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Component-wise Supervisory Controller Synthesis in a client/server architecture

IFAC-PapersOnLine 2018年第7期51卷 381-387页

作者： Loose, Robin Sanden, Bram van der Reniers, Michel Schiffelers, Ramon Eindhoven University of Technology Eindhoven Netherlands ASML Veldhoven Netherlands

The manual design of monolithic controllers for flexible manufacturing systems is no longer feasible due to the sheer size of the problem. A well-known approach to tackle this scalability problem is to create a set of smaller controllers and orchestrate their interaction in an architecture. Another approach is to use synthesis techniques to generate a controller model from models of the uncontrolled system and the formalized requirements. In this paper we describe a pragmatic approach that combines the complementary advantages of these two approaches, where we decompose the design problem of the controller into a number of sub-controllers by introducing intermediate interfaces and use supervisory controller synthesis to synthesize the sub-controllers. We have evaluated this approach on an industrial case study, where we examined a large controller in a lithography machine. We found that the approach can successfully be used to generate a large portion of the needed sub-controllers. © 2018

关键词： Controllers client server computer systems Discrete event simulation Flexible manufacturing systems Formal methods Synthesis (chemical) client/server architecture Extended finite state machine Industrial case study Monolithic controllers Supervisory control Supervisory controllers Synthesis techniques Uncontrolled systems

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client/server Multi-Frame Data Exchange architecture Embedded in Residential Smart Meters

Client/Server Multi-Frame Data Exchange Architecture Embedde...

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IEEE-Power-and-Energy-Society General Meeting (PESGM)

作者： Caropreso, R. T. Borges, F. A. S. Silva, I. N. Fernandes, R. A. S. Osorio, D. P. M. Univ Sao Paulo Dept Elect & Comp Engn Sao Carlos SP Brazil Fed Univ Sao Carlos UFSCar Dept Elect Engn Sao Carlos SP Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781509041688

In this paper, we propose a client/server architecture with multi-frame capability, which is embedded in a residential smart meter hardware focusing on data exchange between utility and smart meters. It is worthwhile to mention that for the data exchange, the TCP/IP protocol is employed and all the performance analysis is performed on an experimental environment. Some scenarios are defined in order to evaluate the traffic of packets through the network as well as the presence of errors on some frames. The analysis of such scenarios permits to verify the feasibility of this architecture in a real field application using a hardware that can be applied on smart meters' design. Our results show that even for the worst scenario, the system can reach transfer rates capable of sustaining an efficient and robust data exchange. Therefore, the architecture presented in this work proves to be feasible for this application context.

关键词： client/server architecture smart meters data exchange embedded algorithm

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On the Transparency of client/server-Based Haptic Interaction with Deformable Objects

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON HAPTICS 2017年第2期10卷 240-253页

作者： Schuwerk, Clemens Xu, Xiao Steinbach, Eckehard Tech Univ Munich Chair Media Technol D-80333 Munich Germany

This paper studies the transparency of client/server-based haptic interaction with simulated deformable objects. In the considered remote interaction scenario, the server simulates the computationally expensive finite-element-based object deformation at a low temporal update rate and transmits the result to the clients. There, the received deformation data is applied to the polygon mesh, which is used to locally render force feedback with a penalty-based force rendering algorithm at the required high rate. Based on a one-dimensional deformable object example, we analyze the transparency of this multi-rate architecture for a two-user interaction. Communication delay leads to increased force magnitudes and an increased impedance displayed to the clients that actively interact with the object. We propose a method that adjusts the stiffness used in the local force rendering at the clients to compensate for this effect. The conducted objective and subjective evaluations show that the proposed method successfully compensates for the effect of communication delay in the tested delay range of up to 100 ms.

