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Bioaccessibility and Absorption of Flavonoid c -glycosides from Abrus mollis Using Simulated Digestion, caco-2 cell, and In Situ Single-pass Perfusion Models

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PLANTA MEDIcA 2021年第7期87卷 570-580页

作者： Shen, Wei Hu, Xiaolong Niu, Yajun Lu, Yimeng Wang, Baolin Wang, Hao China Pharmaceut Univ State Key Lab Nat Med Dept TCMs Pharmaceut Sch Tradit Chinese Pharm TongJia Rd 24 Nanjing 210009 Peoples R China

Abrus mollis is commonly used as a traditional chinese medicine for the treatment of liver diseases due to its hepatoprotection and anti-inflammation, but the absorption properties of its main bioactive ingredients remain unclear. Our previous studies verified that the flavonoid c -glycosides, including vicenin-2 ( 1 ), isoschaftoside ( 2 ), and schaftoside ( 3 ), were the major active components in A. mollis for hepatic protection against nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, hepatitis, and hepatic fibrosis. This study investigated the bioaccessibility and transport mechanisms of total flavonoid c -glycoside, as well as vicenin-2 ( 1 ), isoschaftoside ( 2 ), and schaftoside ( 3 ), in A. mollis by simulated digestion and use of the caco-2 cell model. Moreover, this study attempted to verify their absorption properties by in situ gastrointestinal perfusion in rats. Total flavonoid c -glycoside and 1, 2 , and 3 exhibited similar bioaccessibility of 84.58%, 85.13%, 83.05%, and 81.65% respectively after simulated digestion. The transport of total flavonoid c -glycoside in the caco-2 cell model increased with the concentration, and the transport showed saturation characteristics with the time and concentration of total flavonoid c -glycoside to a certain degree. The Papp values of total flavonoid c -glycoside and the 3 flavonoid c -glycosides were significantly improved by verapamil, probenecid, and EDTA-Na (2) . Their absorption properties in the gastrointestinal tract were consistent with that found in caco-2 cells, and superior absorption rates were observed in the duodenum and jejunum. The absorption pattern of total flavonoid c -glycoside may involve multiple transport pathways, including active transport, passive diffusion, and the paracellular pathway. TFc was actively pumped out by P-glycoprotein and multidrug resistance-associated protein. These results revealed that the bioaccessibility and intestinal absorption characteristic of total flavonoid c -glycoside were c

关键词： Abrus pulchellus subsp mollis Leguminosae flavonoid c -glycosides intestinal absorption bioaccessibility simulated gastrointestinal digestion caco-2 cell in situ single-pass perfusion

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Translating c to Safer Rust

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PROcEEDINGS OF THE AcM ON PROGRAMMING LANGUAGES-PAcMPL 2021年第OOPSLA期5卷 1–29页

作者： Emre, Mehmet Schroeder, Ryan Dewey, Kyle Hardekopf, Ben Univ Calif Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA Calif State Univ Northridge Northridge CA 91330 USA

Rust is a relatively new programming language that targets efficient and safe systems-level applications. It includes a sophisticated type system that allows for provable memory- and thread-safety, and is explicitly designed to take the place of unsafe languages such as c and c++ in the coding ecosystem. There is a large existing c and c++ codebase (many of which have been affected by bugs and security vulnerabilities due to unsafety) that would benefit from being rewritten in Rust to remove an entire class of potential bugs. However, porting these applications to Rust manually is a daunting task. In this paper we investigate the problem of automatically translating c programs into safer Rust programs- that is, Rust programs that improve on the safety guarantees of the original c programs. We conduct an in-depth study into the underlying causes of unsafety in translated programs and the relative impact of fixing each cause. We also describe a novel technique for automatically removing a particular cause of unsafety and evaluate its effectiveness and impact. This paper presents the first empirical study of unsafety in translated Rust programs (as opposed to programs originally written in Rust) and also the first technique for automatically removing causes of unsafety in translated Rust programs.

