In order to make carbon/carbon composites suitable for application in gas turbine engine, it is necessary to develop environmental barrier coatings (EBcs) to protect them from reacting with water vapor. In our previou...
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In order to make carbon/carbon composites suitable for application in gas turbine engine, it is necessary to develop environmental barrier coatings (EBcs) to protect them from reacting with water vapor. In our previous work, a novel high-entropy rare-earth disilicate (Lu0.2Yb0.2Er0.2Tm0.2Sc0.2)2Si2O7 ((5RE0.2)2Si2O7) has been developed and verified as a promising candidate for EBcs. In this work, the (5RE0.2)2Si2O7 coating was syn-thesized on the surface of Siccoated c/ccomposites by supersonic atmospheric plasma spraying method. The protective performance and mechanism of this coating under high temperature water vapor environment was explored in detail. Results showed that the weight change of the sample coated with (5RE0.2)2Si2O7 was only 0.2% after corrosion for 100 h at 1500 oc, which proved that (5RE0.2)2Si2O7 coating could significantly improve the resistance of c/ccomposites against water vapor corrosion. This work may provide theoretical basis for the design and application of high-entropy rare-earth silicates as EBcs.
Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) has excellent oxidation resistance, self-healing function, and self-lubricating properties, which can significantly improve the oxidation resistance of c/c-Siccomposites in low or mediu...
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Hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) has excellent oxidation resistance, self-healing function, and self-lubricating properties, which can significantly improve the oxidation resistance of c/c-Siccomposites in low or medium temperature condition and affect their tribological properties and mechanisms. In this work, c/c-Sic and c/c-BN-Siccomposites were prepared by the same molding, carbonization and liquid silicon infiltration (LSI) processes and the influences of h-BN addition on their microstructure, tribological properties, and mechanisms were investigated. h-BN addition can promote the formation of friction film and reduce the oxidation wear of the composites. compared with c/c-Siccomposites, due to more lubricant components and different matrix structure, the c/c-BN-Siccomposite shows lower wear rate (reduced by 53%) and moderate rather than too high coefficient of friction (coF) and its coF is less influenced by braking velocity. Moreover, the friction process is more stable and does not appear clamping stagnation phenomenon in high braking speed condition.
Adopting orthogonal experiments, relevant machinability in wire cut electrical discharge machining (WEDM) of 2D c/Siccomposite was studied. The effects of electrical machining parameters (namely pulse width, pulse in...
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Adopting orthogonal experiments, relevant machinability in wire cut electrical discharge machining (WEDM) of 2D c/Siccomposite was studied. The effects of electrical machining parameters (namely pulse width, pulse interval, and the number of tubes) on machining speed and surface roughness were analyzed. In addition, the effect of fiber orientations on the machinability was also studied. The main effect and interaction of the selected electrical machining parameters were also discussed. The key results show that the fiber orientation effect on machining speed plays a weaker role in WEDM of this composite. For machining speed, the number of tubes and the pulse interval have no interaction in both of machining directions A and B. For surface roughness, the number of tubes and the pulse interval have obvious interaction in both of machining directions A and B. The fiber orientation has a larger effect on the surface roughness than that on machining speed in WEDM of this composite. After analyzing the material removal mechanism, some new significant results show that the carbon fibers are removed in the form of transverse and longitudinal fracture. Interfacial debonding between fiber carbon and Sic matrix, pit, and recast layer form on the machined surface. Micro cracks are observed in the carbon fiber, and a part of the micro cracks are cross.
Rotary ultrasonic milling technology (RUM), as a surface strengthening machining method, was proposed to utilize in processing of c/Siccomposites for enhancing anti-fatigue performance innovatively. Static tensile, i...
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Rotary ultrasonic milling technology (RUM), as a surface strengthening machining method, was proposed to utilize in processing of c/Siccomposites for enhancing anti-fatigue performance innovatively. Static tensile, intermittent fatigue and residual strength test were carried out. Due to constant impingement of high-frequency and low-amplitude vibration, surface residual compressive stress was formed near 2 GPa maximally. Axial thermal residual stress in fiber achieved -662.4 MPa proved by loading-unloading test. The peak value of fatigue damage parameter was reduced significantly. RUM surface restrains most of interface cracks because of residual compressive stress, and hinder the growth of fiber cracks for better machined surface quality. The damage accumulation, the first stress redistribution and fiber reinforcement stage were delayed. Average damage rate was decreased by 80.5 %. Residual tensile strength of RUM c/Sic was improved after fatigue, up to 95.8 % of tensile strength. The strengthening effect from RUM on fatigue property of c/Sic is significant and valuable.
