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characteristic basis function method based on mixed discretization for analyzing scattering from electrically large inhomogeneous objects

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JOURNAL OF ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES AND APPLICATIONS 2022年第3期36卷 441-455页

作者： Huang, Fei Sun, Yufa Anhui Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Intelligent Comp & Signal Proc Hefei 230601 Anhui Peoples R China Suzhou Univ Sch Mech & Elect Engn Suzhou Peoples R China

The characteristic basis function method (CBFM) based on the mixed discretization (MD) is firstly proposed to analyze the electromagnetic scattering from electrically large inhomogeneous objects. The discontinuous Galerkin volume integral equation (DGVIE) method which employs nonconformal discretization permits to independently discretize the various component regions of the inhomogeneous object depending on its local shape or dielectric permittivity. Moreover, by the means of the CBFM, the low-level basis functions employed in the DGVIE method are converted into high-level basis functions, dramatically reducing the number of basis functions for modeling. In addition, the conformal discretization which is superior in dealing with homogenous regions is mixed with the nonconformal discretization to further cut down the number of the basis functions. Numerical results show that the CBFM based on mixed discretization (MD-CBFM) generates much less unknowns in contrast to several conventional methods. Several composite inhomogeneous examples are given to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method.

关键词： characteristic basis function method direct fast solution discontinuous Galerkin volume integral equation method mixed discretization

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characteristic basis function method: A numerically efficient technique for analyzing microwave and RF circuits

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MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2003年第6期38卷 444-448页

作者： Kwon, SJ Du, K Mittra, R Penn State Univ Electromagnet & Commun Lab University Pk PA 16802 USA

In this paper, we present an efficient electromagnetic analysis of planar microstrip structures, called the characteristic basis function method (CBFM). In this method, the original problem geometry is segmented into smaller regions called sections, and high-level basis functions are generated to represent the electromagnetic characteristics of these sections. These basis functions are referred to as the characteristic basis functions (CBFs), and their use leads to a reduced matrix equation. Since the method only requires the solution of small-size matrix equations, associated with isolated domains, the computational burden is relieved, and an acceleration of the solve time is achieved. The efficiency of this method is demonstrated via several examples, including a filter and an amplifier circuit. (C) 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： characteristic basis function method microstrip circuits full-wave simulation

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A Hybrid Finite Element-Boundary Integral-characteristic basis function method for Scattering by Multiple 3-D Cavities

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APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOCIETY JOURNAL 2012年第6期27卷 491-496页

作者： Cui, Zhiwei Han, Yiping Xidian Univ Sch Sci Xian 710071 Peoples R China

An efficient hybrid finite element-boundary integral-characteristic basis function method (FE-BI-CBFM) is proposed to solve the problem of electromagnetic scattering by multiple three-dimensional (3-D) cavities embedded in a conducting plane. Specifically, the finite element method is used to obtain the solution of the vector wave equation inside each cavity and the boundary integral equation is applied on the apertures of all the cavities as a global boundary condition. The resultant coupling system of equations is solved by using an excitation independent characteristic basis function method. Some numerical results are included to illustrate the validity and capability of the proposed method.

关键词： Boundary integral equation characteristic basis function method finite element method multiple cavities

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Accelerated excitation-independent characteristic basis function method with multiscale adaptive cross approximation for monostatic radar cross section of dielectric objects

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MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2019年第9期61卷 2074-2079页

作者： Huang, Fei Sun, Yufa Anhui Univ Minist Educ Key Lab Intelligent Comp & Signal Proc Hefei 230601 Anhui Peoples R China Suzhou Univ Sch Mech & Elect Engn Suzhou Peoples R China

An accelerated excitation-independent characteristic basis function method (CBFM) combined with the multiscale adaptive cross approximation (MSACA) is proposed to analyze electromagnetic scattering from dielectric objects with volume equivalence principle. In CBFM, the adaptive cross approximation (ACA) is hybridized to improve the filling of mutual-impedance matrices, except for the mutual-impedance matrices of adjacent blocks, which are calculated by the timeconsuming method of moments (MoM). In this study, a new hybrid CBFM with MSACA is proposed to improve the filling of the mutual-impedance matrix, which achieves excellent effect. Moreover, an accelerated approach is adopted to remove the redundant excitations in advance by the ACA-singular value decomposition, leading to great reduction on the CPU time of the generation of the characteristic basis functions. The validity of the proposed method is illustrated with the systematic analysis of canonical geometries, and numerical results are given to demonstrate its efficiency and accuracy.