关键词： Rust c Automatic Translation Memory-Safety Empirical Study

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MOF-derived Zn/co co-doped MnO/c microspheres as cathode and Ti3c2@Zn as anode for aqueous zinc-ion full battery

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cHEMIcAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL 2023年第Part3期454卷

作者： Sun, Kaisheng Shen, Yunfei Min, Jun Pang, Jianxiang Zheng, Yang Gu, Tiantian Wang, Gang chen, Long Shihezi Univ Sch Chem & Chem Engn State Key Lab Incubat Base Green Proc Chem Engn Shihezi 832003 Peoples R China

Mn-based aqueous zinc ion batteries (AZIBs) are promising energy storage devices due to its low cost and high performance. However, Jahn-Teller effect of discharge process and Mn2+ dissolution restricts its practical application. Herein, we report a Zn/co co-doped MnO/c (Znco-MnO/c) derived from metal organic framework (MOF) with high specific capacity and cyclic stability, which benefits from the synergistic effect of Zn/co ions. The doping of Zn ions improves the low specific capacity of MnO in the initial activation process, and co ions can effectively inhibit the Jahn-Teller effect of discharge products and enhance the structural stability. The syner-gistic effect of Zn/co co-doped further enhances the conductivity and ion diffusion rate of MnO. In addition, the interface protection layer of the zinc anode is constructed by Ti3c2cl2 (Ti3c2@Zn), which can effectively inhibit dendrite growth and further improve the cycle life of AZIBs. Specifically, the assembled Znco-MnO/c// Ti3c2@Zn full battery has a specific capacity of 428.9 mAh center dot g- 1 at 0.1 A center dot g-1. With 3000 cycles at 3.0 A center dot g-1, the capacity retention rate is 98.7 %. This work emphasizes the significance of co-doped on the electronic structure of MOF derived MnO/c for efficient AZIBs.

关键词： Zinc ion battery MnO c Zn co co -doped Ti 3 c 2 cl 2 interface protective layer

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A practical application-oriented model predictive control algorithm for direct expansion (DX) air-conditioning (A/c) systems that balances thermal comfort and energy consumption

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ENERGY 2023年第1期269卷

作者： Shao, Junqiang Huang, Zhiyuan chen, Yugui Li, Depeng Xu, Xiangguo Zhejiang Univ Inst Refrigerat & Cryogen Key Lab Refrigerat & Cryogen Technol Zhejiang Prov 38 Zheda Rd Hangzhou 310027 Peoples R China Zhejiang Univ Ctr Balance Architecture 148 Tianmushan Rd Hangzhou 310027 Peoples R China Hisense Home Appliances Grp Co Ltd 8 Ronggang Rd Foshan 528303 Peoples R China

The large ownership of direct-expansion (DX) air-conditioning (A/c) systems in small and medium-sized buildings brings with it the need to reduce their energy consumption without damaging the thermal comfort of the occupants. Model predictive control (MPc) is an effective method to optimally control the operation of air-conditioners. However, most existing MPc methods require the investment of additional equipment and labor-intensive work, which greatly increases the cost of MPc and hinders its practical application. To solve the problem, this paper presents an economical and practical MPc algorithm for DX A/c systems, capable of achieving a balance between thermal comfort and energy saving. The proposed algorithm was experimentally validated on both an experimental DX A/c system and a market available split-type air-conditioner. Experi-mental results on the experimental DX A/c system show that temperature and humidity set-points selected at alpha = 1 saved 23.3% of energy consumption compared to those selected at alpha = 0, while keeping indoor thermal comfort within acceptable range. And results on the split-type air-conditioner demonstrate energy savings of up to more than 32% compared to the baseline and proved that the algorithm can be practically applied on market available D/X air-conditioners.

关键词： Model predictive control Energy saving Thermal comfort Air-conditioning Direct expansion DX A c

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Network analysis in aged c. elegans reveals candidate regulatory genes of ageing

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BIOGERONTOLOGY 2021年第3期22卷 345-367页

作者： Aktypi, Foteini Papaevgeniou, Nikoletta Voutetakis, Konstantinos chatziioannou, Aristotelis Grune, Tilman chondrogianni, Niki Natl Hellen Res Fdn Inst Chem Biol 48 Vassileos Constantinou Ave Athens 11635 Greece Friedrich Schiller Univ Jena Inst Nutr Sci Nutrigen Sect D-07743 Jena Germany Univ Thessaly Dept Biochem & Biotechnol Viopolis Larissa 41500 Greece Acad Athens Biomed Res Fdn Ctr Syst Biol 4 Soranou Ephessiou St Athens 11527 Greece E NIOS Applicat PC 25 Alexandrou Pantou St Kallithea 17671 Greece German Inst Human Nutr Dept Mol Toxicol Nuthetal Germany

