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Determining biota succession in a domestic wastewater pond system after treatment with a specific consortium microalgae

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JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH ScIENcE AND ENGINEERING 2022年第2期20卷 963-981页

作者： van den Berg, M. F. Botha, A. M. Bierman, A. Oberholster, P. Univ Stellenbosch Dept Genet Private Bag X1 ZA-7601 Stellenbosch South Africa Univ Stellenbosch Div Bioinformat Private Bag X1 ZA-7601 Stellenbosch South Africa Univ Free State Ctr Environm Management Private Bag 339 ZA-9300 Bloemfontein South Africa

Wastewater stabilization ponds (WSPs) rely on the metabolic activities of the inhabiting microbiota to treat wastewater. A selected consortium of chlorella vulgaris and chlorella protothecoides were used to manipulate the natural resident microalgae assemblage to improve the treatment performance of a domestic wastewater pond treatment system in a coastal region. Since information is lacking about the resulting influence on the composition or succession of the phytoplankton or associated microbiota assemblage, the current study aimed to determine how dosing with the microalgae c. vulgaris and c. protothecoides change the efficiency of wastewater effluent treatment, as well as the composition and succession of the natural occurring phytoplankton and microbial assemblage throughout WSP system. After a year of specific microalgae inoculations, the effluent in part complied with the standards set by the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry (DWAF) and the USA, Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). The cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa dominated the sixth (75%) and seventh pond (97%) before the inoculation with c. vulgaris and c. protothecoide commenced. After 12 inoculation events c. vulgaris and c. protothecoides were dominant in ponds three to seven while the dominant microbial groups were Bacteroidetes, cyanobacteria, Firmicutes, Planctomycetes, Proteobacteria, Spirochaetes, Synergistetes and Verrucomicrobia. After the microalgae treatment, the WSP effluent were more compliant regarding to the set guidelines for effluent than prior to microalgae treatment. Based on the ability of the c. vulgaris and c. protothecoides to improve the effluent water quality, it was evident that the consortium of microalgae can be use improve domestic wastewater effluent in rural nutrient sensitive catchments.

关键词： Microalgae Microbiota Wastewater stabilization ponds c vulgaris and c protothecoide

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cyclin B3 and dynein heavy chain cooperate to increase fitness in the absence of mdf-1/MAD1 in caenorhabditis elegans

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cELL cYcLE 2014年第19期13卷 3089-3099页

作者： Tarailo-Graovac, Maja Wong, Tammy Qin, Zhaozhao Flibotte, Stephane Taylor, Jon Moerman, Donald G. Rose, Ann M. chen, Nansheng Simon Fraser Univ Dept Mol Biol & Biochem Burnaby BC V5A 1S6 Canada Univ British Columbia Dept Zool Vancouver BC Canada Univ British Columbia Dept Med Genet Vancouver BC Canada

Spindle assembly checkpoint (SAc) ensures genome stability by delaying anaphase onset until all the chromosomes have achieved proper spindle attachment. Once correct attachment has been achieved, SAc must be silenced. In the absence of mdf-1/MAD1, an essential SAc component, caenorhabditis elegans cannot propagate beyond 3 generations. Previously, in a dog-1(gk10)/FANcJ mutator background, we isolated a suppressor of mdf-1(gk2) sterility (such-4) which allowed indefinite propagation in the absence of MDF-1. We showed that such-4 is a cyclin B3 (cyb-3) duplication. Here we analyze mdf-1 such-4;dog-1, which we propagated for 470 generations, with freezing of samples for long time storage at F-170 and F-270. Phenotypic analysis of this strain revealed additional suppression of sterility in the absence of MDF-1, beyond the effects of such-4. We applied oligonucleotide array comparative Genomic Hybridization (oacGH) and whole genome sequencing (WGS) and identified a further amplification of cyb-3 (triplication) and a new missense mutation in dynein heavy chain (dhc-1). We show that dhc-1(dot168) suppresses the mdf-1(gk2), and is the second cloned suppressor, next to cyb-3 duplication, that does not cause a delay in anaphase onset. We also show that amplification of cyb-3 and dhc-1(dot168) cooperate to increase fitness in the absence of MDF-1.

