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Elevated efficiency of c₃ photosynthesis in bamboo grasses: A possible consequence of enhanced refixation of photorespired cO₂

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GLOBAL cHANGE BIOLOGY BIOENERGY 2021年第6期13卷 941-954页

作者： Peixoto, Murilo M. Sage, Tammy L. Busch, Florian A. Pacheco, Haryel D. N. Moraes, Moemy G. Portes, Tomas A. Almeida, Rogerio A. Graciano-Ribeiro, Dalva Sage, Rowan F. Univ Fed Goias Programa Posgrad Biodiversidade Vegetal Inst Ciencias Biol Goiania Go Brazil Univ Toronto Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol 25 Willcocks St Toronto ON M5S 3B2 Canada Univ Birmingham Birmingham Inst Forest Res Sch Biosci Birmingham W Midlands England Univ Fed Goias Escola Agron Goiania Go Brazil Washington State Univ Sch Biol Sci Pullman WA 99164 USA

Bamboos are productive grasses that currently yield a high-quality wood and potentially an abundance of lignocellulose for bioenergy. All are c-3 grasses of warm habitats, where they are prone to significant photorespiratory inhibition and competitive suppression by c-4 grasses. Here, we investigate whether three bamboo species from the Brazilian cerrado (Dendrocalamus asper, Guadua angustifolia, and Guadua magna) exhibit unique adaptations that suppress photorespiratory costs and enhance photosynthetic efficiency. We evaluated photosynthetic efficiency of the bamboos and rice (Oryza sativa) by measuring c-*, the cO2 compensation point in the absence of mitochondrial respiration. At 25celcius, c-* averaged 2.81 Pa in each of the bamboo species, which is closer to a c-2 plant (2.71 Pa) than the c-3 plant rice (3.31 Pa). Assuming a chloroplast cO2 concentration of 200 mu mol mol(-1), this represents an 18% lower cost of apparent photorespiration in bamboo than rice. Light and transmission electronic microscopy of the bamboo leaves exhibited few organelles in the bundle and mestome sheath cells, and mesophyll (M) cells are deeply lobed with 99% of the cell periphery adjacent to intercellular air space covered by chloroplast and stromules. The chloroplast layer in bamboo M cells is thick, with mitochondria adjacent to or engulfed by chloroplasts. This arrangement slows cO2 efflux and facilitates refixation of photorespired cO2, which could explain the low c-* in the bamboos. The bamboos also had higher water use efficiency than rice, which may reflect efficient refixation of photorespired cO2.

关键词： Bambuseae c (*) c-3 photosynthesis cO2 refixation Dendrocalamus Guadua photorespiration water use efficiency

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Waste biomass derived carbon supported Mo2c/c composite materials for heavy metal adsorption and hydrogen evolution reaction

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MATERIALS TODAY cOMMUNIcATIONS 2022年 31卷

作者： Ding, Jun He, Wenzhi Yu, chao Liu, Zhenglong Deng, chengji Zhu, Hongxi Wuhan Univ Sci & Technol State Key Lab Refractories & Met Wuhan 430081 Peoples R China

Application of waste biomass resources in heavy metal adsorption and new energy development is of great significance to improving environmental pollution and the adjustment of energy structure. For this purpose, we designed a simple method for preparing porous Mo2c/c composite materials based on resource-rich biomass carbon (derived from waste pine wood) and ammonium molybdate, and successfully applied it to the above field. The effects of holding time and sintering temperature on the phase compositions and morphological structures of samples were investigated, and the heavy adsorption capacity (cr(III)) and hydrogen evolution reaction of composite materials were also studied. The results showed that porous biomass Mo2c/c composite materials had significantly higher oxidation resistance, and more prominent pore structure as compared to the pretreated biomass carbon. In addition, porous biomass Mo2c/c composite materials showed excellent adsorption performance for heavy metal cr(III) and catalytic hydrogen evolution reaction performance, its adsorption capacity and Tafel slope were 43.2 mg/g and 123.9 mV/dec, respectively.

