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Developing a system that can automatically detect health changes using transfer times of older adults

BMC MEDICAL RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 2016年第1期16卷 1-17页

作者： Baldewijns, Greet Luca, Stijn Vanrumste, Bart Croonenborghs, Tom KU Leuven Technol Campus Geel AdvISe Kleinhoefstr 4 Geel Belgium Katholieke Univ Leuven ESAT STADIUS Leuven Belgium iMinds Med Informat Technol Dept Leuven Belgium Katholieke Univ Leuven Dept Comp Sci DTAI Leuven Belgium Harvard Univ Sch Med Program Translat NeuroPsychiat Genom Brigham & Womens HospBroad Inst Massachusetts In Cambridge MA USA

Background: As gait speed and transfer times are considered to be an important measure of functional ability in older adults, several systems are currently being researched to measure this parameter in the home environment of older adults. The data resulting from these systems, however, still needs to be reviewed by healthcare workers which is a time-consuming process. Methods: This paper presents a system that employs statistical process control techniques (SPC) to automatically detect both positive and negative trends in transfer times. Several SPC techniques, Tabular cumulative sum (CUSUM) chart, Standardized CUSUM and Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) chart were evaluated. The best performing method was further optimized for the desired application. After this, it was validated on both simulated data and real-life data. Results: The best performing method was the Exponentially Weighted Moving Average control chart with the use of rational subgroups and a reinitialization after three alarm days. The results from the simulated data showed that positive and negative trends are detected within 14 days after the start of the trend when a trend is 28 days long. When the transition period is shorter, the number of days before an alert is triggered also diminishes. If for instance an abrupt change is present in the transfer time an alert is triggered within two days after this change. On average, only one false alarm is triggered every five weeks. The results from the real-life dataset confirm those of the simulated dataset. Conclusions: The system presented in this paper is able to detect both positive and negative trends in the transfer times of older adults, therefore automatically triggering an alarm when changes in transfer times occur. These changes can be gradual as well as abrupt.

关键词： Assisted living Gerontechnology change detection algorithms Statistical process control Log logistic distributions Gait speed

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An Efficient Real-Time Video Object Segmentation Algorithm Based on change detection and Background Updating

An Efficient Real-Time Video Object Segmentation Algorithm B...

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IEEE International Conference on Image Processing

作者： Thou-ho Chen Tsong-yi Chen Yung-chuen Chiou Department of Electronic Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Applied Sciennces Kaohsiung Taiwan R.O.C.

This paper proposes an efficient video object segmentation algorithm based on change detection and background updating that can quickly extract the moving object from video sequence. Firstly, the change detection is used to analyze temporal information between successive frames to obtain the change region. Then, the combination of frame difference mask and background subtraction mask is adopted to acquire the initial object mask and further solve the uncovered background problem and still object problem. Moreover, the boundary refinement is introduced to overcome the shadow influence and residual background problem. Finally, objective evaluations of the proposed algorithm demonstrate that the spatial accuracy can be maintained above 95% for most normal cases.

关键词： Object segmentation change detection algorithms Object detection Signal processing algorithms Image segmentation Image edge detection Video sequences Smoothing methods Motion detection Motion estimation

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An algorithm of image fusion based on ICA and change detection

An algorithm of image fusion based on ICA and change detecti...

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International Conference on Signal Processing Proceedings (ICSP)

作者： Li Xiaochun Chen Jing Southwest Institute of Electron and Telecom Techniques Chengdu China

The fusion for multitemporal images is a kind of important problem in remote sensing image fusion. This paper proposes an algorithm of fusion for these images based on independent component analysis (ICA) and change detection. The algorithm can effectively embody contour and detailed structure of objects in both images. Simulation results show that the algorithm provides a better solution scheme for fusion of multitemporal images.