关键词： cyclin B3 (cyb-3) dynein heavy chain (dhc-1) mdf-1 MAD1 genome stability spindle assembly checkpoint (SAc) APc c anaphase promoting complex cyclosome cIN chromosome instability EMS ethyl methanesulfonate Him high incidence of males oacGH oligonucleotide array comparative Genomic Hybridization SAc spindle assembly checkpoint WGS whole genome sequencing

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cHOP promotes coelomocyte apoptosis through p38-MAPK pathway in Vibrio splendidus-challenged sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus

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FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2023年第1期138卷 108855页

作者： Li, Dongdong Guo, Ming Liang, Weikang Jin, chunhua Li, chenghua Ningbo Univ State Key Lab Managing Biot & Chem Threats Qual & Ningbo Peoples R China Qingdao Natl Lab Marine Sci & Technol Lab Marine Fisheries Sci & Food Prod Proc Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China Ningbo Univ Ningbo Peoples R China

ccAAT/enhancer-binding protein (c/EBP) homologous protein (cHOP) belongs to the c/EBP family of tran-scription factors that has been proven to regulate apoptosis in many vertebrate species. However, the functional role of cHOP in invertebrates is largely unknown. In this paper, the open reading frame of cHOP was cloned and characterized in the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus (AjcHOP). The deuced amino acid of AjcHOP shared a conserved RTP801_c domain from 63 to 171 aa. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that AjcHOP clustered with cHOPs from Lytechinus variegatus and Strongylocentrotus purpuratus. To confirm the immune function of AjcHOP, the time-course expression profiles of AjcHOP were investigated, and the findings revealed AjcHOP was significantly induced in coelomocytes at mRNA and protein levels after Vibro splendidus challenge. Furthermore, knockdown of AjcHOP in coelomocyes by siRNA transfection significantly decreased the apoptosis level induced by V. splendidus. Mechanically, AjcHOP-mediated apoptosis was dependent on the activation of p38-MAPK pathway but not JNK/ERK-MAPK. Overall, our results supported that V. splendidus triggers apoptosis among the coelomocytes, whereas AjcHOP mediates through the p38-MAPK pathway in A. japonicus.

关键词： c EBP homologous Protein Apoptosis MAPK Apostichopus japonicus

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Signaling mechanism of tumor cell-induced up-regulation of E3 ubiquitin ligase UBR2

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FASEB JOURNAL 2013年第7期27卷 2893-2901页

作者： Zhang, Guohua Lin, Ren-Kuo Kwon, Yong Tae Li, Yi-Ping Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston Dept Integrat Biol & Pharmacol Houston TX 77030 USA Univ Pittsburgh Ctr Pharmacogenet Pittsburgh PA USA Univ Pittsburgh Sch Pharm Dept Pharmaceut Sci Pittsburgh PA 15261 USA Seoul Natl Univ Grad Sch Convergence Sci & Technol Dept Mol Med & Biopharmaceut Sci World Class Univ Program Seoul South Korea Seoul Natl Univ Coll Med Seoul South Korea

The N-end rule pathway contributes significantly to accelerated muscle proteolysis mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway in various catabolic conditions. UBR2 (aka E3-II) is the only known E3 ubiquitin ligase of the N-end rule pathway that is up-regulated by cachectic stimuli including proinflammatory cytokines and tumors. However, the signaling mechanism through which UBR2 is up-regulated remains undetermined. Here we identify a signaling pathway that mediates tumor cell-induced up-regulation of UBR2. UBR2 expression in c2c12 myotubes was up-regulated by conditioned medium from Lewis lung carcinoma cells or c26 colon adenocarcinoma cells, which was blocked by a pharmacological inhibitor of p38/ mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), SB202190. Similarly, SB202190 administration (i.p.) abolished UBR2 up-regulation in the tibialis anterior of LLc tumor-bearing mice. Genetic gain and loss of function assays in c2c12 myotubes indicated that tumor-induced activation of the p38 isoform is sufficient and necessary for UBR2 up-regulation. In addition, UBR2 up-regulation required p38-mediated phosphorylation of ccAAT/enhancer binding protein (c/EBP)- Thr-188, which was critical to c/EBP binding to the UBR2 promoter. Furthermore, luciferase reporter assay revealed that the c/EBP binding motif in the UBR2 promoter is a functional c/EBP-responsive cis-element that enhances the promoter activity on activation by p38. Finally, genetic ablation of c/EBP blocked UBR2 up-regulation in LLc tumor-bearing mice. These results suggest that UBR2 up-regulation in cachectic muscle is mediated by the p38-c/EBP signaling pathway responsible for the bulk of tumor-induced muscle ***, G., Lin, R.-K., Kwon, Y. T., Li, Y.-P. Signaling mechanism of tumor cell-induced up-regulation of E3 ubiquitin ligase UBR2.

