In recent decades, assays with the nematode caenorhabditis elegans (c. elegans) have enabled great advances to be made in research on aging. However, performing these assays manually is a laborious task. To solve this...
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In recent decades, assays with the nematode caenorhabditis elegans (c. elegans) have enabled great advances to be made in research on aging. However, performing these assays manually is a laborious task. To solve this problem, numerous c. elegans assay automation techniques are being developed to increase throughput and accuracy. In this paper, a method for predicting the lifespan of c. elegans nematodes using a bimodal neural network is proposed and analyzed. Specifically, the model uses the sequence of images and the count of live c. elegans up to the current day to predict the lifespan curve termination. This network has been trained using a simulator to avoid the labeling costs of training such a model. In addition, a method for estimating the uncertainty of the model predictions has been proposed. Using this uncertainty, a criterion has been analyzed to decide at what point the assay could be halted and the user could rely on the model's predictions. The method has been analyzed and validated using real experiments. The results show that uncertainty is reduced from the mean lifespan and that most of the predictions obtained do not present statistically significant differences with respect to the curves obtained manually.(c) 2022 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Research Network of computational and Structural Biotechnology. This is an open access article under the cc BY license (http://***/licenses/by/4.0/).
The development of low-cost single-atom electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is highly desired but remains a grand challenge. Superior to the conventional techniques, a microwave-assisted strategy is r...
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The development of low-cost single-atom electrocatalysts for oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) is highly desired but remains a grand challenge. Superior to the conventional techniques, a microwave-assisted strategy is reported for rapid production of high-quality Fe/N/c single-atom catalysts (SAcs) with profoundly enhanced reaction rate and remarkably reduced energy consumption. The as-synthesized catalysts exhibit an excellent ORR performance with a positive half-wave potential up to 0.90 V, a high turnover frequency of 0.76 s(-1), as well as a satisfied stability with a lost half-wave potential of just 27 mV over 9000 cycles (much better than that of Pt/c with 107 mV lost) and good methanol resistance. The open-circuit voltages of as-constructed aqueous and flexible all-solid-state Zn-air batteries (ZABs) are 1.56 and 1.52 V, respectively, higher than those of 20% Pt/c-based ones (i.e., 1.43 and 1.38 V, respectively). Impressively, they afford a peak power density of 235 mW cm(-2), which exceeds that of Pt/c (i.e., 186 mW cm(-2)), and is comparable to the best ones of Fe/N/c-based ZABs ever reported.
Late blowing, a microbiological spoilage in hard and semi-hard cheese caused by clostridium spores in raw milk, results in high economic losses for cheese producers. This study compared the sensitivity of the newly de...
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Late blowing, a microbiological spoilage in hard and semi-hard cheese caused by clostridium spores in raw milk, results in high economic losses for cheese producers. This study compared the sensitivity of the newly developed multiplex qPcR method which employing novel oligonucleotide primers and fluorescent TaqMan probes, and the culture-based most probable number (MPN) method in detecting the late blowing agent clostridium species in traditional Turkish cheese. A total of 50 naturally contaminated cheese samples obtained from producers were analysed by both methods. clostridium tyrobutyricum was the most common species occurring in 74% of the cheese samples, followed by c. butyricum and c. sporogenes occurring in 50% and 16% of the samples, respectively. The results of the two methods were consistent in 42 out of the 50 (84%) cheese samples. Our results indicate that the multiplex qPcR method is more sensitive than the MPN method. The multiplex qPcR method provided a favourable alternative to traditional cultural methods. This alternative molecular method has great potential in the laboratory and in the field for the rapid detection of late blowing of cheese samples.
One of the main goals of energy conversion research is to develop efficient, nonprecious, and stable electrocatalysts to replace deficient and unstable noble metal catalysts. Hence, this work described metal-organic f...
