 3rd London Masterclass, entitled "contemporary management of constipation" was held, again over 2 days. All faculty members were invited to author two new review articles, which represent a collective synthesis of talks presented and discussions held during this meeting. PURPOSE This article represents the first of these reviews, addressing epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical associations, pathophysiology, and investigation. clearly, not all aspects of the condition can be covered in adequate detail;hence, there is a focus on particular "hot topics" and themes that are of contemporary interest. The second review addresses management of chronic constipation, covering behavioral, conservative, medical, and surgical therapies.

关键词： chronic constipation diagnosis epidemiology IBS‐ c investigation pathophysiology

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correlation between smoking habit and surgical outcomes on viral-associated hepatocellular carcinomas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第1期24卷 58-68页

作者： Keita Kai Sho Komukai Hiroki Koga Koutaro Yamaji Takao Ide Atsushi Kawaguchi Shinichi Aishima Hirokazu Noshiro Department of Pathology Saga University Hospital Clinical Research Center Saga University Hospital Department of Surgery Saga University Faculty of Medicine Department of Pathology and Microbiology Saga University Faculty of Medicine Center for Comprehensive Community Medicine Saga University Faculty of Medicine

AIM To investigate the association between smoking habits and surgical outcomes in hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma(Hcc)(B-Hcc) and hepatitis c virus(HcV)-related Hcc(c-Hcc) and clarify the clinicopathological features associated with smoking status in B-Hcc and c-Hcc *** We retrospectively examined the cases of the 341 consecutive patients with viral-associated Hcc(c-Hcc,n = 273; B-Hcc, n = 68) who underwent curative surgery for their primary lesion. We categorized smoking status at the time of surgery into never, exand current smoker. We analyzed the B-Hcc and c-Hcc groups' clinicopathological features and surgical outcomes, i.e., disease-free survival(DFS), overall survival(OS), and disease-specific survival(DSS).Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using a cox proportional hazards regression model. We also performed subset analyses in both patient groups comparing the current smokers to the other *** The multivariate analysis in the c-Hcc group revealed that current-smoker status was significantly correlated with both OS(P = 0.0039) and DSS(P = 0.0416).In the B-Hcc patients, no significant correlation was observed between current-smoker status and DFS, OS,or DSS in the univariate or multivariate analyses. The subset analyses comparing the current smokers to the other patients in both the c-Hcc and B-Hcc groups revealed that the current smokers developed Hcc at significantly younger ages than the other patients irrespective of viral infection *** A smoking habit is significantly correlated with the overall and disease-specific survivals of patients with c-Hcc. In contrast, the B-Hcc patients showed a weak association between smoking status and surgical outcomes.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis c virus Smoking Surgery Prognosis

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control of actin dynamics

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cURRENT OPINION IN cELL BIOLOGY 1998年第1期10卷 45-51页

作者： carlier, MF CNRS Lab Enzymol & Biochim Struct F-91198 Gif Sur Yvette France

Actin-based motility processes are tightly-linked to the rapid turnover of actin filaments. Factors that control the steady state of actin assembly, such as capping proteins and actin-depolymerizing factor/cofilin, directly affect motility. Actin-depolymerizing factor increases the treadmilling of actin filaments in vitro and in vivo. cellular factors that are involved in linking initiation of barbed end assembly to cell signaling are being identified using Listeria monocytogenes and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as model systems.

关键词： ADF actin-depolymerizing factor Arp actin-related protein cP capping protein c ss steady-state concentration of ATP·G-actin EVH1 Enabled/VASP homology 1 PIP 2 phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate VASP vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein WASP Wiscott—Aldrich syndrome protein

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cHOP promotes coelomocyte apoptosis through p38-MAPK pathway in Vibrio splendidus-challenged sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

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FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023年第1期138卷 108855页

