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comparative epidemiology of three colletotrichum species complex causing Glomerella leaf spot on apple

EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY 2020年第2期158卷 473-484页

作者： Moreira, Rafaele Regina Bergamin Filho, Armando Zeviani, Walmes Marques May De Mio, Louise Larissa UFPR SCA Dept Plant Protect BR-81531980 Curitiba Parana Brazil Univ Sao Paulo ESALQ Dept Plant Pathol BR-13418900 Piracicaba SP Brazil UFPR Dept Stat BR-81531980 Curitiba Parana Brazil

Glomerella leaf spot (GLS) is an apple disease that is causing concern to growers in Brazil due to the increases in severity over the years and the difficulties in control. To date there are few studies on the temporal progress of this disease specially comparing species ofcolletotrichum. In Brasil the main species isc. fructicolafollowed byc. nymphaeae. It is not known the contribution of each species to the more or less aggressive behavior of the epidemic related to the different regions of apple production in Brazil. This study aimed to evaluate the temporal progress of GLS and to compare epidemiological differences betweencolletotrichumspecies in two apple cultivars. After modeling disease progress in two plots of experiments assessing the curve for each leaf (300 curves/plot, 30 twigs with 10 leaves each), we recommend the use of the non-linear logistic model with random effects. The simulated temperature range of different producing regions in Brazil (under growth chamber) did not influence the severity of the disease caused by each species studied:c. nymphaeae, c. fructicolaorc. karstii. Under controlled conditions of temperature and also in an experimental orchard,c. karstiidid not cause GLS symptoms in 'Eva' and was less severe in 'Gala' when compared toc. nymphaeaeandc. fructicola. Incubation period and latent period in 'Gala' were similar betweenc. nymphaeaeandc. fructicolaand greater when leaves were inoculated withc. karstii. In this study we demonstrated differences in GLS severity among species and between apple cultivars. We showed that the infection period and latent period are similar betweenc. fructicolaandc. nymphaeaeand they were equally severe at the same inoculation conditions. cultivar Eva, classified as resistant tocolletotrichumspp., can be infected byc. fructicolaandc. nymphaeae.

关键词： Glomerella leaf spot Malus domestica Pathogenicity c gloeosporioides c acutatum

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candida auris: a worrisome, globally emerging pathogen

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EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFEcTIVE THERAPY 2017年第9期15卷 819-827页

作者： Navalkele, Bhagyashri D. Revankar, Sanjay chandrasekar, Pranatharthi Wayne State Univ Detroit Med Ctr Div Infect Dis Detroit MI USA Wayne State Univ Infect Dis Fellowship Program Internal Med & Infect Dis Detroit MI USA Wayne State Univ Karmanos Canc Inst Internal Med & Infect Dis Div Infect Dis Detroit MI USA

Introduction: candida auris is a recently discovered, rapidly emerging fungal pathogen. Infections due to c. auris are hospital-acquired, multidrug resistant and associated with high *** covered: This review highlights epidemiology, pathogenesis, microbiological characteristics, clinical presentation, diagnostic challenges and treatment options of c. auris infections. Infection prevention measures to prevent spread of c. auris and special measures during an outbreak situation have also been *** commentary: Rapid emergence of hospital onset c. auris is worrisome. Early diagnosis of c. auris is essential for better outcomes and the implementation of infection prevention measures. Lack of widespread awareness, absence of general availability of diagnostic testing methods, and limited options for treatment of c. auris infections make it a difficult-to-treat pathogen. Further studies are needed for better understanding of this emerging pathogen.

关键词： Fungal infection candida c auris candidemia bloodstream infection

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Discovery of cc-99677, a selective targeted covalent MAPKAPK2 (MK2) inhibitor for autoimmune disorders

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TRANSLATIONAL RESEARcH 2022年 249卷 49-73页

作者： Malona, John chuaqui, claudio Seletsky, Boris M. Beebe, Lisa cantin, Susan Van Kalken, Daniel Fahnoe, Kelly Wang, Zhigang Browning, Beth Szabo, Hilary Koopman, Louise A. Oravecz, Tamas Mcdonald, Joseph J. Ramirez-valle, Francisco Gaur, Rajula Mensah, Kofi A. Thoams, Michael connarn, Jamie N. Hu, Haiqing Alexander, Matthew D. corin, Alan F. Bristol Myers Squibb Princeton NJ 08543 USA