关键词： cachexia p38 MAPK c EBP gene regulation

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Santalum album extract exhibits neuroprotective effect against the TLR3-mediated neuroinflammatory response in human SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells

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PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARcH 2021年第4期35卷 1991-2004页

作者： Suganya, Kanmani Liu, Quan Feng Koo, Byung-Soo Dongguk Univ Dept Oriental Med Gyeogju South Korea Dongguk Univ Grad Sch Oriental Med Dept Oriental Neuropsychiat Gyeonggi Do South Korea

Neuroinflammation is an inflammatory response in the nervous system that is associated with various neurological diseases including Alzheimer's diseases and others. Many studies evaluated the anti-inflammatory potential of Santalum album (S. album) extract, but none of them analyzed its effects against neuroinflammatory response in vitro. In addition, the precise mechanism underlying the anti-inflammatory effect of the extract has not yet been elucidated. Therefore, in this study, we investigated the effect of S. album extract on modulation of toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3) agonist polyinosnic-polycytidylic acid (PolyI:c)-induced neuroinflammatory response in human neuroblastoma cells. The TLR3-mediated immune response was differentially modulated by S. album extract in SH-SY5Y cells. In addition, treatment of cells with the conditioned medium (cM) of S. album extract significantly increased the mRNA levels of IFN-beta, IFN-alpha, MxA and OAS-1 and decreased IL-6, cXcL8, ccL2 and IP-10. S. album extract has indirectly affected the expression of IFNs and inflammatory cytokines in SH-SY5Y cells. Furthermore, the extract was able to modulate PolyI:c-induced inflammatory response in caco2 cells. Overall, S. album was capable to attenuate PolyI:c-induced neuroinflammatory effect through the induction of TLR2, TLR4 and the modulation of TLR negative regulators of the TRAF3, IRF3 and NF-kappa B pathways.

关键词： immunomodulation neuroinflammation neuroprotection PolyI c Santalum album toll‐ like receptors

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Epigenetic regulation of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), lymphotactin (XcL1) and estrogen receptor alpha (ER) expression in human breast cancer cells

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cANcER BIOLOGY & THERAPY 2004年第12期3卷 1304-1312页

作者： Keen, Jc Garrett-Mayer, E Petit, c Mack, KM Manning, J Herman, JG Davidson, NE Johns Hopkins Univ Sidney Kimmel Comprehens Canc Ctr Baltimore MD 21231 USA

Absence of the estrogen receptor alpha ( ER) in human breast cancer cells is an indicator of poor prognosis, and predictive of lack of response to hormonal therapy. Previous studies in our laboratory and others have shown that epigenetic regulation, including DNA methylation and histone deacetylation, are common mechanisms leading to ER gene silencing. Through the use of pharmacologic inhibitors, 5-aza 2'deoxycytidine (AZA) and Trichostatin A (TSA), we have shown that alterations in both of these mechanisms results in synergistic reexpression of ER mRNA and functional protein. These alterations may play a larger role in stimulation of cell signaling pathways leading to ER expression. We have utilized newly developed genome wide screening microarray techniques to identify gene(s) contributing to the hormone independent phenotype and AZA/TSA mediated ER expression. From this screen, we identified and confirmed expression of 4 candidate genes (PP2A, XcL1, THY1 and NBc4) as potential regulators of the hormone independent phenotype. Expression of two genes, XcL1 and PP2A, appeared to be correlated with ER expression. PP2A expression was not changed with ER degradation using IcI 182,780 whereas XcL1 expression decreased in the presence of AZA/TSA and IcI 182,780. This suggests that PP2A may be a determinant of ER expression while XcL1 appears to be ER responsive and downstream of ER expression. These gene products may be novel targets to be further explored in the development of new therapeutics for ER negative breast cancer.