关键词： characteristic basis function method multiscale adaptive cross approximation singular value decomposition

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PARALLELIZED MULTILEVEL characteristic basis function method FOR SOLVING ELECTROMAGNETIC SCATTERING PROBLEMS

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MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2009年第12期51卷 2963-2969页

作者： Laviada, Jaime Pino, Marcos R. Mittra, Raj Las-Heras, Fernando Univ Oviedo Dept Elect Engn University MS 38677 USA Penn State Univ Dept Elect Engn University Pk PA 16802 USA

Parallel implementation of the multilevel characteristic basis function method is discussed in this article. The use of this method enables us to solve very large electromagnetic problems in a direct manner via a recursive application of the characteristic basis function method. Furthermore, we show that, unlike the iterative schemes. the present method is very well suited for parallelization. Examples are presented to show that upto one million unknown problems can be solved on a workstation using the present scheme. and that the results show very good agreement with those derived by using analytical or fast multipole methods. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 2963-2969, 2009;Published online in Wiley InterScience (***). DOI 10.1002/mop.24767

关键词： index terms method of moments characteristic basis function method direct solution

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Solution of wide band scattering problems using the characteristic basis function method

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IET MICROWAVES ANTENNAS & PROPAGATION 2012年第1期6卷 60-66页

作者： De Gregorio, M. Tiberi, G. Monorchio, A. Mittra, R. Univ Pisa Dept Informat Engn I-56126 Pisa Italy Penn State Univ Electromagnet Commun Labs University Pk PA 16802 USA

A numerically efficient method for the evaluation of wide band scattering characteristics is presented. This approach, which is based on the characteristic basis function method (CBFM), utilises the characteristic basis functions (CBFs) that are derived for the highest frequency in the range of interest. These CBFs, once generated, also capture the electromagnetic behaviour of the lower frequencies as well. The use of these bases, which will be referred to as ultra-wide band characteristic basis functions (UCBFs), enables one to solve the scattering for any frequency sample in the band without going through the time-consuming process to generate the CBFs anew. Numerical results shown validate the accuracy and the time efficiency of this method.

关键词： Electromagnetic wave propagation wide band scattering problems electromagnetic wave scattering method of moments numerically efficient method characteristic basis function method Other numerical methods

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Optimization of block size for volume integral equation-based characteristic basis function method

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MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2022年第12期64卷 2151-2159页

作者： Huang, Fei Sun, Yufa Suzhou Univ Sch Mech & Elect Engn Suzhou Peoples R China Anhui Univ Key Lab Intelligent Comp & Signal Proc Minist Educ Hefei 230601 Anhui Peoples R China

The block size of the characteristic basis function method (CBFM) based on volume integral equation (VIE) is optimized to improve the efficiency on analyzing the scattering from dielectric objects in this study. Several literatures have discussed the optimum block size of surface integral equation (SIE)-based CBFM, which achieved the minimum CPU time for analyzing conductor objects. However, due to the differences of basis functions, the conclusions derived from SIE-based CBFM are not applicable for VIE-based CBFM. This study presents the relationship between the Schaubert-Wilton-Glisson (SWG) basis functions and characteristic basis functions (CBFs), which paves the way for evaluating the computational complexity of VIE-based CBFM. In addition, the Sherman-Morrison-Woodbury formula-based algorithm (SMWA) and adaptive cross approximation (ACA) algorithm are combined to accelerate the CBFs generation and reduced matrix construction. Based on the computational complexity of the VIE-based CBFM combined with SMWA and ACA, the optimal number of blocks for VIE-based CBFM is derived theoretically. Numerical results of homogeneous and inhomogeneous dielectric objects scattering problems are presented to validate the feasibility and accuracy of the proposed optimization method.