关键词： change detection algorithms Image fusion Independent component analysis Remote sensing Algorithm design and analysis Data mining Image analysis Infrared detectors Electrons Telecommunications

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Adaptive change detection in image sequence

Adaptive change detection in image sequence

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International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP)

作者： S.B. Kesler A.S. Elfishawy Depertment of Electrical and Computer Engineering Drexel University Philadelphia PA USA

Two adaptive algorithms are presented for the detection of small changes in a pair of images in a low signal to clutter plus noise ratio (SCNR) environment. They both have the ability to track the nonstationary image signals and suppress the clutter plus noise background. Both detectors are based on the adaptive correlation canceling technique. One algorithm uses an order recursive least squares (ORLS) lattice filter, while the other is based on the two-dimensional least mean square (TDLMS) algorithm. The only a priori information required by the algorithms is that the background clutter plus noise in the pair of images is spatially correlated. An analytical expression for the improvement factor for the change detectors is presented. The performance of the two algorithms is evaluated by using an optical satellite image, with computer generated target and noise added.< >

关键词： Image sequences Noise cancellation change detection algorithms Optical noise Working environment noise Background noise Detectors Adaptive algorithm Adaptive signal detection Signal to noise ratio

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change detection in SAR imaginery

Change detection in SAR imaginery

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IEEE International Conference on Radar

作者： R.G. White C.J. Oliver Royal Signals and Radar Establishment Malvern Worcestershire UK

The two major difficulties associated with SAR (synthetic aperture radar) image change detection are addressed. These are the removal of speckle noise and the registration of information between images. Due to the unpredictable nature of the aircraft track, the problem of image registration is severe in airborne SAR imagery. Autofocus techniques are used to measure residual aircraft motions, thus allowing the production of large geometrically accurate images. The problem of speckle reduction is approached in two ways. The first technique applies an intensity segmentation algorithm to each image. The regions generated by the segmentation are then compared by the change detection algorithm. An alternative approach is to use neural network methods to learn the speckle removal and region generation task. To reduce this problem to a manageable size a factorization method for the multilayer-perceptron has been invented.< >

关键词： Speckle Radar detection Aircraft Image segmentation Synthetic aperture radar Radar tracking Image registration Production change detection algorithms Image generation

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change detection in epilepsy monitoring video based on Markov random field theory

Change detection in epilepsy monitoring video based on Marko...

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IEEE International Symposium on Intelligent Signal Processing and Communication Systems (ISPACS)

作者： Qiang Liu R.J. Sclabassi Mingui Sun University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA US Lab. for Computational Neurosci. Pittsburgh Univ. PA USA

Video recording is often conducted during electroencephalographic (EEG) recording from epilepsy patients. This type of video contains small local motions and mostly idle segments. change detection provides a powerful tool to detect local motions for analyzing, editing and archiving this type of video. Classic change detection methods utilize predetermined thresholds to test variations between frames. The determination of these thresholds, however, is often problematic. In this work, we present a new approach to change detection from the probabilistic optimization point of view. By modeling images as Markov random fields, we formulate change detection into a problem of seeking the optimal configuration of the change detection map (CDM). An algorithm that searches the optimal configuration is constructed by applying mean field theory (MFT), which greatly reduces computational complexity. Our experimental results show that this method detects changes accurately and is resilient to noise.

关键词： Epilepsy Markov random fields Video recording Motion detection Patient monitoring Electroencephalography Motion analysis Image motion analysis Testing change detection algorithms

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Fade Scene change detection using Luminance Histogram Bin

Fade Scene Change Detection using Luminance Histogram Bin

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International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology (CSIT)

作者： W. Kompreyarat J. Srinonchat Department of Electronic and Telecommunication Engineering Faculty of Engineering Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi Pathum Thani Thailand

Partitioning video sequence is very important for video applications such as video indexing, retrieval or editing. A lot of techniques have been presented based on information such as structures of the image, image histogram and intensity statistics etc. The histogram-based technique is generally used due to computation complexity when compare with other techniques is less, and most of image processing applications, image histogram have been already computed. This paper presents a new technique to detect the fade scene change from the video scene that contain noise and/or contain logo and compared it with other algorithm that using histogram. The result showed that the proposed algorithm is much better.