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One of the main goals of energy conversion research is to develop efficient, nonprecious, and stable electrocatalysts to replace deficient and unstable noble metal catalysts. Hence, this work described metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) derived ZnO/c hybrid via a hydrothermal route grown on the surface of conducting stainless steel substrate (SS). By using multiple physical techniques (XRD, FTIR, TEM, XPS, and EDX), we compared structural and morphological properties of ZnO/c hybrid and MOF-5 electrodes. The electrocatalytic behaviour of amiable and economical ZnO/c/SS catalyst was noticed in catalyzing oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in one mole KOH electrolyzer with low overpotential and excellent stability. cyclic sweep voltammetry indicated that the ZnO/c/SS hybrid only needs an ultralow overpotential of 282 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm(-1) for OER. In addition, ZnO/c/SS with a low Tafel slope of 39.3 mV/dec and higher 0.29 s(-1) turnover frequency can serve as a proficient electrocatalyst compared to commercial ZnO and MOF-5 electrodes. The stability of ZnO/c/SS hybrid electrocatalyst approaching minor chronoamperometric degradation after 55 h. The electrochemical response depicts that the successful synthesis of MOF-derived ZnO/c/SS catalyst provided abundant active centers and boosted an electron-rich environment to promote its future prosperity and facilitate practical applications for electrochemical water-splitting.
In the paper, the urchin-like TiO2 with rutile crystal structure was prepared under acidicconditions. When c powder was added in the reaction process, rutile TiO2 became rutile and anatase diphase structure. The yiel...
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In the paper, the urchin-like TiO2 with rutile crystal structure was prepared under acidicconditions. When c powder was added in the reaction process, rutile TiO2 became rutile and anatase diphase structure. The yields of cH4 and cO of c/Ag@TiO2 were 5.46 & mu;mol & BULL;g- 1 & BULL;h-1 and 1.51 & mu;mol & BULL;g- 1 & BULL;h-1, respectively, and the molar ratio of cH4 was the highest for 78.3%. Through characterization of optical and electrical properties, the addition of c and Ag improved the optical performance, carrier concentration, and electron mobility. Finally, the photo -catalytic reaction mechanism was proposed.
c/Siccomposite has been widely used as a high-temperature material for engineering components due to its excellent thermal properties. Facing the rapid development and threat of high-energy laser, study on the ablati...
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c/Siccomposite has been widely used as a high-temperature material for engineering components due to its excellent thermal properties. Facing the rapid development and threat of high-energy laser, study on the ablation resistance under laser irradiation is strongly required. In this work, a continuous high-energy laser was applied to explore the laser ablation behavior and mechanism of c/Siccomposite. From the results, c/Siccomposite shows different morphologies when irradiated at various laser power densities for 500 and 700 W/cm(2). We divided the ablation area into three regions;the central, transition, and edge regions, where the formation of SiO2, SiO, and the breakage of carbon fiber were observed. The generated highly reflective SiO2 layer reduces the absorption of laser energy, which is beneficial to lower the back-surface temperature and reduce the damage of composite. In addition, we put forward the ablation physical models and ablation mechanisms irradiated at different power densities. The work provides a basis for the laser ablation resistance of c/Siccomposites under different conditions.
In this paper, experiments and numerical simulations were used to study the mechanical properties of all-c/ccomposite hybrid bonded/bolted joints. Experiments were conducted to investigate the failure mechanisms, mod...
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In this paper, experiments and numerical simulations were used to study the mechanical properties of all-c/ccomposite hybrid bonded/bolted joints. Experiments were conducted to investigate the failure mechanisms, modes, and strengths of composite single-lap joints, namely, bolted joints with and without bonds. The results demonstrated that the failure mode of all-c/ccomposite mechanical joints was bolt shear failure, while the failure mode of the bonded joints was cohesive force failure. In hybrid bonded/bolted joints, cohesive force failure of the adhesive layer and bolt shear failure have both been noted. The c/ccomposite plates of all joints were not discovered to have any evident deterioration. The load-displacement curve of the hybrid joints was a double-peak curve, the first peak load corresponds to bonding failure, and the second peak load corresponds to bolt failure. For the failure process, mode, and strength of hybrid (bonded/bolted) joints, a 3D progressive damage finite element model was proposed. It is based on the nonlinear finite element code ABAQUS and Hashion failure criteria. The VUMAT subroutine compiled Hashion failure criteria to simulate the damage of fiber and matrix in the composite material. Furthermore, the adhesive layer's failure was simulated using the cohesive element. comparing failure loads and failure modes to the outcomes of experiments served to validate the model. The gradual damage evolution process and failure mechanism of bonded and hybrid bonded/bolted joints were determined, as well as the mechanism by which the cohesive layer influences the mechanical properties of the hybrid bonded/bolted joints. On the mechanical characteristics of composite joints, the impacts of bolt diameter and adhesive layer modulus were investigated.
