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High-temperature oxidation behavior of GTD-111 Ni-based superalloy with an ultrafine-grained surface at 900 °c

cORROSION ScIENcE 2023年第1期212卷

作者： Pour-Ali, Sadegh Tavangar, Reza Akhtari, Faezeh Hejazi, Seyedsina Sahand Univ Technol Fac Mat Engn POB 51335-1996 Tabriz Iran Univ Siegen Fac Sci & Technol Chem & Struct Novel Mat POB 57076 Siegen Germany

The oxidation behavior of GTD-111 Ni-based superalloy with an ultrafine-grained surface (UFGS-GTD111) and its polycrystalline counterpart (cP-GTD111) in Ar + 20% O2 at 900 degrees c are comparatively investigated. Enhanced presence of high diffusivity paths (namely, GBs and dislocations) on the surface of UFGS-GTD111 significantly increases the diffusion of scale-former elements and oxygen anions toward the oxidation front. A three-layer oxide film (outer Ti-, intermediate cr-and inner-Al rich) rapidly form on the surface of UFGS-GTD111, and guarantees its better oxidation performance. Grain refinement reduces the critical concentration of Al for forming a virtually continuous alumina layer.

关键词： A Superalloys B TEM SEM X-ray diffraction c Oxidation

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On the sulfation reaction of protective and transient oxides at 650 °c and its role in the low temperature hot corrosion mechanism

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cORROSION ScIENcE 2023年第1期218卷

作者： Malacarne, R. Mathieu, S. Siblani, M. Aranda, L. Knittel, S. Desgranges, c. Vilasi, M. Univ Paris Saclay Serv Corros & Comportement Mat Environm CEA F-91191 Gif Sur Yvette France Univ Lorraine CNRS IJL F-54000 Nancy France Safran Aircraft Engines Rue Henri Auguste Desbrueres F-91000 Evry France

MxOy-Na2SO4 (with M = Ni, cr, Fe, Al, Ti, Nb) and NiSO4-Na2SO4 mixtures were prepared and their reactivity was examined at 650 degrees c in air + SO2 (400 and 1000 ppm). The formation of a molten phase for NiSO4-Na2SO4 mixtures and the rapid sulfation of NiO in these conditions were demonstrated. NiO sulfation should be considered when explaining the Type II hot corrosion attacks. cr2O3, Fe2O3 and Al2O3 also react with the gas phase showing these oxides dissolved according to an acidic-fluxing mechanism in air + SO2/SO3 (400 and 1000 ppm) environments. Al2O3 is more soluble than cr2O3 in these conditions.

关键词： A Molten salts Nickel c Hot corrosion Selective oxidation

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Accelerating innovations in c-H activation/functionalization through intricately designed magnetic nanomaterials: From genesis to applicability in liquid/regio/photo catalysis

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cATALYSIS cOMMUNIcATIONS 2023年 175卷

作者： Dutta, Sriparna Kumar, Prashant Yadav, Sneha Sharma, Ruchi Dubey Shivaprasad, Parimala Vimaleswaran, Karani S. Srivastava, Anju Sharma, Rakesh K. Univ Delhi Green Chem Network Ctr Dept Chem Delhi India Univ Delhi Hindu Coll Dept Chem Delhi 110007 India SRM Univ Dept Chem Sonepat Haryana India Career Coll Dept Chem Bhopal Madhya Pradesh India Univ Bath Dept Chem Engn Bath BA2 7AY England Univ Reading Dept Food & Nutr Sci Hugh Sinclair Unit Human Nutr Reading England Univ Reading Inst Food Nutr & Hlth IFNH Reading England Univ Delhi Green Chem Network Ctr Dept Chem Delhi 110007 India

Selective functionalization of highly inert and ubiquitous c-H bonds that would provide a ready access to synthetically valuable motifs has perplexed the chemists since long. Also, environmental benignity and economic viability have been the prime factors driving tremendous interest in c-H functionalization. This has led to many inspiring discoveries infuriating the development of potent catalytic systems that enable the facile replacement of the c-H bonds with conventional functional groups, allowing the construction of c-c, c-N, c-O, c-S, c-B and c -halogen bonds at both sp2 as well as sp3 centres. In fact, catalytic c-H functionalization strategies integrating the benefits of magnetic recovery have emerged as sustainable gateway for affording a diverse array of trans-formations. This review sheds light on the remarkable advancements witnessed in this area as a consequence of integrating the inherent magnetism of catalysts with the cutting-edge direct c-H functionalization strategy. Also, the promising future perspectives comprehensively covered in this review is anticipated to motivate the academic and industrial researchers, arousing their creativity for designing competent sustainable strategies to generate a plethora of pharmaceutically active molecules.