关键词： Porous biomass Mo (2) c c Biomass carbon Heavy metal adsorption Hydrogen evolution reaction cr(III)

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3D In-Situ characterizations of Damage Evolution in c/Sic composite under Monotonic Tensile Loading by Using X-Ray computed Tomography

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APPLIED cOMPOSITE MATERIALS 2020年第3期27卷 119-130页

作者： Wang, Long Zhang, Wei Li, Haibo Hou, chuantao Ren, Fang Beijing Inst Struct & Environm Engn Sci & Technol Reliabil & Environm Engn Lab 1 South Dahongmen Rd Beijing 100076 Peoples R China

The damage evolution and fracture behavior in the bulk of c/Sic material under monotonic tensile loading have been investigated with the 3D in-situ observations by using X-ray cT. crack initiated inside the matrix within 0.02 mm below surface when the load was only 19% of the failure strength, and propagated to the surface of matrix and towards the interior of specimen by breaking fibers and matrix when the load was above the elastic limit. With the further increasing of loading, other fiber breaks, matrix breaks and delaminations were observed to initiate and propagate both on the surface and in the bulk of specimen, while the cracks nucleating in the bulk of specimen are generally located at the laminae with a high volume fraction of pores. With the further propagations of cracks, the specimen split in the laminae with a large quantity of pores, while the fiber drawings results in the final fracture in the laminae without a large quantity of pores. The novel method being proposed to characterize the distribution of pores in this paper highlights the relation between the distribution of pores in the bulk of the studied material and cracks initiations and final fracture.

关键词： X-ray computed tomography In-situ observations c Sic composite Damage evolution Fracture

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GPS spoofer countermeasure effectiveness based on signal strength, noise power, and c/N0 measurements

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SATELLITE cOMMUNIcATIONS AND NETWORKING 2012年第4期30卷 181-191页

作者： Jahromi, Ali Jafarnia Broumandan, Ali Nielsen, John Lachapelle, Gerard Univ Calgary Geomat Engn Dept Posit Locat & Nav PLAN Grp Calgary AB Canada Univ Calgary Dept Elect & Comp Engn Calgary AB Canada

Spoofing sources can effectively disrupt a GPS receiver during the acquisition phase by generating multiple false correlation peaks and increasing the noise floor. Such deceptive correlation peaks can mislead the GPS receiver into acquiring the spoofer generated signals rather than the authentic signals. Also, the spoofer can increase the receiver noise floor to bury the authentic signals in the noise and at the same time generate correlation peaks with amplitudes commensurate with reasonable c/N0 expectations. The main focus of this paper is on assessment of the reduced effectiveness of the GPS spoofer countermeasure during acquisition where the GPS receiver utilizes c/N0 discrimination. As shown, whereas the c/N0 discrimination is of limited effectiveness, with a modest circuit modification, the receiver can measure the absolute power of the correlation peaks, which is an effective means of detecting and discriminating spoofer sources. It will be shown that employing absolute power monitoring technique considerably reduces the vulnerability region of the receiver compared with the c/N0 monitoring techniques. copyright (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： GPS anti-spoofing c N0 analysis noise power analysis absolute power analysis

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Preparation of PdAucu/c as a Highly Active catalyst for the Reduction of 4-Nitrophenol by controlling the Deposition of Noble Metals

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cHEMISTRY-AN ASIAN JOURNAL 2021年第2期16卷 165-173页

作者： Duan, Ying Ma, Yangyang Xie, Yanfu Li, Dongmi Deng, Dongsheng Zhang, chi Yang, Yanliang Luoyang Normal Univ Coll Chem & Chem Engn Henan Key Lab Funct Oriented Porous Mat Luoyang 471934 Peoples R China Luoyang Normal Univ Coll Food & Drug Luoyang 471934 Peoples R China Henan Agr Univ Coll Food Sci & Technol 95 Wenhua Rd Zhengzhou 450002 Peoples R China

The reasonable control of the dispersion of noble metals is an important topic for heterogeneous catalysts. In this manuscript, Pdcu/c, Aucu/c and PdAucu/c were prepared by the galvanic reduction method to ensure that Pd and Au follow the distribution of cu nanoparticles. The catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive spectrometer elemental mappings and lines scans. Both the Pd and Au had very high dispersion no matter whether they were introduced individually or simultaneously. The Pd and Au were distributed mainly on the cu nanoparticles as evidenced by the energy-dispersive spectrometer elemental mappings and lines scans. The reduction of 4-nitrophenol was used as a model reaction for the prepared catalysts. Pdcu/c and Aucu/c showed high activity for this reaction compared to the literature, and the activity could be further increased by the introduction of Pd and Au in an appropriate ratio at the same time. The normalized reaction rate reached 2.005 s(-1) mM(-1) for the PdAucu/c-2.0, in which the mole ratio of Pd to Au was 2.0.

