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clustering function: another view on clustering coefficient

JOURNAL OF COMPLEX NETWORKS 2016年第1期4卷 61-86页

作者： Bloznelis, Mindaugas Kurauskas, Valentas Vilnius Univ Fac Math & Informat LT-03225 Vilnius Lithuania Vilnius Univ Inst Math & Informat LT-08663 Vilnius Lithuania

Assuming that actors u and v have r common neighbours in a social network, we are interested in how likely is that u and v are adjacent. This question is addressed by studying the collection of conditional probabilities, denoted by cl(r), r=0, 1, 2,..., that two randomly chosen actors of the social network are adjacent, given that they have r common neighbours. The function r -> cl(r) describes clustering properties of the network and extends the global clustering coefficient. Our empirical study shows that the function r -> cl(r) exhibits a typical sigmoid pattern. In order to better understand this pattern, we establish the large-scale asymptotics of cl(.) for two related random intersection graph models of affiliation networks admitting a non-vanishing global clustering coefficient.

关键词： clustering coefficient social network affiliation network clustering function random intersection graph

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clustering function and minimum change in spreading pressure as key factor to predict storage conditions for black pepper oleoresin encapsulated by spray drying

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FOOD BIOSCIENCE 2021年 42卷

作者： Pascual Pineda, Luz Alicia Morales Contreras, Yuridia Arevalo Galarza, Maria de Lourdes Castillo Morales, Marisol Hernandez Maranon, Anahi Rascon Diaz, Martha Paola Flores Andrade, Enrique Univ Veracruzana Ctr Invest & Desarrollo Alimentos CIDEA Xalapa 9100 Veracruz Mexico Colegio Postgrad Campus Montecillo Carretera Fed Mexico Texcoco Texcoco 56230 Estado De Mexic Mexico Univ Veracruzana Fac Ciencias Quim Prolongac Oriente 6 Orizaba 94340 Veracruz Mexico

Black pepper oleoresin was encapsulated by spray drying using gum arabic (GA) and whey protein concentrate (WPC) as wall materials. The physical surface features were examined using low-temperature adsorption of nitrogen at 77 K. clustering function and spreading pressure were evaluated to predict optimal storage conditions of the microcapsules, through analyzing the data from the water adsorption isotherms determined using a gravimetric method at 25, 35, and 45 degrees C. Kinetic studies of the color changes and loss of piperine of the microcapsules stored at different water activities at 35 degrees C were carried out. It was found that the GAB, BET and Condon models adequately describe the sorption characteristics. The monolayers calculated with the clustering function and minimum change in spreading pressure (MCSP) were close to those obtained by the adsorption models. The isotherms local from the Condon model coincided with the levels of stability of the microcapsules. Two local isotherms were found for GA microcapsules, which exhibited two regions of chemical stability during storage. One region with high stability in the range of 0.108-0.515 aw, and the other with poor stability of 0.515-0.821 aw. Conversely, WPC microcapsules showed one isotherm local, which had high stability in the entire water activity range studied. For both microcapsules, the lowest values of color changes were of 1.5-4, while the degradation rate constants were -0.017 day(-1) and -0.002 day(-1) for GA and WPC, respectively. The water activities where occurred the optimal stability fall within of the MCSP zone.

关键词： Black pepper oleoresin Minimum spreading pressure clustering function Monolayer Cluster size Sorption isotherm

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A new clustering-function-based formulation of temporal and spatial clustering model involving area scaling and its application to parameter extraction

A new clustering-function-based formulation of temporal and ...

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International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS)

作者： Wu, Ernest McGowan, Brian Bolam, Ronald Huang, Huai Zhou, Huimei Wang, Miaomiao IBM Res Div Essex Jct VT 05452 USA IBM Res Div Albany NY USA

ISBN: (纸本)9798350369762;9798350369779

In this work, we develop a new clustering-function-based formulation of the temporal and spatial clustering model. This new formulation unifies the Weibull function and the clustering function into a common framework. By properly defining this clustering function, we show both the Weibull function and the clustering function have the same linear dependence on logarithmic time. More importantly, the area transformation of the clustering function is shown to be identical to that of the Weibull function. These two important properties allow us to apply the clustering function analysis methodology for the parameter extraction of experimental data, particularly with multiple areas. We demonstrate the validity of this methodology with its application to several experimental datasets with a new analysis of both T-BD and Q(BD) data. We also discuss future improvements and limitations of the clustering model in excessive variability.