As an anti-inflammatory strategy, MAPK-activated protein kinase-2 (MK2) inhibition can potentially avoid the clinical failures seen for direct p38 inhibitors, especially tachyphylaxis. cc-99677, a selective targeted covalent MK2 inhibitor, employs a rare chloropyrimidine that bonds to the sulfur of cysteine 140 in the ATP binding site via a nucleophilic aromatic substitutions (SNAr) mechanism. This irreversible mechanism translates biochemical potency to cells shown by potent inhibition of heat shock pro-tein 27 (HSP27) phosphorylation in LPS-activated monocytic THP-1 cells. The cytokine inhibitory profile of cc-99677 differentiates it from known p38 inhibitors, potentially suppressing a p38 pathway inflammatory response while avoiding tachyphylaxis. Dosed orally, cc-99677 is efficacious in a rat model of ankylosing spondylitis. Single doses, 3 to 400 mg, in healthy human volunteers show linear pharmacokinetics and apparent sustained tumor necrosis factor-a inhibition, with a favorable safety profile. These results support further development of cc-99677 for autoimmune diseases like ankylosing spondylitis.

关键词： AE adverse event ARE adenylate-uridylate-rich elements AS ankylosing spondylitis ATF2 activating transcription factor 2 AUc area under the curve BE biochemical efficiency c cysteine c140 cysteine 140 cAMKK2 calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase 2 cD crohn's disease cmax peak concentration cV coefficient of variance DYRK dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated Ec50 half-maximal effective concentration ERK5 extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 FGFR4 fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 FIH first in human HSP27 heat shock protein 27 HuR human antigen R Ic50 half-maximal inhibitory concentration IS internal standard Lc liquid chromatography LRRK2 leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 MALDI matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization MKP-1 MAPK phosphatase-1 McP-1 monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 MK2 MAPK-activated protein kinase-2 MK2i MK2 inhibitor MK3 MAPK-activated protein kinase-3 MS mass spectrometry MSD Meso Scale Discovery MSK1 mitogen- and stress-activated protein kinase 1 MS/MS tandem mass spectrometry MTHD methyltetrahydrodiazepinone NOMID neonatal-onset multisystem inflammatory disease pHSP27 HSP27 phosphorylation PK pharmacokinetics PMA phorbol myristate acetate PoA prevention of activation PRAK p38-regulated/activated protein kinase Qc quality control RA rheumatoid arthritis SILAc stable isotope labeling with amino acids SMaSh Streptavidin Mass Shift S N Ar nucleophilic aromatic substitutions STK40 serine/threonine kinase 40 TcI targeted covalent inhibitor Tmax time to cmax TTP tristetraprolin

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Anti-pyroptotic function of TGF-β is suppressed by a synthetic dsRNA analogue in triple negative breast cancer cells

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MOLEcULAR ONcOLOGY 2021年第5期15卷 1289-1307页

作者： Tamura, Yusuke Morikawa, Masato Tanabe, Ryo Miyazono, Kohei Koinuma, Daizo Univ Tokyo Dept Mol Pathol Grad Sch Med Tokyo Japan

Development of innovative therapeutic modalities would address an unmet clinical need in the treatment of triple negative breast cancer (TNBc). Activation of retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I)-like receptors (RLRs) such as melanoma differentiation-associated gene 5 (MDA5) and RIG-I in cancer cells is suggested to suppress tumor progression by inducing cell death. Transfection of polyI:c, a conventionally used synthetic double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) analogue that activates RLRs, has been evaluated in clinical trials. However, detailed mechanisms of tumor suppression by RLRs, especially interactions with other signaling pathways, remain elusive. Here, we showed that transfection of polyI:c suppressed transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) signaling in a MDA5- and RIG-I-dependent manner. We found that suppression of TGF-beta signaling by polyI:c promoted cancer cell death, which was attenuated by forced expression of constitutively active Smad3. More detailed analysis suggested that cell death by polyI:c transfection exhibited characteristics of pyroptosis, which is distinct from apoptosis. Therapeutic efficacy of polyI:c transfection was also demonstrated using a mouse model. These results indicated that intratumor administration of polyI:c and related dsRNA analogues may be promising treatments for TNBc through inhibition of the anti-pyroptotic function of TGF-beta.