Ageing is a biological process guided by genetic and environmental factors that ultimately lead to adverse outcomes for organismal lifespan and healthspan. Determination of molecular pathways that are affected with age and increase disease susceptibility is crucial. The gene expression profile of the ideal ageing model, namely the nematode caenorhabditis elegans mapped with the microarray technology initially led to the identification of age-dependent gene expression alterations that characterize the nematode's ageing process. The list of differentially expressed genes was then utilized to construct a network of molecular interactions with their first neighbors/interactors using the interactions listed in the WormBase database. The subsequent network analysis resulted in the unbiased selection of 110 candidate genes, among which well-known ageing regulators appeared. More importantly, our approach revealed candidates that have never been linked to ageing before, thus suggesting promising potential targets/ageing regulators.

关键词： Ageing Network analysis c elegans Microarrays Gene expression regulation

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Retrogradely transmitted a-synuclein is taken up by the endophilin- independent endocytosis in the c. elegans neural circuit

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BIOcHEMIcAL AND BIOPHYSIcAL RESEARcH cOMMUNIcATIONS 2021年 552卷 176-182页

作者： Wang, Xuan Shinkai, Yoichi Doi, Motomichi Natl Inst Adv Ind Sci & Technol Biomed Res Inst Tsukuba Ibaraki 3058566 Japan Univ Tsukuba Grad Sch Life & Environm Sci Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

a-Synuclein is a major component of Lewy bodies and Lewy neuritis which are hallmarks of Parkinson's disease, and is known to propagate from cell-to-cell in a prion-like manner. However, the exact mechanism of a-synuclein propagation in cells remains unclear. Despite the increasing number of studies and models of a-synuclein propagation, there is no direct evidence demonstrating whether the propagation is trans-synaptic or synaptic connection-independent, what the direction of propagation is, and what the regulators of a-synuclein propagation are. In this study, we generated a caenorhabditis elegans model that can help monitoring the neuron-to-neuron propagation of a-synuclein using BiFc system. Using this model, we demonstrated that a-synuclein was propagated into neurons in both anterograde and retrograde manners, with retrograde propagation being dominant. Interestingly, we also found that endophilin, which is a protein required for classical clathrin-mediated endocytic machinery, was not involved in this retrograde propagation. Furthermore, we demonstrated that a-synuclein inhibits neuronal activity through voltage-gated calcium channels. Our findings suggest a possible mechanism for a-synuclein propagation via synapses through a novel uptake pathway.

关键词： a-synuclein Retrograde transmission Endocytosis c elegans

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Microstructure and oxidation behavior of the Y/Ta/Hf co-doped AlcocrFeNi high-entropy alloys in air at 1100 °c

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cORROSION ScIENcE 2023年第1期212卷

作者： Hu, Junhao Gu, cang Li, Jianyu Li, chao Feng, Jing Jiang, Yehua Kunming Univ Sci & Technol Fac Mat Sci & Engn Kunming 650093 Peoples R China Kunming Univ Sci & Technol Natl Local Joint Engn Lab Technol Adv Met Solidifi Kunming 650093 Peoples R China

The grain morphology and oxidation behavior of the Y/Ta/Hf co-doped AlcocrFeNi high-entropy alloy (HEA) were investigated in air at 1100 degrees c. The Y/Ta/Hf co-doped significantly improves the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the alloy. Hf doped AlcocrFeNiYTa HEA presents the larger grain sizes of Al2O3, which effectively reduces the inward diffusion of O along the grain boundaries. In addition, Y/Ta/Hf co-doped AlcocrFeNi HEA accelerates the transformation metastable Al2O3 to alpha-Al2O3. The oxide pegs formed at the oxide/substrate interface have a positive effect on improving the adhesion of the oxide scale, and Ta increased the probability of oxide peg formation.