关键词： Haptic virtual environment client/server architecture multi-user transparency communication delay

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A client/server application as an example for MPEG-4 systems

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COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS 1998年第15期21卷 1302-1309页

作者： Deicke, J Mayer, U Glesner, M Darmstadt Univ Technol Inst Microelect Syst D-64283 Darmstadt Germany

One of the most important standardization efforts in the broad field of audio-visual coding is MPEG-4 which introduces objects as smallest accessible units inside frames. This conceptual step forward led to completely new possibilities for applications using content-based scalability or content-based interactivity. When MPEG-4 started in 1994 it was no more than an ambitious vision. Then, in March 1998, it received the status of the final committee draft of an international standard and it is certainly a milestone in realizing second-generation audio-visual communication systems. In this paper, we give a brief introduction to MPEG-4 systems terminology and discuss the set-up procedure of an application using MPEG-4 systems. We present a prototype implementation of a video-on-demand application that enables distributed event handling of object-related events created by a user. Our system consists of a client/server architecture, where the client side handles events like zooming or moving single video objects at presentation time, while the server side manages user control concerning the quality of a lossy encoding of the single video objects. The system is introduced by means of OMT diagrams, status diagrams and block diagrams. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： MPEG-4 audiovisual communication distributed systems client/server architecture object-oriented design

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client/server computing: Is this the future direction for the clinical laboratory?

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CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA 1996年第1期248卷 31-38页

作者： Wells, IG Farnan, LP Rayment, MW ST LUKES HOSP PUBL HLTH LAB SERVGUILDFORD GU1 3NTSURREYENGLAND ST LUKES HOSP DEPT CLIN BIOCHEM IMMUNOL & NUTRGUILDFORD GU1 3NTSURREYENGLAND

One of the major trends in computing for the 1990s is the move towards distributed systems based on a client/server architecture. Although a recent survey has suggested that some 41% of the major companies in the UK are either using or planning to adopt this new technology, there is little evidence at present of similar progress in the field of clinical laboratory computing. The Pathology laboratories at St. Luke's Hospital have been developing in-house computer systems using object-oriented software tools since 1988, but these were initially based on conventional file sharing and suffered from poor performance under load. The conversion to client/server took place in March 1993 and the results have either met or exceeded all expectations. Our experience suggests that this approach may well be the way forward for the high performance but user-friendly laboratory systems of the future.

关键词： client/server architecture laboratory information system graphical user interface object-oriented design ethernet network

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Design and Implementation of an Interoperable Object Platform for Multi-Databases

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2000年第3期15卷 249-260页

作者：顾宁许学标施伯乐 Compater Science Department Fudan University Shanghai P.R. China

In this paper, the authors present the design and implementation of an Interoperable Object Platform for Multi-Databases (IOPMD). The aim of the system is to provide a uniform object view and a set of tools for object manipu lation and query based on heterogeneous multiple data sources under client/server environment. The common object model is compatible with ODMG2.0 and OMG'sCORBA, which provides main OO features such as OID, attribute, method, inheri tance, reference, etc. Three types of interfaCes, namely Vface, IOQL and C++ API, are given to provide the database programmer with tools and functionalities for application development. Nested transactions and compensating technology are adopted in transaction manager. In discussing some key 'implementation techlliques, translation and mapping approaches from various schemata to a common object schemaare proposed. Buffer management provides the data caching policy and consistency maintenance of cached data. Version managemellt presellts some operations based on the definitions in semantic version model, and introduces the implemelltation of the semantic version graph.

关键词： client/server architecture common object model transaction management buffer management schema translation version management

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Design of trip current monitoring system for circuit breaker condition assessment

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IET GENERATION TRANSMISSION & DISTRIBUTION 2007年第1期1卷 89-95页

作者： Stephen, B. Strachan, S. M. McArthur, S. D. J. McDonald, J. R. Hamilton, K. Univ Strathclyde Inst Environm Energy Adv Elect Syst Res Grp Royal Coll Bldg Glasgow G1 1XW Lanark Scotland

A distributed system, which supports circuit breaker maintenance and asset management. is described. It uses a client/server architecture for propagating expert knowledge from switchgear maintenance experts directly to maintenance operatives for on-site circuit breaker condition assessment and diagnosis. Prior research in the field of distribution level circuit breaker condition monitoring has shown the trip coil of a circuit breaker yields a current profile that, when tripped, can subsequently be interpreted as an indicator of plant health. Exploiting existing circuit breaker test equipment, a centralised archive of asset condition is built from routine tests permitting experts to examine trends in the data and pass their definition of the operating conditions to personnel in the field. This provides diagnostic support to engineers in the field. The system is currently in use as the subject of a pilot study conducted by SP PowerSystems intended to improve its ongoing maintenance and asset management activities.