In this article, the small-signal equivalent circuit model of SiGe:c heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) has directly been extracted from S-parameter data. Moreover, in this article, we present a new modelling a...
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In this article, the small-signal equivalent circuit model of SiGe:c heterojunction bipolar transistors (HBTs) has directly been extracted from S-parameter data. Moreover, in this article, we present a new modelling approach using ANFIS (adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system), which in general has a high degree of accuracy, simplicity and novelty (independent approach). Then measured and model-calculated data show an excellent agreement with less than 1.68x10(-5)% discrepancy in the frequency range of higher than 300 GHz over a wide range of bias points in ANFIS. The results show ANFIS model is better than ANN (artificial neural network) for redeveloping the model and increasing the input parameters.
D cryo-plate method was successfully adapted for storage at - 80 degrees c and - 196 degrees c of Allium shoot tips. The optimal D cryo-plate method using garlic shoot tips for the storage at - 80 degrees c and - 196 ...
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D cryo-plate method was successfully adapted for storage at - 80 degrees c and - 196 degrees c of Allium shoot tips. The optimal D cryo-plate method using garlic shoot tips for the storage at - 80 degrees c and - 196 degrees c includes preculture of shoot tips for 2 days at 25 degrees c on solidified 1/2 MS medium containing 0.3 M sucrose, then placing them in wells on an aluminum cryo-plate, embedded in calcium alginate gel. Osmoprotection was performed by immersing the cryo-plates with shoot tips for 30 min at 25 degrees c in 2.0 M glycerol and 1.0 M sucrose. The optimal dehydration time of shoot tips was for 30 to 180 min at 25 degrees c. cooling was performed by transferring the samples on the cryo-plate into 2 ml cryotubes, then cooling into a deep freezer at - 80 degrees c for 14 days or directly plunging into liquid nitrogen (- 196 degrees c) for 60 min. The regrowth rate of shoot tips stored both at - 80 degrees c and - 196 degrees c was almost 100%. This optimized procedure was applied to seven Allium spp. The average regrowth rates after cooling at - 80 degrees c and - 196 degrees c were 95.3 and 94.0%, respectively. Thus, the storage of shoot tips at - 80 degrees c using D cryo-plate method is considered to be efficiently applicable for practical genebank storage. Key message D cryo-plate method was successfully adapted for storage at - 80 degrees c of Allium shoot tips. Grass transition temperature of shoot tips after air desiccation were - 39.4 degrees c.
Many critical codebases are written in c, and most of them use preprocessor directives to encode variability, effectively encoding software product lines. These preprocessor directives, however, challenge any staticc...
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Many critical codebases are written in c, and most of them use preprocessor directives to encode variability, effectively encoding software product lines. These preprocessor directives, however, challenge any staticcode analysis. SPLlift, a previously presented approach for analyzing software product lines, is limited to Java programs that use a rather simple feature encoding and to analysis problems with a finite and ideally small domain. Other approaches that allow the analysis of real-world c software product lines use special-purpose analyses, preventing the reuse of existing analysis infrastructures and ignoring the progress made by the static analysis community. This work presents VarAlyzer, a novel static analysis approach for software product lines. VarAlyzer first transforms preprocessor constructs to plain c while preserving their variability and semantics. It then solves any given distributive analysis problem on transformed product lines in a variability-aware manner. VarAlyzer 's analysis results are annotated with feature constraints that encode in which configurations each result holds. Our experiments with 95 compilation units of OpenSSL show that applying VarAlyzer enables one to conduct inter-procedural, flow-, field- and context-sensitive data-flow analyses on entire product lines for the first time, outperforming the product-based approach for highly-configurable systems.