关键词： Magnetic nanocatalysts c H functionalization Heterocycles Sustainable synthesis Magnetic retrievability

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Oxidation behavior of the AlN coatings on the TiAl alloy at 900 °c

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cORROSION ScIENcE 2023年 211卷

作者： Yang, Lanlan Gao, Fengyin Zhou, Zhaohui Jia, Yixuan Du, Yao Wang, Jinlong Qiao, Yanxin Zhu, Shenglong Wang, Fuhui Jiangsu Univ Sci & Technol Sch Mat Sci & Engn Zhenjiang 212003 Peoples R China State Power Investment Corp Hydrogen Energy Co Ltd Beijing 102209 Peoples R China Northeastern Univ Shenyang Natl Lab Mat Sci Shenyang 110819 Peoples R China Northeastern Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn Shenyang 110819 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Met Res Lab Corros & Protect Shenyang 110016 Peoples R China

Oxidation behavior of the AlN coatings and the TiAl alloy is investigated at 900 degrees c. Results indicate that the application of the AlN coatings prepared by arc ion plating with different negative voltages on the TiAl alloy can improve its high temperature oxidation resistance. AlN in the coatings can be oxized to Al2O3 at 900 degrees c. After oxidation for 100 h, a protective Al2O3 scale without AlN is formed, and the Ti3Al/Ti2AlN/ Ti3Al interface is detected beneath that. The AlN coating with negative bias voltage 200 V exhibits higher oxidation resistance than others.

关键词： A Superalloys Metal coatings c Oxidation

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Live-cell visualization of cytochrome c: a tool to explore apoptosis

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BIOcHEMIcAL SOcIETY TRANSAcTIONS 2021年第6期49卷 2903-2915页

作者： Pessoa, Joao Univ Lisbon Fac Med Inst Med Mol Joao Lobo Antunes Lisbon Portugal Univ Coimbra CNC Ctr Neurosci & Cell Biol CIBB Ctr Innovat Biomed & Biotechnol Coimbra Portugal

Apoptosis dysfunction is associated with several malignancies, including cancer and autoimmune diseases. Apoptosis restoration could be an attractive therapeutic approach to those diseases. Mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization is regarded as the point of no return in the 'classical' apoptosis triggering pathway. cytoplasmic release of cytochrome c (cyt c), a mitochondrial electron transporter, is a prominent indicator of such critical step. Therefore, visualizing cyt c efflux in living cells is a convenient approach to address apoptosis triggering and monitor performance of apoptosis restoration strategies. Recent years have been prolific in the development of biosensors to visualize cyt c mitochondrial efflux in living cells, by fluorescence microscopy. These biosensors specifically detect endogenous, untagged cyt c, while showing efficient cellular uptake and reduced cell toxicity. A common aspect is their fluorescence quenching in the absence or presence of bound cyt c, resulting in two main biosensor types: 'turn ON' and 'turn OFF'. In some of these systems, fluorescence intensity of fluorophore-bound aptamers is enhanced upon cyt c binding. In others, cyt c binding to quantum dots quenches their fluorescence. In the present minireview, I describe these biosensors and briefly introduce some hypotheses that could be addressed using these novel tools.