关键词： PdAucu c galvanic reduction 4-nitrophenol NaBH4

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Robust Electrodes Based on coaxial Tic/c-MnO2 core/Shell Nanofiber Arrays with Excellent cycling Stability for High-Performance Supercapacitors

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SMALL 2015年第15期11卷 1847-1856页

作者： Zhang, Xuming Peng, Xiang Li, Wan Li, Limin Gao, Biao Wu, Guosong Huo, Kaifu chu, Paul K. City Univ Hong Kong Dept Phys & Mat Sci Kowloon Hong Kong Peoples R China Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Wuhan Natl Lab Optoelect Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China

A coaxial electrode structure composed of manganese oxide-decorated Tic/c core/shell nanofiber arrays is produced hydrothermally in a KMnO4 solution. The pristine Tic/c core/shell structure prepared on the Ti alloy substrate provides the self-sacrificing carbon shell and highly conductive Tic core, thus greatly simplifying the fabrication process without requiring an additional reduction source and conductive additive. The as-prepared electrode exhibits a high specific capacitance of 645 F g(-1) at a discharging current density of 1 A g(-1) attributable to the highly conductive Tic/c and amorphous MnO2 shell with fast ion diffusion. In the charging/discharging cycling test, the as-prepared electrode shows high stability and 99% capacity retention after 5000 cycles. Although the thermal treatment conducted on the as-prepared electrode decreases the initial capacitance, the electrode undergoes capacitance recovery through structural transformation from the crystalline cluster to layered birnessite type MnO2 nanosheets as a result of dissolution and further electrodeposition in the cycling. 96.5% of the initial capacitance is retained after 1000 cycles at high charging/discharging current density of 25 A g(-1). This study demonstrates a novel scaffold to construct MnO2 based Scs with high specific capacitance as well as excellent mechanical and cycling stability boding well for future design of high-performance MnO2-based Scs.

关键词： supercapacitors MnO2 Tic c nanostructures structural transformations cycling stability electrodes

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ZNF143 protein is an important regulator of the myeloid transcription factor c/EBP

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JOURNAL OF BIOLOGIcAL cHEMISTRY 2017年第46期292卷 18924-18936页

作者： Gonzalez, David Luyten, Annouck Bartholdy, Boris Zhou, Qiling Kardosova, Miroslava Ebralidze, Alex Swanson, Kenneth D. Radomska, Hanna S. Zhang, Pu Kobayashi, Susumu S. Welner, Robert S. Levantini, Elena Steidl, Ulrich chong, Gilbert collombet, Samuel choi, Min Hee Friedman, Alan D. Scott, Linda M. Alberich-Jorda, Meritxell Tenen, Daniel G. Natl Univ Singapore Canc Sci Inst Singapore 117599 Singapore Harvard Med Sch Harvard Stem Cell Inst Boston MA 02115 USA ASCR Inst Mol Genet Videnska 1083 Prague 14220 Czech Republic Charles Univ Prague Childhood Leukaemia Invest Prague Univ Hosp Motol Fac Med 2 Prague 15006 Czech Republic Harvard Med Sch Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr Boston MA 02115 USA Univ Alabama Birmingham Hematol Oncol Dept Birmingham AL 35294 USA CNR Inst Biomed Technol I-56124 Pisa Italy Johns Hopkins Univ Baltimore MD 21231 USA Univ Queensland Diamantina Inst Translat Res Inst Brisbane Qld 4102 Australia Ohio State Univ Comprehens Canc Ctr Columbus OH 43210 USA Albert Einstein Coll Med Dept Cell Biol New York NY 10461 USA Albert Einstein Coll Med Dept Med Oncol New York NY 10461 USA

The transcription factor c/EBP is essential for myeloid differentiation and is frequently dysregulated in acute myeloid leukemia. Although studied extensively, the precise regulation of its gene by upstream factors has remained largely elusive. Here, we investigated its transcriptional activation during myeloid differentiation. We identified an evolutionarily conserved octameric sequence, cccAGcAG, approximate to 100 bases upstream of the cEBPA transcription start site, and demonstrated through mutational analysis that this sequence is crucial for c/EBP expression. This sequence is present in the genes encoding c/EBP in humans, rodents, chickens, and frogs and is also present in the promoters of other c/EBP family members. We identified that ZNF143, the human homolog of the Xenopus transcriptional activator STAF, specifically binds to this 8-bp sequence to activate c/EBP expression in myeloid cells through a mechanism that is distinct from that observed in liver cells and adipocytes. Altogether, our data suggest that ZNF143 plays an important role in the expression of c/EBP in myeloid cells.

