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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： W.A.C. Fernando C.N. Canagarajah D.R. Bull Centre for Communications Research Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Bristol Bristol UK

A common video indexing technique is to segment video shots by identifying scene changes and then to extract features. This paper discusses a novel algorithm for detecting fade-in and fade-out using statistical features of both luminance and chrominance signals. The ratio between incremental change in the mean of the luminance signal to the chrominance (average sum of C/sub r/ and C/sub b/) is considered to identify fade-in and fade-out. Results show that the algorithm is capable of detecting all fade regions accurately even the video sequence contains other special effects.

关键词： Video sequences Layout Indexing change detection algorithms Information retrieval Solids Feature extraction Signal processing Data mining Cameras

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Fast contact detection between moving deformable polyhedra

Fast contact detection between moving deformable polyhedra

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Proceedings 1999 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems. Human and Environment Friendly Robots with High Intelligence and Emotional Quotients (Cat. No.99CH36289)

作者： A. Joukhadar A. Scheuer Ch. Laugier Laboratory d'informatique Graphique Vision et Robotique de Grenoble Institute National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique Montbonnot Saint Martin France

The paper presents an approach to detect and localize contact between deformable polyhedra, which can be convex or concave depending on the time step. Usual contact detection algorithms, defined for convex polyhedra, cannot be used efficiently, as they would imply completing the convex decomposition of the considered polyhedra at each time step, as it can change due to the deformability of these polyhedra. As the computation of this convex decomposition is very expensive (in complexity and computation time), we propose an algorithm to detect and localize the contact in linear time w.r.t. the number of vertices. This algorithm returns the direction of this contact and the value of the maximum intersection distance between the convex hulls of the two considered polyhedra. Experimental results taken from a dynamic simulation application are presented with their computation time, to complete the complexity analysis.

关键词： Face detection Computational modeling detection algorithms change detection algorithms Solid modeling Analytical models Ear Algorithm design and analysis Neck Network address translation

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Parameter estimation and event detection in a simple model of respiratory mechanics

Parameter estimation and event detection in a simple model o...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： T.H. Nguyen J.H. Strickl T.C. Jannett Cardiopulmonary Corporation Milford CT USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Alabama Birmingham Birmingham AL USA

This paper describes a simulation study of model-based respiratory parameter tracking and event detection. An improved model of respiratory system mechanics was formulated to incorporate separate inspiratory mid expiratory resistances. Parameters were estimated and tracked using an extended Kalman filter. Events were detected using a multiple-model adaptive estimation (MMAE) algorithm.

关键词： Parameter estimation Event detection Respiratory system change detection algorithms Noise level Adaptive estimation Immune system Convergence Signal to noise ratio Cardiology

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Collision avoidance system for vehicles applying model predictive control theory

Collision avoidance system for vehicles applying model predi...

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International Conference on Intelligent Transportation

作者： Y. Seki J. Ohya M. Miyoshi Government & Public Corporation System Division Toshiba Corporation Minato Tokyo Japan Power and Industrial Systems Research & Development Center Toshiba Corporation Fuchu Tokyo Japan

One of the most important issues in controlling vehicles automatically is collision avoidance. A collision avoidance system (CAS) should cause the vehicle to stop reliably when a preceding vehicle stops suddenly on the road or when the CAS detects an obstacle. The paper proposes a collision, avoidance algorithm applying model predictive control (MPC) theory. The CAS proposed has the following features: (1) prediction of the future behavior of a vehicle, (2) good ride comfort preventing unnecessary brake reference change. A simple and high-performance CAS can be achieved using the proposed algorithm. Computer simulations have confirmed its high performance.

关键词： Collision avoidance Predictive models Content addressable storage Road vehicles Automatic control Vehicle detection Road accidents change detection algorithms Prediction algorithms Predictive control

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DFD based scene segmentation for H.263 video sequences

DFD based scene segmentation for H.263 video sequences

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IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

作者： W.A.C. Fernando C.N. Canagarajah D.R. Bull Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering University of Bristol Bristol UK

Content based indexing and retrieval of video is becoming increasingly important in many applications. Identifying scene changes and special effects in a video scene is an essential pre-requisite for indexing. In this paper, a sudden scene change detection algorithm for H.263 video sequences is proposed. This method uses the number of intra-coded macroblocks and displaced frame difference (DFD) signal of the video signal. Experimental results show that the performance of this algorithm is independent of the encoder threshold. Furthermore, this algorithm is capable of detecting abrupt scene changes accurately even if the video sequence contains special effects.