关键词： aptamer cytochrome c fluorescence fluorescence quenching fluorophore live-cell microscopy

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Week 96 subgroup analyses of the phase 3, randomized AMBER and EMERALD trials evaluating the efficacy and safety of the once daily darunavir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (D/c/F/TAF) single-tablet regimen in antiretroviral treatment (ART)-naive and -experienced, virologically-suppressed adults living with HIV-1

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HIV RESEARcH & cLINIcAL PRAcTIcE 2021年第6期21卷 151-167页

作者： Huhn, Gregory D. Wilkin, Aimee Mussini, cristina Spinner, christoph D. Jezorwski, John El Ghazi, Mohsine Van Landuyt, Erika Lathouwers, Erkki Brown, Kimberley Baugh, Bryan Ruth M Rothstein CORE Ctr 2020 W Harrison St Chicago IL 60612 USA Wake Forest Sch Med Sect Infect Dis Winston Salem NC 27101 USA Univ Modena & Reggio Emilia Dept Infect Dis Modena Italy Tech Univ Munich Sch Med Munich Germany Janssen Res & Dev LLC Pennington NJ USA Janssen Pharmaceut NV Beerse Belgium Janssen Res & Dev LLC Raritan NJ USA

Background Darunavir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (D/c/F/TAF) 800/150/200/10 mg was investigated in AMBER (treatment-naive adults;NcT02431247) and EMERALD (treatment-experienced, virologically-suppressed adults;NcT02269917). Objective To describe a Week 96 pre-planned subgroup analysis of D/c/F/TAF arms by demographic characteristics (age <=/>50 years, gender, black/non-black race), and baseline clinical characteristics (AMBER: viral load [VL], cD4(+) count, WHO clinical stage, HIV-1 subtype and antiretroviral resistance;EMERALD: prior virologic failure [VF], antiretroviral experience, screening boosted protease inhibitor [PI], and boosting agent). Methods Patients in D/c/F/TAF and control arms could continue on/switch to D/c/F/TAF in a single-arm, open-label extension phase after Week 48 until Week 96. Efficacy endpoints were percentage cumulative confirmed VL >= 50 copies/mL (virologic rebound;EMERALD), and VL <50 (virologic response), or >= 50 copies/mL (VF) (FDA snapshot;both trials). Results D/c/F/TAF demonstrated high Week 96 virologic responses (AMBER: 85% [308/362];EMERALD: 91% [692/763]) and low VF rates (AMBER: 6% [20/362];EMERALD: 1% [9/763]). In EMERALD, D/c/F/TAF showed low virologic rebound cumulative through Week 96 (3% [24/763]). Results were consistent across subgroups, including prior antiretroviral experience in EMERALD. No darunavir, primary PI, or tenofovir resistance-associated mutations were observed post-baseline. Study-drug-related serious adverse events (AEs) and AE-related discontinuations were <1% and 2%, respectively (both D/c/F/TAF arms), and similar across subgroups. eGFR(cyst) and bone mineral density improved or were stable and lipids increased through Week 96 across demographic subgroups, with small changes in total-cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol ratio. conclusions D/c/F/TAF was effective with a high barrier to resistance and bone/renal safety benefits, regardless of demographic or clinical characteristics for treatme

关键词： D c F TAF HIV-1 darunavir single-tablet regimen tenofovir alafenamide subgroup analysis Phase III

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Irradiation effects of carbon fibers in c/Sic composites

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MATERIALS cHARAcTERIZATION 2023年第1期196卷

作者： Yang, Jing Zheng, ce Xu, Shanshan Wei, chong Zhang, cheng Bi, Yichun Li, Xiaoqiang Northwestern Polytech Univ Sci & Technol Thermo Struct Composite Mat Lab Xian 710072 Peoples R China

Understanding the radiation-induced microstructure evolution of carbon fibers is crucial for c/Sic composites as they are considered promising structural materials for high-temperature gas-cooled nuclear reactors. In this study, M55J c/Sic and T300 c/Sic composites were irradiated up to 9.8 dpa at 350 degrees c. AFM results suggested that both two carbon fibers shrank axially after irradiation. At a given irradiation dose, the shrinkage of M55J fibers was slightly lower than that of T300 fibers. Detailed microstructure characterization further revealed that the graphite structure in both two carbon fibers was disrupted due to ion irradiation. In contrast to M55J fibers, the ordering degree for T300 fibers increased at low dose range and diminished at higher doses. Possible mechanisms for the healing process occurring in T300 fibers were discussed.