关键词： ccAAT-enhancer-binding protein (c EBP) gene regulation hematopoiesis promoter transcription factor c EBPalpha ZNF143

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Histone demethylase KDM5A is transactivated by the transcription factor c/EBP and promotes preadipocyte differentiation by inhibiting Wnt/-catenin signaling

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JOURNAL OF BIOLOGIcAL cHEMISTRY 2019年第24期294卷 9642-9654页

作者： Guo, Liang Guo, Ying-Ying Li, Bai-Yu Peng, Wan-Qiu Tang, Qi-Qun Fudan Univ Key Lab Metab & Mol Med Minist Educ Dept Biochem & Mol BiolSch Basic Med Sci Shanghai 200032 Peoples R China Fudan Univ Dept Endocrinol & Metab Zhongshan Hosp Shanghai 200032 Peoples R China

beta-catenin signaling is triggered by WNT proteins and is an important pathway that negatively regulates adipogenesis. However, the mechanisms controlling the expression of WNT proteins during adipogenesis remain incompletely understood. Lysine demethylase 5A (KDM5A) is a histone demethylase that removes trimethyl (me3) marks from lysine 4 of histone 3 (H3K4) and serves as a general transcriptional corepressor. Here, using the murine 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation model and an array of biochemical approaches, including chIP, immunoprecipitation, RT-qPcR, and immunoblotting assays, we show that Kdm5a is a target gene of ccAAT/enhancer-binding protein (c/EBP), an important early transcription factor required for adipogenesis. We found that c/EBP binds to the Kdm5a gene promoter and transactivates its expression. We also found that siRNA-mediated KDM5A down-regulation inhibits 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation. The KDM5A knockdown significantly up-regulates the negative regulator of adipogenesis Wnt6, having increased levels of the H3K4me3 mark on its promoter. We further observed that WNT6 knockdown significantly rescues adipogenesis inhibited by the KDM5A knockdown. Moreover, we noted that c/EBP negatively regulates Wnt6 expression by binding to the Wnt6 gene promoter and repressing Wnt6 transcription. Further experiments indicated that KDM5A interacts with c/EBP and that their interaction cooperatively inhibits Wnt6 transcription. Of note, c/EBP knockdown impaired the recruitment of KDM5A to the Wnt6 promoter, which had higher H3K4me3 levels. Our results suggest a mechanism involving c/EBP and KDM5A activities that down-regulates the Wnt/-catenin pathway during 3T3-L1 preadipocyte differentiation.

关键词： adipogenesis ccAAT enhancer-binding protein (c EBP) histone demethylase Wnt signaling beta-catenin (B-catenin) epigenetics post-translational modification (PTM) obesity chromatin immunoprecipitation (chiP) 3T3-L1 preadipocyte adipogenesis c EBPbeta lysine demethylase 5A (KDM5A) Wnt beta-catenin pathway fat cell chIP-on-chip

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EXPLOITING MULTIMEDIA EXTENSIONS IN c++: A PORTABLE APPROAcH

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cOMPUTING IN ScIENcE & ENGINEERING 2012年第5期14卷 72-77页

作者： Esterie, Pierre Gaunard, Mathias Falcou, Joel Lapreste, Jean-Thierry Univ Paris Sud LRI Paris France

Single instruction, multiple data (SIMD) extensions have been a feature of choice for processor manufacturers for a couple of decades. Designed to provide significant accelerations, they require expertise, the use of potentially fragile compiler support, or vendor-specific libraries. Here, a c++ template library called *** is presented that simplifies the exploitation of SIMD hardware within a standing c++ programming model.

关键词： Scientific computing computational Modeling Hardware Instruction Sets Programming Scientific computing SIMD Hardware c computational Science Scientific Programming

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Frama-c: A software analysis perspective

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FORMAL ASPEcTS OF cOMPUTING 2015年第3期27卷 573-609页

作者： Kirchner, Florent Kosmatov, Nikolai Prevosto, Virgile Signoles, Julien Yakobowski, Boris CEA LIST Software Reliabil Lab F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette France

Frama-c is a source code analysis platform that aims at conducting verification of industrial-size c programs. It provides its users with a collection of plug-ins that perform static analysis, deductive verification, and testing, for safety- and security-critical software. collaborative verification across cooperating plug-ins is enabled by their integration on top of a shared kernel and datastructures, and their compliance to a common specification language. This foundational article presents a consolidated view of the platform, its main and composite analyses, and some of its industrial achievements.

关键词： Formal verification Static analysis Dynamic analysis c

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