作者： Li, Dongdong Guo, Ming Liang, Weikang Jin, chunhua Li, chenghua Ningbo Univ State Key Lab Managing Biot & Chem Threats Qual & Ningbo Peoples R China Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol Lab Marine Fisheries Sci & Food Prod Proc Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China Ningbo Univ Ningbo Peoples R China

ccAAT/enhancer-binding protein (c/EBP) homologous protein (cHOP) belongs to the c/EBP family of tran-scription factors that has been proven to regulate apoptosis in many vertebrate species. However, the functional role of cHOP in invertebrates is largely unknown. In this paper, the open reading frame of cHOP was cloned and characterized in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (AjcHOP). The deuced amino acid of AjcHOP shared a conserved RTP801_c domain from 63 to 171 aa. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that AjcHOP clustered with cHOPs from Lytechinus variegatus and Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. To confirm the immune function of AjcHOP, the time-course expression profiles of AjcHOP were investigated, and the findings revealed AjcHOP was significantly induced in coelomocytes at mRNA and protein levels after Vibro splendidus challenge. Furthermore, knockdown of AjcHOP in coelomocyes by siRNA transfection significantly decreased the apoptosis level induced by V. splendidus. Mechanically, AjcHOP-mediated apoptosis was dependent on the activation of p38-MAPK pathway but not JNK/ERK-MAPK. Overall, our results supported that V. splendidus triggers apoptosis among the coelomocytes, whereas AjcHOP mediates through the p38-MAPK pathway in A. japonicus.

关键词： c EBP homologous Protein Apoptosis MAPK Apostichopus japonicus

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cONFORMATIONAL-cHANGES IN cHLOROPLAST cOUPLING FAcTOR .1. ESR AND FLUOREScENcE STUDY

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JOURNAL OF PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 1989年第4期135卷 446-452页

作者： APOSTOLOVA, EL IVANOV, AG BULGARIAN ACAD SCI CENT LAB BIOPHYS ACAD G BONCHEV STR 21 BU-1113 SOFIA BULGARIA

The nitroxide- (N-/2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl-4-yl/maleimide) and fluorescent (N-/1-pyrene/maleimide) substituted sulfhydryl reagents were used as probes for assessing the local physical environment around specifically labeled dark- and light-accessible thiol sites in the chloroplast coupling factor 1 (cF1). Electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements indicated that the population of dark-accessible thiol sites is not homogeneous in respect to their rotational mobility and could consist of at least two classes, one strongly immobilized and one more weakly immobilized. In view of both ESR and fluorescence data, it can be seen that the microenvironment of the light-modified sulfhydryl site is more hydrophilic and its motional freedom is higher than those which are freely accessible to maleimides in the dark. The influence and possible physiological significance of energy dependent conformational changes within chloroplast cF1 on the proton gating mechanism through ATPase complex is discussed.

关键词： Pea chloroplasts ATPase complex maleimide modifications conformational changes ESR spectroscopy fluorescence 9AA 9-aminoacridine A iso hyperfine coupling constant ANS 8-anilino-l-naphthalene sulfonate cF 1 chloroplast coupling factor 1 DTT dithiothreitol EDTA ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid ESR electron spin resonance NEM N-ethylmaleimide PMS phenazine metha-sulfate PyrMal N-/1-pyrene/maleimide SLM N-/2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-l-oxyl-4-yl/ maleimide τ c rotation correlation time Tricine N-(tris/hydroxymethyl/methyl) glycine

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cost-effectiveness of apixaban and rivaroxaban in thromboprophylaxis of cancer patients treated with chemotherapy in Spain

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JOURNAL OF MEDIcAL EcONOMIcS 2023年第1期26卷 1145-1154页

作者： Munoz, Andres J. Ortega, Laura Gutierrez, Ana Gallardo, Enrique Rubio-Rodriguez, Dario Rubio-Terres, carlos Moron, Blanca Garcia-Alfonso, Pilar Soria, Jose Manuel Univ Complutense Med Oncol Serv Inst Invest Sanitaria Gregorio Maranon Madrid 28007 Spain Univ Autonoma Barcelona Parc Tauli Hosp Univ Inst Invest & Innovacio Parc Tauli i I3PT Med Oncol Serv Sabadell Spain Hlth Value Madrid Spain Hosp Santa Creu & Sant Pau Inst Recerca Barcelona Spain Hosp Gen Univ Gregorio Maranon C Doctor Esquerdo 46 Madrid 28007 Spain