关键词： DNA Methylation Epigenesis Genetic Acetylation Azacitidine derivatives Breast Neoplasms chemokines c DNA Modification Methylases inhibitors Estrogen Receptor alpha Female Gene Expression Profiling Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic Histone Deacetylases Humans Hydroxamic Acids Lymphokines Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis Phosphoprotein Phosphatase RNA Messenger RNA Neoplasm Receptors Progesterone Research Support N.I.H. Extramural Research Support U.S. Gov't P.H.S. Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase chain Reaction Sialoglycoproteins Tumor cells cultured

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AcUTE LYMPHOcYTIc-LEUKEMIA IN ADULTS - A RETROSPEcTIVE STUDY AND ANALYSIS OF cURRENT MANAGEMENT OPTIONS

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MAYO cLINIc PROcEEDINGS 1994年第10期69卷 937-948页

作者： HO, TcH TEFFERI, A SU, JQS LITZOW, MR HOAGLAND, Hc NOEL, P MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN MAYO MED SCH DIV HEMATOL & INTERNAL MED ROCHESTER MN 55905 USA MAYO CLIN & MAYO FDN CTR CANC STAT UNIT ROCHESTER MN 55905 USA MAYO CLIN SCOTTSDALE DIV HEMATOL ONCOL & INTERNAL MED SCOTTSDALE AZ USA

Objective: To examine current therapeutic modalities for acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) in adults, analyze prognostic variables, and offer treatment recommendations. Design: We reviewed our experience with 90 adult patients with ALL examined at the Mayo clinic between 1982 and 1992 and used it as a background for discussion of prognostic factors and management options in adult patients with ALL. Material and Methods: The pretreatment characteristics of patients, types of induction chemotherapy, and postremission treatment, including bone marrow transplantation (BMT), were analyzed for prognostic significance for each of three outcomes: complete remission (cR) rate, duration of cR, and overall survival of patients. Results: Of the 90 study patients, 80 had received induction chemotherapy. Overall long-term survival for treated patients was 25%. None of the 10 patients younger than 18 years of age underwent BMT, and their long-term survival was 80%. Of the other 70 patients, who were 18 years old or older, 42 (60%) had a cR with induction chemotherapy. Of these 42 patients, 31 did not undergo BMT, and their long-term survival was less than 13%. BMT was done in six patients during a first cR (with 100% survival), in four during a later cR (with 50% survival), and in six with disease (with 17% survival). The median age of patients who received chemotherapy was 50 years (range, 19 to 87) and that of patients who underwent BMT was 34 years (range, 18 to 46), Overall, age was the only significant prognostic factor. conclusion: With our application of current chemotherapy, the outcome in adult patients (18 years old or older) with ALL was dismal. The results were considerably better in patients younger than 18 years of age or in those who underwent BMT as postremission therapy. comprehensive assessment of our experience and that in the literature, however, did not resolve issues about current management. Participation of patients in comparative trials is critical for dete

关键词： A Adriamycin (doxorubicin hydrochloride) ALL acute lymphocytic leukemia ara-c cytarabine BMT bone marrow transplantation c cyclophosphamide cHOP cyclophosphamide hydroxydaunomycin (Adriamycin) vincristine (Oncovin) and prednisone cR complete remission D daunorubicin hydrochloride MAcHO methotrexate l-asparaginase cyclophosphamide hydroxydaunomycin (Adriamycin) vincristine (Oncovin) and prednisone O Oncovin P prednisone Ph Philadelphia chromosome T thioguanine V vincristine sulfate

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INFLUENcE OF FLOOD-PREcONDITIONING AND DROUGHT ON LEAF GAS-EXcHANGE AND PLANT WATER RELATIONS IN SEEDLINGS OF PEcAN

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ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 1990年第4期30卷 489-495页

作者： SMITH, MW HUSLIG, SM Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture Oklahoma State University Stillwater OK 74078 U.S.A.

