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检索条件"主题词=change detection algorithms"

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Semi-automatic segmentation by a double labeling method

Semi-automatic segmentation by a double labeling method

引用

IEEE Region 10 International Conference TENCON

作者： Minho Kim Yo-Sung Ho Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Kwangju South Korea

This paper proposes a semi-automatic segmentation algorithm using a double labeling method. Semi-automatic segmentation consists of intra-frame segmentation and inter-frame segmentation. For intra-frame segmentation, we obtain a globally labeled mask from the boundary information provided by the user and a locally labeled mask from the intensity information of the image itself. By merging the globally and locally labeled masks, we complete the intra-frame segmentation operation. Inter-frame segmentation is accomplished by tracking the video objects (VOs) that are defined from intra-frame segmentation. Semi-automatic segmentation using the double labeling method resolves the object correspondence problem, which is inherent in automatic segmentation.

关键词： Labeling Image segmentation Merging Target tracking MPEG 4 Standard Video sequences Object segmentation change detection algorithms Parameter estimation Morphology

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Multiplicative fault isolation in linear systems

Multiplicative fault isolation in linear systems

引用

IEEE Conference on Decision and Control

作者： E.A. Garcia P.M. Frank Department of Measurement and Control Gerhard Mercator University of Duisburg Germany Universitat Duisburg-Essen Duisburg Nordrhein-Westfalen DE

An approach to fault isolation of multiplicative faults in linear systems is presented. After modeling the faults as multiplicative ones, a procedure for the design of structured residuals is proposed. The design is based on a modified version of a nonlinear disturbance decoupling algorithm used for nonlinear systems. Nonlinear techniques are required because of the time variant fault distribution matrix resulting of the multiplicative fault modeling. The contributions are the study of fault isolability, the relaxing of existence condition with respect to early results and the develop of an algorithm for the fault decoupling.

关键词： Linear systems Fault detection Vectors Control systems Algorithm design and analysis Nonlinear systems change detection algorithms Time invariant systems Additives Testing

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Software change and evolution (SCE'99)

Software change and evolution (SCE'99)

引用

International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE)

作者： V. Rajlich Department of Computer Science Wayne State University Detroit MI USA

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The algorithm for detecting critical conditions during anesthesia

The algorithm for detecting critical conditions during anest...

引用

Annual IEEE Symposium on Computer-Based Medical Systems

作者： M. Krol D.L. Reich Department of Anesthesiology Mount Sinai School of Medicine NY USA

The complexity of modern anesthesia procedures requires the development of decision support systems functioning in a smart-alarm capacity. Based on computerized anesthesia records containing hemodynamic data (heart rate, mean arterial pressure and systolic arterial pressure) and assessments made by experienced anesthesiologists reviewing printed anesthesia records, we have developed rule-based computer algorithms to detect critical conditions during surgery, such as inadequate (light) anesthesia (LA) or unstable blood pressure (lability). Our analysis indicated that a /spl ges/12% change in mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), compared with the median value of MAP over the preceding 10 minute interval, may be chosen as the criterion for detecting LA, with a sensitivity of 96% and a specificity of 91%. The best agreement between human and computer ratings of blood pressure lability (correlation coefficient 0.78) was achieved when we used the absolute value of the fractional change of the mean arterial pressure (|FCM|) between one 2-min epoch and the next 2-min epoch. We developed rule-based computer algorithms to defect critical conditions during surgery (light anesthesia or unstable blood pressure), based on computerized anesthesia records containing hemodynamic data (heart rate, mean arterial pressure and systolic arterial pressure).

关键词： Anesthesia Blood pressure Hemodynamics Heart rate Surgery Decision support systems change detection algorithms Heart rate detection Arterial blood pressure Humans

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Adaptive on-line learning of probability distributions from field theories

Adaptive on-line learning of probability distributions from ...

引用

International Conference on Information Intelligence and Systems

作者： T. Aida Department of Aeronautics Tokyo Metropolitan College of Aeronautical Engineering Tokyo Japan

An adaptive algorithm is considered in on-line learning of probability functions, which infers a distribution underlying observed data x/sub 1/, x/sub 2/, ..., x/sub N/. The algorithm is based on how we can detect the change of a source function in an unsupervised learning scheme. This is an extension of an optimal on-line learning algorithm of probability distributions, which is derived from the field theoretical point of view. Since we learn not parameters of a model but probability functions themselves, the algorithm has the advantage that it requires no a priori knowledge of a model.

关键词： Probability distribution change detection algorithms Adaptive algorithm Unsupervised learning

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Illumination invariant background extraction

Illumination invariant background extraction

引用

International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing

作者： E. Durucan J. Snoeckx Y. Weilenmann Signal Processing Laboratory Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne Switzerland

This paper proposes a new method for the extraction of background objects, especially the extraction of randomly moving objects such as curtains and plants. For this purpose we use an optical flow method combined with a split-and-merge algorithm to avoid the mentioned background effects. The split-and-merge algorithm is based on the variance of regions and the optical flow method is implemented conform to the proposition of Horn and Schunck (1981). To further increase the robustness and utility in surveillance circumstances, illumination invariance has to be provided by the algorithm. Hence we combined the mentioned methods with an illumination-invariant change detector. Tests have been performed on indoor and outdoor surveillance sequences. Especially in indoor sequences the proposed method provided a very robust tool against illumination changes, reflections, shadows and randomly moving objects like curtains and plants. Nevertheless in all circumstances it detected the moving 'semantic' objects such as persons.