关键词： polyI c pyroptosis RLR TGF‐ β TNBc

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The Role of Systemic Immunomodulatory Treatment and Prognostic Factors on chronic Ocular complications in Stevens-Johnson Syndrome

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OPHTHALMOLOGY 2015年第2期122卷 254-264页

作者： Kim, Dong Hyun Yoon, Kyung chul Seo, Kyoung Yul Lee, Hyo Seok Yoon, Sang chul Sotozono, chie Ueta, Mayumi Kim, Mee Kum Seoul Natl Univ Coll Med Dept Ophthalmol Seoul 110799 South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Hosp Clin Res Inst Seoul Artificial Eye Ctr Lab Ocular Regenerat Med & Immunol Seoul 110744 South Korea Chonnam Natl Univ Dept Ophthalmol Sch Med Kwangju South Korea Yonsei Univ Coll Med Dept Ophthalmol Inst Vis Res Seoul South Korea Kyoto Prefectural Univ Med Dept Ophthalmol Kyoto Japan

Purpose: To compare the effect of early systemic immunomodulatory treatment and to identify prognostic factors of chronic ocular complications in Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) patients. Design: Retrospective, comparative, multicenter study. Participants: Forty-three patients admitted to 1 of 3 University Hospitals (Seoul National University Hospital, chonnam National University Hospital, and Yonsei University Hospital) with a diagnosis of SJS or TEN who were followed up for at least 6 months in Korea. Methods: Patients were divided into 5 groups according to systemic immunomodulatory treatment received: systemic steroids (S), intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), combined S plus IVIG, systemic pulse steroids (PS), and supportive care only (c). Best-corrected visual acuity (BcVA) and chronic ocular surface complications score (cOcS;range, 0-15) at final follow-up were compared among the 5 groups. Prognostic factors at onset (age, gender, causative drugs, initial visual acuities, acute ocular involvement score [range, 0-3], acute systemic involvement score [range, 0-16], systemic steroid dose, IVIG dose, and amniotic membrane transplantation [AMT]) were analyzed to predict final BcVA or cOcS using logistic regression or linear regression analysis. Main Outcome Measures: Best-corrected visual acuity and cOcS at final follow-up. Results: The mean age and follow-up period of the patients was 30.5 +/- 21.0 years and 29.1 +/- 30.4 months, respectively. The acute systemic involvement score in the IVIG, S plus IVIG, and PS groups was significantly higher than that in the S and c groups (P < 0.001). However, final BcVA and cOcS were not significantly different between groups, even after statistical adjustment. High cOcS (>= 8 points) was associated with female gender (P = 0.012) and AMT at the acute stage (P = 0.040). High acute ocular and systemic involvement scores were associated with worse cOcS (P < 0.001), and cOcS showed good correlati

关键词： AMT amniotic membrane transplantation AOS acute ocular involvement score ASS acute systemic involvement score BcVA best-corrected visual acuity c supportive care cOcS chronic ocular surface complications score IVIG intravenous immunoglobulin logMAR logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution NSAID nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs OR odds ratio PS systemic pulse steroid S systemic steroids SJS Stevens-Johnson syndrome TEN toxic epidermal necrolysis

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Modified carbon black/nylon 6 fibres with excellent antistatic and mechanical properties

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MIcRO & NANO LETTERS 2019年第14期14卷 1376-1380页

作者： Zhang Xin Yin Shanshan Meng Yang Han Jian Su Juanjuan Zhejiang Sci Tech Univ Coll Mat & Text Zhejiang Prov Key Lab Ind Text Mat & Mfg Technol Hangzhou 310018 Peoples R China

Nylon 6 (PA6) fibre has many advantages such as high strength, wear resistance, light weight, and good elasticity. However, PA6 fibre is prone to deformation in use and the antistatic ability is poor. In this Letter, the dispersion of carbon black (cB) was improved by physical methods and then added to the nylon 6 (PA6). The authors had studied that the dispersion of modified and unmodified cB in PA6 fibres with excellent mechanical properties and electrical conductivity. The results of Zeta potential and particle size test showed that the size of the cB particle modified was decreased and the absolute value of Zeta potential on the surface was increased. The results of scanning electron microscopy showed that the cB had a good dispersion in PA6;the results of thermogravimetric and Fourier transform infrared analysis showed that polystyrene sodium sulphonate was successfully coated on the surface of cB;when 5% modified cB was added in PA6 fibres, the mechanical properties of PA6 were hold up well. Interestingly, when 5% cB modified was added in PA6 fibres, the resistance of cB modified/PA6 fibre with excellent mechanical properties was reached up to 4.89 X 10(11) Omega.