关键词： characteristic basis function method optimal block size SMWA volume integral equation

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Novel Reduced Matrix Equation Constructing method Accelerates Iterative Solution of characteristic basis function method

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APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS SOCIETY JOURNAL 2019年第12期34卷 1814-1820页

作者： Wang, Zhonggen Chen, Qiang Nie, WenYan Lin, Han Anhui Univ Sci & Technol Sch Elect & Informat Engn Huainan 232001 Peoples R China Tohoku Univ Dept Elect & Commun Engn Sendai Miyagi 9808579 Japan Huainan Normal Univ Sch Mech & Elect Engn Huainan 232001 Peoples R China

In this paper, a new construction method of reduced matrix equation is proposed to improve the iterative solution efficiency of characteristic basis function method (CBFM). Firstly, the singular value decomposition (SVD) technique is applied to compress the incident excitations and these new excitations retained on each block after SVD are defined as the excitation basis functions (EBFs). Then, the characteristic basis functions (CBFs) of each block are solved from these EBFs. Lastly, these EBFs and CBFs are used as the testing functions and the basis functions to construct the reduction matrix equation, respectively. The diagonal sub-matrices of the reduced matrix constructed by the proposed method are all identity matrices. Thus, the condition of the reduced matrix is improved resulting in a smaller number of iterations required for the solution of the reduced matrix equation. The numerical results validate the accuracy of the proposed method. Compared with the traditional CBFM, the iterative solution efficiency of the reduced matrix equation constructed by the proposed method is significantly improved.

关键词： characteristic basis functions characteristic basis function method reduced matrix equation singular value decomposition testing functions

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INTERPOLATION SCHEME FOR FAST CALCULATION OF REACTION TERMS IN THE characteristic basis function method

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MICROWAVE AND OPTICAL TECHNOLOGY LETTERS 2009年第8期51卷 1818-1824页

作者： Laviada, Jaime Mittra, R. Pino, Marcos R. Las-Heras, Fernando Univ Oviedo Dept Elect Engn Gijon 33203 Spain Penn State Univ Dept Elect Engn University Pk PA 16802 USA

This article presents an acceleration technique for the fist calculation of the impedance matrix elements in the method of moments in the case of using characteristic basis functions (CBFs). This technique is based on taking advantage of the smooth amplitude and phase behaviors of the fields generated by a CBF when the distance is sufficiently large. Computational efficiency is realized by calculating the reaction between a source-CBF and a test-CBF by first evaluating a sampling of the field at a sparse set of points, and then computing the fields at the rest via the use of interpolation. Thus, this procedure avoids the highly expensive integration in the source domain that is needed to calculate the radiated field in the entire test domain when following the conventional procedure. Phase unwrap prior to interpolation and the fast sample calculation scheme are detailed in the article. The technique has been validated by considering several examples involving Radar Cross Section computations. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 51: 1818-1824, 2009 Published online in Wiley InterScience (***). DOI 10.1002/mop.24478

关键词： method of moments characteristic basis function method phase unwrap

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Analysis of the parameters of an approach that combines the characteristic basis function method and the multilevel fast multipole

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IET MICROWAVES ANTENNAS & PROPAGATION 2011年第4期5卷 419-425页

作者： Garcia, E. Delgado, C. Lozano, L. Catedra, F. Univ Alcala Dept Automat Madrid 28871 Spain Univ Alcala Dept Ciencias Computac Madrid 28871 Spain

A study on the parameters of an approach that combines the characteristic basis function method and the multilevel fast multipole algorithm is presented. This approach is a very efficient scheme for the rigorous computation of electrically large problems. An analysis of the configuration parameters of the method to obtain accurate results reducing CPU time is shown. Non-uniform rational B-splines surfaces are employed for the representation of the geometry and the characteristic basis functions are described in terms of curved rooftops generated in the parametric space. The associated macro-testing functions are defined as aggregations of curved razor-blade functions.

关键词： non-uniform rational B-splines surfaces splines (mathematics) geometry curved razor-blade functions Electromagnetic wave propagation electromagnetic wave propagation Interpolation and function approximation (numerical analysis) multilevel fast multipole algorithm curved rooftops electrically large problems computational electromagnetics Combinatorial mathematics macro-testing functions characteristic basis function method

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