关键词： Lighting Image motion analysis Robustness Surveillance change detection algorithms Detectors Testing Performance evaluation Optical reflection Object detection

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Spatial resolution Compton of systems

Spatial resolution Compton of systems

引用

International Forum on Strategic Technology, IFOST

作者： B.I. Kapranov V.V. Varga Tomsk Introscopy Institute of TPU Tomsk Russia

The various algorithms of definition of a spatial rule of border of two environments with different density are investigated for reconstruction of distribution of density on backscatter radiation (in Compton tomography). The real missing beams, range of energy 10-1000 keV and various materials are considered. The algorithm based joint processing of functions, N(x) change of number of quantums N in the detector, is offered at change of coordinate x of disseminating volume and its by derivative /spl part/N//spl part/x. The algorithm is steady for a wide class of materials and provides an error of definition of a rule of border of two environments no more than /spl plusmn/0.1 mm.

关键词： Spatial resolution Collimators change detection algorithms Radiation detectors Quantum dots Tomography Aluminum Geometry Geometrical optics Dispersion

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A fast, sequential decoding algorithm with application to speaker verification

A fast, sequential decoding algorithm with application to sp...

引用

International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： Qi Li Multimedia Communications Research Laboratory Bell Laboratories Lucent Technologies Inc. Murray Hill NJ USA

ISBN: (纸本)0780350413

To implement speaker verification (SV) technology for real-world applications with a large user population, the system cost becomes an important issue. One needs a fast algorithm which can support more users in a central telephone switch given the limited hardware, or can reduce the hardware requirement on a wireless handset. Li (see Proc. Int'l. Conf. on Spoken Language Processing, Sydney, 1998) proposed a fast, sequential decoding algorithm for left-to-right HMM. The algorithm is based on a sequential detection scheme which is asymptotically optimal in the sense of detecting a possible change in distribution as reliably and quickly as possible. In this paper, the algorithm is evaluated in a fixed-phrase SV system on a database with 23,578 utterances recorded from 100 speakers. The experimental results show that the decoding speed of the proposed algorithm is about 7 to 10 times faster than the Viterbi algorithm while the accuracy is in an acceptable level. The results indicate that the proposed algorithm can also be applied to speaker identification, utterance verification, audio segmentation, voice/silence detection and many other applications.

关键词： Decoding change detection algorithms Switches Hardware Costs Telephony Wireless sensor networks Telephone sets Natural languages Hidden Markov models

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Robust dynamic exchange of implementation aspects

Robust dynamic exchange of implementation aspects

引用

Technology of Object-Oriented Languages and Systems (TOOLS)

作者： W. Lowe R. Neumann M. Trapp W. Zimmermann Institut für Programmstrukturen und Datenorganisation Universität Karlsruhe Germany

We show a technique for consistent dynamic exchange of different aspects of implementations of abstract data types, in particular data structure representations and algorithms. Previous work showed how one single aspect's implementation can be exchanged dynamically without running into robustness problems if other aspects are guaranteed to be fixed. The present work generalizes this idea in the sense that all aspects' implementations may be exchanged arbitrarily at run time where robustness is preserved. We use finite state machines where each state represents a combination of the different implementations and each transition an exchange of exactly one aspect's implementation. We use these state machines to check for the robustness of a class within a certain application context.

关键词： Robustness Libraries Bridges Data structures Routing change detection algorithms Programming profession Runtime Law Legal factors

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Hidden Markov mixtures of experts for prediction of non-stationary dynamics

Hidden Markov mixtures of experts for prediction of non-stat...

引用

IEEE Workshop on Neural Networks for Signal Processing

作者： S. Liehr K. Pawelzik J. Kohlmorgen S. Lemm K.R. Muller Institute of Theoretical Neurophysics University of Brethemen Bremen Germany GMD First Berlin Germany

The prediction of non-stationary dynamical systems may be performed by identifying appropriate sub-dynamics and an early detection of mode changes. We present a framework which unifies the mixtures of experts approach and a generalized hidden Markov model with an input-dependent transition matrix: the hidden Markov mixtures of experts (HMME). The gating procedure incorporates state memory, information about the current location in phase space, and the previous prediction performance. The experts and the hidden Markov gating model are simultaneously trained by an EM algorithm that maximizes the likelihood during an annealing procedure. The HMME architecture allows for a fast online detection of mode changes: change points are detected as soon as the incoming input data stream contains sufficient information to indicate a change in the dynamics.

关键词： Hidden Markov models Annealing Predictive models change detection algorithms Jacobian matrices Linear approximation Feedforward systems Information processing

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