关键词： trip coil switchgear testing client/server architecture circuit breaker maintenance switchgear maintenance experts condition monitoring distributed system maintenance operatives circuit breaker diagnosis circuit breaker health management circuit breaker condition assessment circuit breakers expert knowledge propagation maintenance engineering trip current monitoring system Plant engineering, maintenance and safety diagnostic support asset management Switchgear SP PowerSystems

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An Internet based virtual exhibition system: Conceptual design and infrastructure

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COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING 1998年第3-4期35卷 615-618页

作者： Su, CJ Yen, BPC Zhang, X Hong Kong Univ Sci & Technol Dept Ind Engn & Engn Management Virtual Real Applicat Lab Clear Water Bay Peoples R China

Virtual reality technology has wide applications in manufacturing, service industry, and medical training. In addition to essential presence, virtual reality provides secure and economical environment for participants to experience the virtual world rather than the corresponding real world. With advent of rapidly developed technology, there are numerous new products and projects to be introduced in exhibition shows over the world everyday and it is neither prudent nor possible to attend all of them. There have been overwhelming amount of virtual exhibitions available on the Internet;however, most of them are not satisfactory in terms of performance and users cannot get a full understanding on the product interested due to low sense of presence. Information coordination, other than information share and distribution, between the participants is crucial but not yet well defined in the current virtual exhibitions. It is prominent to develop Internet based virtual reality exhibition systems that agglomerate the advantages of efficiency/accessibility on the Internet and;high sense of presence in virtual environment. The Internet based virtual exhibition systems are not only as informative as traditional exhibitions but also more flexible to relax temporal and spatial constraints to allow users attend exhibitions anytime and anywhere. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： virtual reality virtual exhibitions Internet client/server architecture

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WWW-based reliability information system

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COMPUTERS & INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING 1998年第3-4期35卷 599-602页

作者： Lee, SY Koh, JS Elect & Telecommun Res Inst Reliabil Engn Team Taejon 305350 South Korea

This paper discusses the reliability information system developed with the concept of world wide web (WWW) and client/server architecture. An existing server and client for the system are modified to perform HTTP duties and graphically advanced reliability analysis. The technical background and the relationship of the WWW and client/server system is explained. With the developed system, the design engineers and reliability analysts can analyze the reliability of the system more quickly and conveniently. (C) 1998 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： information system WWW client/server architecture reliability

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Application of fusion techniques to speaker authentication over IP networks

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-VISION IMAGE AND SIGNAL PROCESSING 2003年第6期150卷 377-382页

作者： Rodríguez-Liñares, L García-Mateo, C Univ Vigo ETSE Informat Orense 32004 Spain Univ Vigo ETSE Telecomun Vigo 36200 Spain

The authors explore the benefits of using fusion techniques for combining the outputs of different speaker authentication systems in a particular scenario which corresponds to simulated IP networks. IP networks are characterised by packet losses. Two approaches for IP network modelling are compared: a two-state Gilbert model and a bottleneck network simulation. The aim is to investigate the effect of isolated packet losses against bursts of losses. The authentification systems considered are speaker verification (accepting or rejecting the claimed identity of a speaker by processing samples of his/her voice) and utterance verification (using a set of speaker-independent speech models to recognise a certain utterance). Both system's are embedded in a client/server architecture. Results show the speaker verifier is less affected by packet losses than the utterance verifier. While the former behaves similarly under both IP models, the latter shows more sensitivity to bursts of losses. In any IP model, fusion techniques improve the robustness of the combined authentication system and yield a balanced working point.

关键词： Computer communications client-server systems isolated packet losses speech recognition client/server architecture speaker verification packet loss bursts IP networks message authentication Speech recognition packet losses Speech recognition and synthesis Natural language processing Data security Internet-based speech services Other computer networks bottleneck network embedded systems fusion techniques two-state Gilbert model authorisation utterance verification speaker authentication Telephony speaker-independent speech models speaker recognition Internet telephony

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