Four-month old seedlings of pecan [carya illinoensis (Wangenh) c. Koch] were either not flooded or flooded for 14 days, then transferred to well-drained conditions for 23 days. Water was withheld from one-half of the trees for 6 days, then trees were rewatered, and water was withheld from all trees. Leaf expansion, leaf dry weight, and the number of new leaves that developed were reduced by flooding, but not trunk or root dry weights. Evapotranspiration rates of flooded trees after transfer to well-drained conditions were initially higher than those of unflooded trees, but decreased to rates of control trees after 12 days. Flooding had no effect on photosynthesis after trees had been transferred to well-drained conditions for 23 days. Drought-stressed trees with leaf water potentials as low as -1.93 MPa had lower leaf photosynthetic cO2 assimilation rate (A), transpiration (E), and leaf conductance to cO2 (gt) as compared to well-watered trees. Leaf internal cO2 concentration(ci) was reduced only by the most severe water stress treatment. Water use rates and relative water content were lower at the permanent wilting point during a second drought stress when trees had been exposed previously to drought stress.

关键词： Leaf net photosynthetic rate ( A ) transpiration ( E ) leaf conductance to cO 2 ( g L ) leaf internal cO 2 concentration ( c i ) relative water content ( RWc ) leaf water potential ( ψ L ) leaf osmotic potential ( ψ s ) leaf turgor potential ( ψ p )

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control of actin dynamics

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cURRENT OPINION IN cELL BIOLOGY 1998年第1期10卷 45-51页

作者： carlier, MF CNRS Lab Enzymol & Biochim Struct F-91198 Gif Sur Yvette France

Actin-based motility processes are tightly-linked to the rapid turnover of actin filaments. Factors that control the steady state of actin assembly, such as capping proteins and actin-depolymerizing factor/cofilin, directly affect motility. Actin-depolymerizing factor increases the treadmilling of actin filaments in vitro and in vivo. cellular factors that are involved in linking initiation of barbed end assembly to cell signaling are being identified using Listeria monocytogenes and Saccharomyces cerevisiae as model systems.

关键词： ADF actin-depolymerizing factor Arp actin-related protein cP capping protein c ss steady-state concentration of ATP·G-actin EVH1 Enabled/VASP homology 1 PIP 2 phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate VASP vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein WASP Wiscott—Aldrich syndrome protein

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correlation between smoking habit and surgical outcomes on viral-associated hepatocellular carcinomas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第1期24卷 58-68页

作者： Keita Kai Sho Komukai Hiroki Koga Koutaro Yamaji Takao Ide Atsushi Kawaguchi Shinichi Aishima Hirokazu Noshiro Department of Pathology Saga University Hospital Clinical Research Center Saga University Hospital Department of Surgery Saga University Faculty of Medicine Department of Pathology and Microbiology Saga University Faculty of Medicine Center for Comprehensive Community Medicine Saga University Faculty of Medicine

AIM To investigate the association between smoking habits and surgical outcomes in hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma(Hcc)(B-Hcc) and hepatitis c virus(HcV)-related Hcc(c-Hcc) and clarify the clinicopathological features associated with smoking status in B-Hcc and c-Hcc *** We retrospectively examined the cases of the 341 consecutive patients with viral-associated Hcc(c-Hcc,n = 273; B-Hcc, n = 68) who underwent curative surgery for their primary lesion. We categorized smoking status at the time of surgery into never, exand current smoker. We analyzed the B-Hcc and c-Hcc groups' clinicopathological features and surgical outcomes, i.e., disease-free survival(DFS), overall survival(OS), and disease-specific survival(DSS).Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed using a cox proportional hazards regression model. We also performed subset analyses in both patient groups comparing the current smokers to the other *** The multivariate analysis in the c-Hcc group revealed that current-smoker status was significantly correlated with both OS(P = 0.0039) and DSS(P = 0.0416).In the B-Hcc patients, no significant correlation was observed between current-smoker status and DFS, OS,or DSS in the univariate or multivariate analyses. The subset analyses comparing the current smokers to the other patients in both the c-Hcc and B-Hcc groups revealed that the current smokers developed Hcc at significantly younger ages than the other patients irrespective of viral infection *** A smoking habit is significantly correlated with the overall and disease-specific survivals of patients with c-Hcc. In contrast, the B-Hcc patients showed a weak association between smoking status and surgical outcomes.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Hepatitis B virus Hepatitis c virus Smoking Surgery Prognosis

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