关键词： Histograms Image sequences Noise Mathematical model Video sequences Equations change detection algorithms

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Efficient GPU-based local histogram analyzer for change detection in satellite SAR images

Efficient GPU-based local histogram analyzer for change dete...

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IEEE International Symposium on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (IGARSS)

作者： Masato Gocho Motofumi Arii Information Technology R&D Center Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Kamakura Japan Kamakura Works Mitsubishi Electric Corporation Kamakura Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781728163741

ISBN: (纸本)9781728163758

This paper presents an efficient GPU-based algorithm to perform histogram analysis of sub-images for change detection in SAR images. It is designed to use three-stage parallelisms: the SAR images are sub-divided and distributed to all the GPU devices; raster-scans for the sub-divided images are parallelized with many thread-groups inside each GPU; and 32 threads inside the group cooperatively compute the 32 statistical elements one by one by reusing the sub-histograms generated from the overlapped pixels until the dynamic range is modified. The analyzer with quad-GPU takes 1.7 s, which is 5.2 and 57.5 times faster than the conventional analyzer and that with 32-threaded dual-CPU, respectively, when applied to the problem of flood-water detection in ALOS-2 images with 37305×26811 pixels.

关键词： Histograms Graphics processing units Instruction sets Synthetic aperture radar change detection algorithms Radar polarimetry Upper bound

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An adaptive threshold for change detection methods using a windowed entropy-based criterion - Application to fault-tolerant fusion in collaborative mobile robotics

An adaptive threshold for change detection methods using a w...

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Conference on Control and Fault-Tolerant Systems (SysTol)

作者： Bilal Daass Denis Pomorski Kamel Haddadi Univ. Lille Signal et Automatique de Lille Lille France Univ. Lille UMR 8520- IEMN Lille France

ISBN: (纸本)9781728103815

Nowadays, process supervision occupies an important place in quality control, cooperative localization in mobile robotics, video and image processing, and intelligent system design, to name a few. Indeed, any failure of such processes can reduce performance and have serious consequences. The development of statistical methods, capable of detecting and locating anomalies in these dynamic systems as quickly as possible, is of real interest. In this context, we have proposed in a previous study a reformulation of the change detection strategy using an entropy-based criterion. Our approach allowed the calculation of an adaptive threshold, unlike the Bayes criterion. In this paper, we propose an improvement of this study by introducing the use of an optimal window of observations. We validate the proposed approach to the Exponentially Weighted Moving Average (EWMA) control charts, which is a commonly used change detection technique. Our strategy is illustrated on a well-known example of the literature. Finally, this windowed entropy-based criterion allows one to design a fault-tolerant fusion methodology, which is experimentally validated from an extended Kalman filter (EKF) in collaborative mobile robotics.

关键词： Microsoft Windows Robots Control charts change detection algorithms Entropy Fault tolerant systems Collaboration

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A change-detection approach to monitoring fading channel bandwidth

A change-detection approach to monitoring fading channel ban...

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IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory

作者： S.D. Blostein Yong Liu Department Electrical & Computer Engineering Queen's University Kingston ONT Canada Queen's University Faculty of Health Sciences Kingston ON CA

The statistics of mobile communications over frequency nonselective fading channels are determined largely by fading bandwidth, which is related to vehicle speed. On-line estimation of fading bandwidth can be used to optimize coherent signal transmission, as well as improve handoff algorithms. The level crossing rates of the received signal amplitude, combined with on-line change detection techniques are used to estimate the fading bandwidth. The proposed estimator takes AGWN into account and has low complexity and processing delay. Applied to adaptive on-line tracking of fast fading channel parameters, significant BER reduction is demonstrated, particularly in situations where vehicle speed increases abruptly.

关键词： Monitoring Fading Bandwidth Vehicles Delay estimation Statistics Mobile communication Frequency change detection algorithms Amplitude estimation

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