关键词： TDDB variability clustering function analysis methodology clustering model dielectric breakdown failure BEOL MOL FEOL ReRAM

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FocTrack: Focus attention for visual tracking

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PATTERN RECOGNITION 2025年 160卷

作者： Tao, Jian Chan, Sixian Shi, Zhenchao Bai, Cong Chen, Shengyong Zhejiang Univ Technol Coll Comp Sci & Technol 288Liuhe Rd Hangzhou 310023 Zhejiang Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Hefei Inst Phys Sci Anhui Key Lab Bion Sensing & Adv Robot Technol 350Shushan Rd Hefei 230031 Peoples R China ZheJiang Testing & Inspect Inst Mech & Elect Prod 125Miahouwang Rd Hangzhou 310051 Zhejiang Peoples R China Tianjin Univ Technol Coll Comp Sci & Engn 92Weijin Rd Tianjin 300382 Peoples R China

Transformer trackers have achieved widespread success based on their attention mechanism. The vanilla attention mechanism focuses on modeling the long-range dependencies between tokens to gain a global perspective. However, inhuman tracking behavior, the line of sight first skims apparent regions and then focuses on the differences between similar regions. To explore this issue, we build a powerful online tacker with focus attention, named FocTrack. Firstly, we design a focus attention module, which adopts the iterative binary clustering function (IBCF) before self-attention to simulate human behavior. Specifically, fora given cluster, other clusters are treated as apparent tokens that are skimmed during the clustering process, while the subsequent self-attention performs focused discriminative learning on the target cluster. Moreover, we propose a local template update strategy (LTUS) to probe into the effective temporal information for visual object tracking. In the testing, LTUS only replaces outdated local templates to ensure overall reliability and holds a low computational burden. Finally, extensive experiments show that our proposed FocTrack achieves state-of-the-art performance in several *** particular, FocTrack achieves 71.5% AUC on the LaSOT, 84.7% AUC on the TrackingNet, and a running speed of around 36 FPS, outperforming the popular approaches.

关键词： Visual object tracking Focus attention clustering function Update strategy

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An indication of unification for different clustering approaches

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PATTERN RECOGNITION 2013年第9期46卷 2548-2561页

作者： Correa-Morris, Jyrko Univ Havana Fac Math Dept Appl Math Havana Cuba Inst Pure & Appl Math IMPA Rio De Janeiro Brazil

The question of finding generic concepts and properties common to the different clustering approaches is a current problem. This inquire is addressed most thoroughly in Kleinberg's paper on the Impossibility Theorem (see [1]). Kleinberg introduced the notion of clustering function - a function that takes a dissimilarity measure defined on a data set S and returns a partition of S;and a set of simple properties for the study of such functions - Scale Invariance, Richness and Consistency. The main result of [1] is the Impossibility Theorem: there is no clustering method satisfying all these properties. This study has been accepted as a rigorous proof of the difficulty in finding a unified framework for different clustering approaches. Our goal in this paper is to provide primary concepts and results for the formal study of the various clustering approaches. To accomplish this, we discuss and expand on the ideas introduced by Kleinberg. Our guiding philosophy is to incorporate a crucial fact overlooked in the study conducted in [1] - clustering methods not only depend on the dissimilarity measure but also on other parameters such as dissimilarity thresholds, centroids, stop criteria, among others. This paper gives a formal definition of clustering method and reformulates the afore-mentioned properties, even it introduces some new. Contrary to the result obtained in [1], many of the methods discussed here satisfy all of our properties. With all these grounds in hand we glimpse a clue of unification among the different clustering approaches. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Data clustering clustering function Impossibility theorem

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INFLUENCE OF POLYMER MOLECULAR-WEIGHT ON SELECTED THERMODYNAMIC PROPERTIES OF POLYMER SOLVENT SYSTEMS AND THE APPLICATION OF THE UNIFAC THEORY

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POLYMER 1984年第5期25卷 670-679页

作者： TSENG, HS LLOYD, DR Department of Chemical Engineering The University of Texas at Austin Austin Texas 78712 USA

The intrinsic viscosities of eleven narrow molecular weight distribution polystyrene samples ranging from number-average molecular weight 1820 to 1 292 000 have been determined in pure solvents of tetrahydrofuran and chloroform with a Ubbelohde No. 1 viscometer at 25°C. By combining the original and modified Fox-Flory viscosity treatments, respectively, with the Flory-Huggins Lattice theory, the interaction parameters were calculated. With the aid of original and modified UNIFAC methods the solvent activity, clustering function of the solvent, and the interaction parameter were computed and compared with the experimental data. It was established that the influence imposed by the polymer molecular weight on the activity of the solvent, the clustering function of solvent, and interaction parameter is insignificant. The modified UNIFAC method satisfactorily predicted the solvent activity as illustrated by previous investigators. However, both UNIFAC methods failed to predict the interaction parameter.