关键词： Low-dimensional structures: growth, structure and nonelectronic properties Deformation and plasticity nanocomposites antistatic properties Other heat and thermomechanical treatments Deformation, plasticity and creep Elasticity, elastic constants Structure of solid clusters, nanoparticles, nanotubes and nanostructured materials polystyrene sodium sulphonate c electrokinetic effects filled polymers PA6 fibre particle size test deformation scanning electron microscopy Photoelectron spectra of composite surfaces Electrochemistry and electrophoresis carbon black-nylon 6 fibres X-ray photoelectron spectra polymer fibres thermal analysis Fourier transform infrared analysis Tribology Zeta potential elasticity wear resistance cB particle modified Elasticity and anelasticity particle size Friction, lubrication, and wear carbon X-ray photoelectron spectrometry Fourier transform infrared spectra nanofabrication electrical conductivity Electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (photoelectron, Auger spectroscopy, etc.) thermogravimetry

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Observation of second flexural mode enhancement in graphene resonators

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ELEcTRONIcS LETTERS 2015年第13期51卷 1014-1016页

作者： chen, T. Mastropaolo, E. Bunting, A. cheung, R. Univ Edinburgh Scottish Microelect Ctr Edinburgh EH9 3JF Midlothian Scotland

The enhancement of the second flexural mode in a monolayer graphene resonator by an inhomogeneous electrostatic actuation force has been observed. The devices have been fabricated by transferring the graphene onto a poly-Si/SiO2/Si substrate whereby the poly-Si has been released to produce graphene resonators. Enhancement of the second harmonic has been demonstrated by varying the actuation voltage, achieving an amplitude enhancement of up to 95% of the fundamental mode. The reported findings open new perspectives for graphene resonant sensors with enhanced sensitivity.

关键词： graphene devices resonators monolayers electrostatics silicon compounds second flexural mode enhancement monolayer graphene resonator inhomogeneous electrostatic actuation force polysilicon second harmonic actuation voltage amplitude enhancement graphene resonant sensors Si-SiO2-Si c

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Graphene self-switching diode-based thermoelectric rectifier

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ELEcTRONIcS LETTERS 2020年第20期56卷 1069-1071页

作者： Kaushal, B. Garg, S. Prakash, K. Kasjoo, S. R. Kumar, S. Gupta, N. Singh, A. K. Punjab Engn Coll Dept Elect & Commun Engn Chandigarh India Univ Malaysia Perlis Sch Microelect Engn Arau 02600 Malaysia Punjab Engn Coll Dept Appl Sci Chandigarh India

This Letter demonstrates thermoelectric rectification in graphene self-switching diode (GSSD) on SiO2/Si substrate. Nanometre-scale nonlinear semiconductor device, called self-switching diode (SSD), has been utilised. Applied bias leads to a change in potential profile and effective channel width of GSSD resulting in diode like I-V characters. The excellent electronic properties of graphene potentially make it suitable for producing SSD's with high responsivity and low noise equivalent power (NEP). The designed GSSD demonstrates a high Seebeck coefficient (S) of 200 mu V/K voltage detection sensitivity, and NEP of 97.964 V/W and 0.6064 nW/Hz(1/2), respectively. Furthermore, the effect of applying backgate voltage on the Seebeck coefficient has also been demonstrated in this work. The GSSD is presented as a potential thermoelectric rectifier, which can convert the thermal energy into useful electrical energy.