Taking the advantages of porous ceramic (c/c-Siccomposite) and transpiration cooling (copper alloy), c/c-Sic-cu composite was fabricated to attain a novel anti-ablation material for high temperature structure applica...
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Taking the advantages of porous ceramic (c/c-Siccomposite) and transpiration cooling (copper alloy), c/c-Sic-cu composite was fabricated to attain a novel anti-ablation material for high temperature structure application of aerospace systems, via chemical vapor deposition and infiltration technologies. The effects of Siccontent on microstructure, thermal conductivity, mechanical and ablation properties of c/c-Sic-cu composite were investigated. As the Siccontent increases from 0 vol% to 25.12 vol%, thermal conductivity, flexural strength and ablation resistance are improved by 84.99%, 78.76% and 53.68%, respectively. Thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity exhibit proportional linear correlation with Siccontent. The high Siccontent could shorten the yield stage and increase the breaking strength during the flexural fracture process. When the Siccontent is 25.12 vol%, the formation continuous and compact anti-ablation (SiO2) layer is formed by oxidizing and melting fluidity processes during oxyacetylene ablation test, and the protective layer covers the ablation surface and slows down the oxidative ablation, which combines with the transpiration cooling effect of copper alloy to further improve ablation resistance of c/c-Sic-cu composite.
Two lithium-ion hybrid supercapacitors (LiHSs) based on high power active materials like Li3V1.95Ni0.05(PO4)(3)/c (LVNP/c), Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) and activated carbon (Ac) are investigated as high energy and high power devi...
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Two lithium-ion hybrid supercapacitors (LiHSs) based on high power active materials like Li3V1.95Ni0.05(PO4)(3)/c (LVNP/c), Li4Ti5O12 (LTO) and activated carbon (Ac) are investigated as high energy and high power devices. Both LiHSs are assembled by using a bi-material negative LTO:Ac electrode (50 : 50), able to deliver 38.3 mAh g(-1) at 35 A g(-1) (200 c for LTO), and to retain 80 % of the initial capacity over 10000 cycles at 17.5 A g(-1). Two positive electrodes are employed in complete devices: a battery-type LVNP/c and a bi-material LVNP/c:Ac (65 : 35) based electrodes, for two LiHSs named Hybrid A and Hybrid B, respectively. The energies of the LiHSs are evaluated from 0.05 to 10 A g(-1), and at different cell voltages (2.6, 2.7 and 2.8 V). The best performance is obtained with Hybrid A cycled between 0-2.7 V, that with 36.3 Wh L-1 at 4.3 kW L-1, possesses an energy density five time higher than that of the Ac||Ac (6.8 Wh L-1). Despite both LiHSs charged up to 2.8 V possess superior energy values, at this cell voltage Hybrid A and Hybrid B retain only 11 % and 8 % of the initial capacity cycled over 8000 cycles at 10 A g(-1), respect to the 75 % and 81 % of the same systems cycled up to 2.7 V.
In this paper, the time-dependent damage evolution in carbon fiber-reinforced silicon carbide ceramic-matrix composites (c/SiccMcs) under creep fatigue loading at elevated temperature was analyzed using a micromechan...
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In this paper, the time-dependent damage evolution in carbon fiber-reinforced silicon carbide ceramic-matrix composites (c/SiccMcs) under creep fatigue loading at elevated temperature was analyzed using a micromechanical approach. Synergistic effects of creep fatigue peak stress level and damage in the matrix and the interface on time-dependent damage evolution in c/Siccomposites were analyzed. Next, relationships of timedependent creep fatigue damage mechanisms, damage parameters, environmental temperature and duration were determined. Then, the effects of composite constituent properties, creep fatigue damage state, environmental temperature, and duration on time-dependent damage evolution in c/Siccomposites were analyzed. Furthermore, time-dependent composite strain response and interface debonding and oxidation state in c/Siccomposite under different creep fatigue peak stress levels were predicted. Under creep fatigue loading, the composite internal damage evolution contributed to the increased time/temperature-dependent composite peak strain. Hysteresis-based damage parameters were developed and utilized to monitor c/Siccomposite internal damage evolution. Under creep fatigue loading, the hysteresis area and width increased with oxidation duration to a peak value and remained constant, and the hysteresis modulus decreased with oxidation duration.
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