Background Apixaban and rivaroxaban are two direct-acting oral anticoagulants (DOAcs) recommended for thromboprophylaxis in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy in an ambulatory setting. We aimed to assess the cost-utility of thromboprophylaxis with apixaban and rivaroxaban vs no thromboprophylaxis in ambulatory cancer patients starting chemotherapy with an intermediate-to-high risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE), Khorana score & GE;2 *** A cost-effectiveness analysis was performed from the perspective of Spain's National Health System (NHS) using an analytical decision model in the short-term (180 days) and a Markov model in the long-term (5 years). Transition probabilities were obtained from randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trials of apixaban and rivaroxaban in adult ambulatory patients with cancer at risk for VTE, treated with chemotherapy (AVERT and cASSINI trials). The costs (euro2,021) were taken from Spanish sources. The utilities of the model were obtained through the EQ-5D questionnaire. Deterministic (base case) and probabilistic (second-order Monte carlo simulation) analyses were *** In the probabilistic sensitivity analysis, apixaban generated a cost per patient of euro1,082 & PLUSMN;187, with a 95% confidence interval (cI) of euro713-1,442, while no prophylaxis produced a cost per patient of euro1,146 & PLUSMN;218, with a 95% cI of euro700-1,491, with a saving of euro64 per patient and a gain of 0.008 QALYs. Likewise, rivaroxaban provided a cost per patient of euro993 & PLUSMN;133, with a 95% cI of euro748-1,310, while no prophylaxis produced a cost per patient of euro872 & PLUSMN;152, with a 95% cI of euro602-1,250, with an additional expense of euro121 per patient and a gain of 0.008 *** In thromboprophylaxis of cancer patients, the use of apixaban and rivaroxaban generated similar costs compared to non-prophylaxis, without the difference found being statistically significant, with a cl

关键词： cost-effectiveness thromboprophylaxis cancer direct-acting oral anticoagulants venous thromboembolism D61 D6 D I10 I1 I c63 c6 c

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cOMPONENTS OF MIXED-FUNcTION OXIDASE OF HEPATIc MIcROSOMES OF FRESH-WATER FISHES

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GENERAL PHARMAcOLOGY 1975年第4期6卷 289-294页

作者： STANTON, RH KHAN, MAQ UNIV ILLINOIS DEPT BIOL SCICHICAGOIL 60680

1. 1. Varlations in hepatic mixed-function oxidase (MFO) ability to epoxidize and hydroxylate cyclodiene insecticides are observed among various freshwater fish. 2. 2. The rate of aldrin epoxidation in fish varies from 0·44 to 2·45 n-mole dieldrin formed/min/per mg protein as compared with 3·35 n-mole dieldrin formed/min/per mg protein in male mouse. 3. 3. The rate of metabolism of chlordene to its three products (1-hydroxychlordene, 2,3-epoxychlordene, and 1-hydroxy-2,3-epoxychlordene) varies from 0·59 to 2·15 in fishes as compared with 5·0 n-mole products/min/mg protein in male mouse. 4. 4. The ability of MFO to epoxidize aldrin appears to correlate with the concentration of P-450 and the activity of NADPH-cytochrome- c -reductase in the fish, Trout, Bluegill, and Kissing Gourami as well as in the mouse. 5. 5. The concentration of P-450 varies from 0·56 to 1·03 n-moles/mg protein in these three fish and can be lowered in the Trout, by starvation, from 0·56 to 1·19 n-moles P-450/mg protein. 6. 6. The P-450 of the fish, like that of the mouse, binds aliphatic chlorinated cyclodienes and hexobarbital as type I and aniline as type II substrates.

关键词： Fresh water fish mixed-function oxidase aldrin chlordene NADPH-cytochrome- c -reductase P-450 concentration relationship with MFO

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