关键词： graphene self-switching diode GSSD c Seebeck effect electronic properties Fullerene, nanotube and related devices semiconductor diodes thermoelectric rectifier voltage detection sensitivity thermal conductivity self-switching diode silicon compounds SSD silicon NEP nanometre-scale nonlinear semiconductor device electrical conductivity rectification thermal energy conversion SiO2-Si Junction and barrier diodes thermoelectric rectification Seebeck coefficient low noise equivalent power graphene devices diode like I–V characteristics elemental semiconductors electrical energy nanoelectronics

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current trends of liver cirrhosis in Mexico: Similitudes and differences with other world regions

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World Journal of clinical cases 2018年第15期6卷 922-930页

作者： Nahum Méndez-Sánchez Felipe Zamarripa-Dorsey Arturo Panduro Emma Purón-González Edgar Ulises coronado-Alejandro carlos Alejandro cortez-Hernández Fátima Higuera de la Tijera José Luis Pérez-Hernández Eira cerda-Reyes Heriberto Rodríguez-Hernández Vania césar cruz-Ramón Oscar Lenin Ramírez-Pérez Nancy Edith Aguilar-Olivos Olga Fabiola Rodríguez-Martínez Samantha cabrera-Palma Guillermo cabrera-álvarez Liver Research Unit Medica Sur Clinic and Foundation Department of Gastroenterology Hospital "Juárez" of México Department of Molecular Biology in Me-dicine Civil Hospital of Guadalajara "Fray Antonio Alcalde" Department of Internal Medicine "Christus Muguerza "Super Specialty" Hospital" Monterrey Department of Gas-troenterology "University Hospital "Jose Eleuterio González" Monterrey Department of Gastroenterology "General Hospital of Mexico "Dr.Eduardo Liceaga" Department of Gastroenterology "Central Military Hospital" Faculty of Medicine and Nutrition Juárez University of the State of Durango Liver Clinic Regional General Hospital IMSS 1

AIM To investigate the main current etiologies of cirrhosis in *** We performed a cross-sectional retrospective multicenter study that included eight hospitals in different areas of Mexico. These hospitals provide health care to people of diverse social classes. The inclusion criteria were a histological, clinical, biochemical, endoscopic, or imaging diagnosis of liver cirrhosis. Data were obtained during a 5-year period(January 2012-December 2017). RESULTS A total of 1210 patients were included. The mean age was 62.5 years(SD = 12.1), and the percentages of men and women were similar(52.0% vs 48.0%). The most frequent causes of liver cirrhosis were hepatitis c virus(HcV)(36.2%), alcoholic liver disease(ALD)(31.2%), and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(23.2%), and the least frequent were hepatitis B virus(1.1%), autoimmune disorders(7.3%), and other conditions(1.0%).cONcLUSION HcV and ALD are the most frequent causes of cirrhosis in Mexico. However, we note that non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) as an etiology of cirrhosis increased by 100% compared with the rate noted previously. We conclude that NAFLD will soon become one of the most frequent etiologies of liver cirrhosis in Mexico.

关键词： Alcoholic liver disease Hepatitis c virus Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis Liver cirrhosis

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LibcPIXE: A PIXE simulation open-source library for multilayered samples

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NUcLEAR INSTRUMENTS & METHODS IN PHYSIcS RESEARcH SEcTION B-BEAM INTERAcTIONS WITH MATERIALS AND ATOMS 2006年第1期249卷 820-822页

作者： Pascual-Izarra, c. Barradas, N. P. Reis, M. A. Univ Autonoma Madrid CMAM E-28049 Madrid Spain Inst Tecnol & Nucl P-2686953 Sacavem Portugal

Most particle induced X-ray emission (PIXE) data analysis codes are not focused on handling multilayered samples. We have developed an open-source library called "LibcPIXE", for PIXE data analysis. It is written in standard c and implements functions for simulating X-ray yields of PIXE spectra taken from arbitrary samples, including multilayered targets. The library is designed to be fast, portable, modular and scalable, as well as to facilitate its incorporation into any existing program. In order to demonstrate the capabilities of the library, a program called cPIXE was developed and used to analyze various real samples involving both bulk and layered samples. Just as the library, the cPIXE source code is freely available under the General Public License. We demonstrate that it runs both under GNU/Linux systems as well as under MS Windows. There is in principle no limitation to port it to other platforms. (c) 20.06 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： PIXE X-rays simulation c fortran GPL library

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