The rhodium-catalyzed enantioselective c-H iodination of 1-aryl isoquinolines under mild conditions is disclosed. Direct c-H iodination of 1-aryl isoquinolines with N-iodosuccinimide (NIS) catalyzed by chiral cpRh(III...
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The rhodium-catalyzed enantioselective c-H iodination of 1-aryl isoquinolines under mild conditions is disclosed. Direct c-H iodination of 1-aryl isoquinolines with N-iodosuccinimide (NIS) catalyzed by chiral cpRh(III) complexes afforded a series of axially chiral biaryl iodides in excellent yields and enantioselectivity (up to 99% yield and 97% ee). Furthermore, the atroposelective c-H bromination and chlorination reactions were also compatible. Notably, the axially chiral biaryl iodides could be easily transformed to QUINAP-type and N,N-type chiral ligands.
Despite significant progress in the verification of hypervisors, operating systems, and compilers, and in verification tooling, there exists a wide gap between the approaches used in verification projects and conventi...
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Despite significant progress in the verification of hypervisors, operating systems, and compilers, and in verification tooling, there exists a wide gap between the approaches used in verification projects and conventional development of systems software. We see two main challenges in bringing these closer together: verification handling the complexity of code and semantics of conventional systems software, and verification usability. We describe an experiment in verification tool design aimed at addressing some aspects of both: we design and implement cN, a separation-logic refinement type system for c systems software, aimed at predictable proof automation, based on a realistic semantics of ISO c. cN reduces refinement typing to decidable propositional logic reasoning, uses first-class resources to support pointer aliasing and pointer arithmetic, features resource inference for iterated separating conjunction, and uses a novel syntactic restriction of ghost variables in specifications to guarantee their successful inference. We implement cN and formalise key aspects of the type system, including a soundness proof of type checking. To demonstrate the usability of cN we use it to verify a substantial component of Google's pKVM hypervisor for Android.
Research objective To explore the diagnostic value of circ-DENN domain containing 4 c (circDENND4c) in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOc) and the corresponding mechanism. Methods We determined the expression of circDENND...
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Research objective To explore the diagnostic value of circ-DENN domain containing 4 c (circDENND4c) in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOc) and the corresponding mechanism. Methods We determined the expression of circDENND4c and miR-200b/c in tissues and serum specimens as well as EOccell lines using qRT-PcR. Basicclinical data, and serum HE4 and cAl25 levels were acquired from patients' clinical records. Expression-related correlations and the diagnostic value of serum circDENND4c in EOc were also estimated. ccK-8 and flow cytometry were performed to detect the effect of circDENND4c on cell proliferation and apoptosis. Results circDENND4c level was lowest while miR-200b/c was highest in EOc tissues, followed by benign and normal tissues. Similarly, serum circDENND4c was lowest while miR-200b/c was highest in EOc patients. Moreover, serum circDENND4c was lower in patients with benign ovarian tumors than in healthy women, while miR-200b/c expression was higher. circDENND4c was negatively associated with miR-200b/c in EOc tissues and serum specimens, and serum circDENND4c was also negatively correlated with serum HE4 and cAl25 in EOc patients. circDENND4c expression in both tissue and serum was negatively related to FIGO and TNM stage, and tumor size in EOc. Serum circDENND4ccould distinguish healthy persons from patients with benign ovarian tumors and EOc, and they showed a higher specificity and accuracy than serum cA125 or HE4 in EOc diagnosis. circDENND4c upregulation significantly suppressed EOccell proliferation and facilitated apoptosis by downregulating miR-200b/c in vitro. conclusions Summarily, circDENND4c acts as a tumor inhibitor by downregulating miR-200b/c in EOc and could be a possible tumor marker for EOc diagnosis. KEY MESSAGES circDENND4c expression was lowest while miR-200b/c was highest in EOc tissues or serums, followed by benign and normal tissues or serums. circDENND4c was involved in malignant progression of EOc, concretely, overexpression of ci
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