关键词： Intrinsic viscosity interaction parameter activity of solvent clustering function UNIFAC

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THE EFFECTS OF LITHIUM, RUBIDIUM, CESIUM AND MAGNESIUM-IONS ON THE CLOSE PACKING OF PERSISTENCE-LENGTH DNA FRAGMENTS

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BIOPHYSICAL CHEMISTRY 1991年第2期40卷 197-205页

作者： TROHALAKI, S FRISCH, HL LERMAN, LS SUNY ALBANY CTR BIOL MACROMOLECALBANYNY 12222 SUNY ALBANY DEPT CHEMALBANYNY 12222 SUNY ALBANY DEPT BIOL SCIALBANYNY 12222

By application of scaled particle theory to persistence-length DNA fragments in sedimentation-equilibrium at speeds high enough to maintain close packing, the range of interhelical electrostatic repulsion was evaluated with LiCl, RbCl, CsCl, and MgCl2 as supporting electrolytes. Analysis of the data in terms of the Zimm cluster function confirmed that the net interaction between helices is purely repulsive in all cases. At constant ionic strength the electrostatic radius of the rod-like DNA decreases as the counterion changes from Li+ to Rb+ to Cs+. In contrast to univalent counterions, electrostatic radius increases with Mg2+ concentration, except at very low (mM) MgCl2 concentrations. All solutions undergo a reversible transition to a turbid, optically anisotropic phase at a slightly salt-dependent, critical DNA concentration, as observed previously for NaDNA.

关键词： DNA PACKING OSMOTIC PRESSURE clustering function SCALED PARTICLE THEORY MGDNA

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The effect of hydrogen bonding on vapor diffusion in water-soluble polymers

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JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE 1997年第2期66卷 279-291页

作者： Chang, MJ Myerson, AS Kwei, TK POLYTECH UNIV DEPT CHEM ENGNBROOKLYNNY 11201

Water-vapor transport in poly( acrylic acidi (PAA), poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) (PVPo), and their 2 : 1 interpolymer complex was measured between 30 and 50 degrees C. It was found that the formation of interpolymer hydrogen bonding not only caused the T-g of the complex to be higher than those of the individual components, but also affected vapor-sorption behaviors. In the high vapor pressure region (P-r > 0.5), sorption isotherms in pure PAA and PVPo follow the Flory-Huggins solution theory and the sorbed water molecules may form clusters around the COOH groups in PAA and C=O groups in PVPo. However, sorption in the complex is almost linear for the entire range of water activities. The binary polymer-polymer interaction parameter between PAA and PVPo in the complex, chi(PAA-PVPo), is less than zero, which is indicative of favorable interaction between PAA and PVPo. At lower water activities, sorption behaviors for water in the three polymers can be approximated by Henry's law and vapor-diffusion coefficients can be ranked as PVPo > complex > PAA. The water vapor diffusion coefficients in each system decrease with increasing P-r in the region of P-r > 0.5 because the proportion of immobilized water molecules increases with vapor concentration. (C) 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

关键词： poly(acrylic-acid) poly(N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone) hydrogen bonding water diffusion in glassy and rubbery polymers clustering function

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The effect of hydrogen bonding on vapor diffusion in water‐soluble polymers

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Journal of Applied Polymer Science 1998年第2期66卷

作者： Min‐Jong Chang Allan S. Myerson T. K. Kwei Department of Chemical Engineering Polytechnic University 6 Metrotech Center Brooklyn New York 11201

Water‐vapor transport in poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), poly( N ‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone) (PVPo), and their 2 : 1 interpolymer complex was measured between 30 and 50°C. It was found that the formation of interpolymer hydrogen bonding not only caused the T g of the complex to be higher than those of the individual components, but also affected vapor‐sorption behaviors. In the high vapor pressure region ( P r > 0.5), sorption isotherms in pure PAA and PVPo follow the Flory–Huggins solution theory and the sorbed water molecules may form clusters around the COOH groups in PAA and C=O groups in PVPo. However, sorption in the complex is almost linear for the entire range of water activities. The binary polymer—polymer interaction parameter between PAA and PVPo in the complex, ξ PAA–PVPo , is less than zero, which is indicative of favorable interaction between PAA and PVPo. At lower water activities, sorption behaviors for water in the three polymers can be approximated by Henry's law and vapor‐diffusion coefficients can be ranked as PVPo > complex > PAA. The water vapor diffusion coefficients in each system decrease with increasing P r , in the region of P r > 0.5 because the proportion of immobilized water molecules increases with vapor concentration. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 66: 279–291, 1997

关键词： poly(acrylic acid) poly(N‐vinyl‐2‐pyrrolidone) hydrogen bonding water diffusion in glassy and rubbery polymers clustering function

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