关键词： A High-entropy alloy B EPMA TEM c Oxidation High temperature

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Effects of salinity on early activities of artificial hybridization between crassostrea ariakensis and c. gigas

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AQUAcULTURE RESEARcH 2021年第6期52卷 2540-2549页

作者： Li, Haikun Yu, Ruihai Li, chunhua Ma, Peizhen Ocean Univ China Key Lab Mariculture Minist Educ Qingdao 266003 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Oceanol Qingdao Peoples R China

The hybridization experiments have been made between crassostrea ariakensis and c. gigas several times. However, it is difficult to obtain a large number of hybrid offspring, which becomes the bottleneck of subsequent cross-breeding. To explore whether the production of hybrid larvae is affected by salinity, we investigated the effects of salinity (16, 20, 24, 28 and 32 psu) on the early activities of artificial hybridization between c. ariakensis and c. gigas at 23-24 degrees c. In this study, the results showed that during artificial insemination, the appropriate salinity of high-quality gametes in c. ariakensis and c. gigas was 20-32 psu and 24-32 psu respectively. Besides, the fertilization rate of AG (c. ariakensis female x c. gigas male) and GA (c. gigas female x c. ariakensis male) at 24-28 psu was significantly (p < .05) higher than that at 16-20 psu. For incubation, the optimal salinity of embryo incubation was 28 psu, under which all embryos of AG and GA can develop rapidly to the D-larvae and yielded a high hatching rate. During larval rearing, the larval shell height and survival rate of AG were of no significant difference (p > .05) at all salinities, and the optimum salinity for larval growth and survival of GA was 24-28 psu. These findings can contribute to the increase in the hybrid progeny yield, which can serve as the new resource for genetic improvement of oyster germplasm.

关键词： c gigas crassostrea ariakensis early activities hybridization salinity

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Research on Damage characteristics of Ultrasonic Vibration-Assisted Grinding of a c/SIc composite Material

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SENSORS 2023年第1期23卷 224-224页

作者： Wang, Dongpo Liang, Qiushi Xu, Dong Beihang Univ Sch Mech Engn & Automat Beijing 100191 Peoples R China Beihang Univ Sch Automat Sci & Elect Engn Beijing 100191 Peoples R China

c/Sic composites are the preferred materials for high temperature resistant (usually above 1500 degrees c) structural parts in aerospace, aviation, shipbuilding, and other industries. When this kind of material component is processed efficiently by grinding, the damage forms of fiber step brittle fracture and fiber pulling out are often produced on the machined surface/subsurface. The existence of these damage forms deteriorates the quality of the machine surface and may reduce the bending strength of materials to a certain extent. Therefore, it is very important to study the mechanism and the damage law of ordinary grinding and ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding and take reasonable measures to restrain the machining damage. In this paper, the typical damage forms of c/Sic composites during the end and side grinding are explored. The surface and subsurface damage degree of c/Sic composites during grinding and ultrasonic vibration-assisted grinding were compared. The effects of different process parameters on material damage were compared and analyzed. The results show that the damage forms of ordinary grinding and ultrasonic grinding are basically the same. compared with ordinary grinding, ultrasonic-assisted grinding can reduce surface damage to a certain extent and subsurface damage significantly.

关键词： c Sic composite ultrasonic vibration grinding force

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Thermal-oxidation coupled analysis method for unidirectional fiber-reinforced c/Sic composites in air oxidizing environments below 1000 °c

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INTERNATIONAL cOMMUNIcATIONS IN HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER 2023年第1期143卷

作者： Zhao, chenwei Tu, Zecan Mao, Junkui Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Coll Energy & Power Engn Jiangsu Prov Key Lab Aerosp Power Syst Nanjing 210016 Peoples R China

The thermal analysis method for unidirectional fiber-reinforced c/Sic composites (c/Sic-UFRc) in air oxidizing environment below 1000 degrees c is developed, including a mathematical theoretical model and a finite element model. The mathematical model (MM) is established by combining the thermal resistance network method and the oxidation kinetics theory. The influence of oxidation characteristics on c/Sic-UFRc axial thermal conduc-tivity is firstly introduced into MM, which provides a reference for the theoretical calculation method of c/Sic-UFRc axial thermal conductivity under oxidation conditions. The finite element model (FEM) is constructed on the representative volume element (RVE) of c/Sic-UFRc and the numerical heat transfer method. The FEM numerically simulated the microstructure in the oxidation process and firstly be applied to study the effects of oxidation on the micro temperature field and heat transfer of c/Sic-UFRc. Through the mutual confirmation of MM and FEM, the prediction of thermal conductivity of cMc in air oxidation environment is verified. The effects of oxidation time, oxidation temperature and random distribution of initial cracks are investigated to reveal their influences on the heat transfer behavior of c/Sic-UFRc.

关键词： c Sic composites Oxidation Thermal conductivity Thermal model

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