关键词： Design for disassembly Layout Video sequences Video compression Indexing change detection algorithms Videoconference Encoding Discrete cosine transforms Image storage

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Morphological tools for indexing video documents

Morphological tools for indexing video documents

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IEEE International Conference on Multimedia Computing and Systems (ICMCS)

作者： C.-H. Demarty S. Beucher Centre de Morphologie Mathématique Ecole des Mines de Paris Fontainebleau France

This paper proposes a local algorithm using morphological operators, which leads to several useful tools for indexing video documents. It consists of a local computation of a similarity criterion between two successive frames of a sequence, followed by the study of the temporal evolution curve of this criterion for the whole sequence. From this curve, shot transitions are extracted by means of a powerful morphological filter, the inf top-hat. At this point, we have built a cut detection tool. The local computation together with strong morphological filtering leads to a very simple, fast and computationally efficient algorithm, with a high detection rate in the case of cuts for a small level of false detections. This algorithm also gives access to a spatial model of the transition and to a selection of key frames for each shot. By applying the local similarity measure to the key frames, two other tools are built to detect inner shot changes and syntactically related shots. Finally, the relation detection is used in a newscaster detection tool.

关键词： Indexing Gunshot detection systems change detection algorithms Morphology Geometry Testing Filters Filtering algorithms Layout Object detection

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An accurate region based object tracking for video sequences

An accurate region based object tracking for video sequences

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IEEE Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing

作者： Dongxiang Xu Jenq-Neng Hwang Jun Yu Department of Electrical Engineering Information Processing Laboratory

ISBN: (纸本)0780356101

With the popularity of MPEG-4 and MPEG-7 standards, video object (VO) segmentation becomes a very challenging research area in video applications. We present a novel method for semi-automatic object segmentation for a video sequence. The proposed approach starts with a rough user input VO definition. It then combines each frame's region segmentation and motion estimation results to construct the objects of interest for temporal tracking this object along the time. An active contour model based algorithm is employed to further fine-tune the object's contour so as to extract accurate object boundary. Some experimental results and future research directions are also discussed.

关键词： Video sequences Partitioning algorithms Target tracking Active contours change detection algorithms Motion detection Computer science MPEG 4 Standard MPEG 7 Standard Application software

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Thin edge detector

Thin edge detector

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International Conference on Image Analysis and Processing

作者： A. Trujillo Departamento de Informáatica y Sistemas Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria Las Palmas Spain

Most edge detectors are based on detecting points in the image with a high gradient value. However, in general, they omit the idea that the edge must be a connected line of pixels. Instead of that, these techniques normally use a global threshold value, to control the quantity of edge points detected. Due to this, many other edge points are detected, but some of them do not really belong to an edge. In this paper we propose a new edge detector, that detects entire pieces of 1-pixel-thick lines. This algorithm is more robust concerning the choice of the threshold value, because it works with the average gradient value of each piece of line. Two previous filters are needed: a contrast process, to enhance the edges, and a morphological denoising to remove noise but without blurring the edges in the image. The proposed algorithm starts from pixels with a high gradient value, and follows neighbor pixels connecting new points.

关键词： Image edge detection Detectors Filters Read only memory Joining processes Computer vision Laplace equations Filtering Electrical capacitance tomography change detection algorithms

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MPEG encoding algorithm with scene adaptive dynamic GOP structure

MPEG encoding algorithm with scene adaptive dynamic GOP stru...

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IEEE Workshop on Multimedia Signal Processing

作者： A. Yoneyama Y. Nakajima H. Yanagihara M. Sugano Internet Applications Laboratory KDD R&D Laboratories Inc. Kamifukuoka Saitama Japan

Although a GOP (group of picture) length is often fixed in MPEG, this may not guarantee the best picture quality from the point of view of coding efficiency. Furthermore, it is also well known that P-picture interval M=3 does not provide the best quality for all sequences. We propose an MPEG encoding algorithm with scene adaptive dynamic GOP structure to enhance the picture quality in the cases mentioned above. Using macroblock characteristics such as luminance activity and simple motion compensation on the activity domain, N and M values are dynamically determined.

关键词： Encoding Layout change detection algorithms Transform coding Motion detection Motion estimation Laboratories Motion compensation Video compression Internet

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Wipe scene change detector for use with video compression algorithms and MPEG-7

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 1998年第1期44卷 43-51页

作者： Alattar, AM King Fahd Univ Petr & Minerals Dept Elect Engn Dhahran 31261 Saudi Arabia

The use of wipes in video production to smooth the transition between two consecutive scenes complicates subsequent video compression, video editing, and video database indexing. It is important to detect the wipe region in order to improve the quality of the compressed video or to allow automatic parsing of the video for the purpose of editing and data base indexing. In this paper, a model is developed for the wipe region and is used to derive the statistical characteristics of the frames in the wipe region. A wipe detector that exploits the linear change in the means and the variances of the frames in the wipe region is developed. The developed wipe detector is implemented and tested with video sequences containing wipes of different types and lengths. Simulation results indicate that wipe regions are well represented by the developed wipe model, and that the developed wipe detector is robust to wipe type and length.

关键词： Layout Detectors Video compression change detection algorithms MPEG 7 Standard Video sequences Databases Indexing Image coding Production

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