关键词： carbon fibers c Sic composites Ion irradiation Microstructure

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Early Growth characterization and c:N:P Stoichiometry in Firmiana simplex Seedlings in Response to Shade and Soil Types

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FORESTS 2023年第7期14卷 1481页

作者： Zhi, Ximin Song, Yi Yu, Deshui Qian, Wenzhang He, Min Lin, Xi Zhang, Danju Gao, Shun Sichuan Agr Univ Fac Forestry Chengdu 611130 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Agr Sci Oil Crops Res Inst Wuhan 430062 Peoples R China Sichuan Agr Univ Fac Forestry Sichuan Prov Key Lab Ecol Forestry Engn Upper Reac Natl Forestry & Grassland AdmKey Lab Forest Resou Chengdu 611130 Peoples R China

Light and soil environments have extensive heterogeneity for many plants species affecting plant growth, reproduction, and distribution. However, the interaction effects of these two factors on the ecophysiological traits and adaptive strategy of plants remain largely unclear. In the present study, we set four shading levels and three soil types to investigate the effects of shade and soil type on seedlings growth, c:N:P stoichiometry responses, and nutrient use efficiency in Firmiana simplex (F. simplex). The maximum of total biomass was observed in acid purple soil under 75% shade, with a maximum difference of 3.6 times. With the increase in shading intensity, c content in the root, stem, and leaf reached maximum value under 75% shade. However, c content in the root and N content in the stem reached a maximum value of 420.6 g & BULL;kg(-1) and 13.7 g & BULL;kg(-1) in acid purple soil, respectively. With the increase in shading intensity, the total c and N accumulation showed a trend of progressive increase and then decrease, reaching the maximum value of 346.2 mg and 10.7 mg under 75% shade, respectively. The N:P ratios of various organ ranged from 3.1 to 11.9 in acid purple soil and red soil, indicating that the seedlings growth was restricted by nitrogen. We concluded that the interactions of shade and soil types might adjust the c:N:P stoichiometry and influence the dynamic balance between nutrients and organs in F. simplex seedlings.

关键词： c N P stoichiometry element accumulation light intensity nutrient limitation plant-light-soil interaction soil environment

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Uniform corrosion behavior of Zr-1Sn-0.35Fe-0.15cr-xNb alloys in 400 °c super-heated steam with oxygen

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cORROSION ScIENcE 2023年第1期214卷

作者： Xu, Shitong Bai, Yong Huang, Jiansong Yao, Meiyi Hu, Lijuan Lin, Xiaodong Xie, Yaoping Liang, Xue Peng, Jianchao Zhou, Bangxin Shanghai Univ Sch Mat Sci & Engn Shanghai 200444 Peoples R China Shanghai Univ Lab Microstruct Shanghai 200444 Peoples R China

Zr-1Sn-0.35Fe-0.15cr-xNb (x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, wt%) alloys were designed to explore the effect of oxygen concentrations and Nb contents on the uniform corrosion behavior of the alloys. Results showed that the effect of trace Nb content on the uniform corrosion behavior of Zr alloys is related to the DO concentrations in steam;DO can accelerate the corrosion of the alloys, and this effect is enhanced with the increase of the DO concentrations. A mechanism of the accelerated corrosion rate by Nb and DO was proposed, which provides theoretical guidance for the selection of fuel cladding materials for small nuclear reactors.

关键词： A Zirconium alloys B TEM XPS c High temperature corrosion

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Microstructural Properties of Fe-cr-c/Nbc composite coating Produced on Medium carbon Steel Surface by TIG coating Process

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ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR ScIENcE AND ENGINEERING 2021年第3期46卷 2231-2241页

作者： Tosun, Gul Buytoz, Soner Firat Univ Fac Technol Dept Mech Engn Elazig Turkey Firat Univ Fac Technol Dept Mat & Met Engn Elazig Turkey

In this study, Fe-based composite coatings were produced on a medium carbon steel surface by the Tungsten inert gas method. The microstructure and phase structure of the coatings were analyzed by an optical microscope with clemex image analysis, scanning electron microscope equipped with an energy-dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffractometer. The results show that the coating is metallurgically bonded to the substrate when it is produced with sufficient energy input. In the microstructure of Fe-cr-c coatings, hexagonal-shaped M7c3 carbides solidified in gamma-(Fe,cr) eutectic matrix, while in Fe-cr-c/Nbc composite coatings, quadrangular-shaped Nbc carbides solidified. As the amount of FeNb melted increased, the amount of Nbc in the structure increased.

关键词： coating TIG composite Fe– cr– c Nbc Microstructure

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