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Data Life Cycle Management and Analytics code execution Strategies for the Breath Gas Analysis Domain

Procedia Computer Science 2012年 9卷 156-165页

作者： Ibrahim Elsayed Thomas Ludescher Alexander Wöhrer Thomas Feilhauer Peter Brezany Scientific Computing University of Vienna Nordbergstrasse 15/C/3 A-1090 Vienna Austria Vorarlberg University of Applied Sciences Hochschulstrasse 1 A-6850 Dornbirn Austria

In this paper we present a novel dataspace-based support platform for the international breath gas analysis community, which consists of over 30 institutions world wide with rapidly expanding research studies in various application domains. The work discussed in this paper is mainly consolidated of two independently targeted frameworks: a data life cycle management framework for e-Science applications and a code execution framework handling multiple problem solving environments. The first is based on our previous work, in particular the e-Science Life Cycle Ontology, which traces semantics about procedures a researcher is conducting during the execution of a scientific study. Within the ABA-platform these two frameworks are integrated as complementary components aiming at enabling reproducibility of breath gas studies. We present the architecture of the ABA-platform, discuss its security concept and provide a performance evaluation of the first vertical prototype implementation. Our approach to provide a platform that supports both, the preservation of scientific studies as well as their reproducibility with integrated execution services represents a novel solution for e-Science applications, where data management and code execution services can be complementary utilized.

关键词： Scientific Dataspace e-Science Study Reproducibility Scientific Data Preservation Problem Solving Environment code execution Breath Gas Analysis

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A Theoretical Study of Hardware Performance Counters-Based Malware Detection

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY 2020年 15卷 512-525页

作者： Basu, Kanad Krishnamurthy, Prashanth Khorrami, Farshad Karri, Ramesh NYU Tandon Sch Engn Dept Elect & Comp Engn Brooklyn NY 11201 USA

Malware can range from simple adware to stealthy kernel control-flow modifying rootkits. Although anti-virus software is popular, an ongoing cat-and-mouse cycle of anti-virus development and malware that thwarts the anti-virus has ensued. More recently, trusted hardware-based malware detection techniques are being developed on the premise that it is easier to bypass software-based defenses than hardware-based counterparts. One such approach is the use of hardware performance counters (HPCs) to detect malware for Linux and Android platforms. This paper, for the first time, presents an analytical framework to investigate the security provided by HPC-based malware detection techniques. The HPC readings are periodically monitored over the duration of the program execution for comparison with a golden HPC reading. We develop a mathematical framework to investigate the probability of malware detection, when HPCs are monitored at a pre-determined sampling interval. In other words, given a program, a set of HPCs, and a sampling rate, the framework can be employed to analyze the probability of malware detection.

关键词： Hardware performance counter (HPC) malware code execution control flow graph (CFG) cyber security code integrity verification

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Antivirus security: naked during updates

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SOFTWARE-PRACTICE & EXPERIENCE 2014年第10期44卷 1201-1222页

作者： Min, Byungho Varadharajan, Vijay Tupakula, Udaya Hitchens, Michael Macquarie Univ Fac Sci Sydney NSW 2109 Australia

The security of modern computer systems heavily depends on security tools, especially on antivirus software solutions. In the anti-malware research community, development of techniques for evading detection by antivirus software is an active research area. This has led to malware that can bypass or subvert antivirus software. The common strategies deployed include the use of obfuscated code and staged malware whose first instance (usually installer such as dropper and downloader) is not detected by the antivirus software. Increasingly, most of the modern malware are staged ones in order for them to be not detected by antivirus solutions at the early stage of intrusion. The installers then determine the method for further intrusion including antivirus bypassing techniques. Some malware target boot and/or shutdown time when antivirus software may be inactive so that they can perform their malicious activities. However, there can be another time frame where antivirus solutions may be inactive, namely, during the time of update. All antivirus software share a unique characteristic that they must be updated at a very high frequency to provide up-to-date protection of their system. In this paper, we suggest a novel attack vector that targets antivirus updates and show practical examples of how a system and antivirus software itself can be compromised during the update of antivirus software. Local privilege escalation using this vulnerability is also described. We have investigated this design vulnerability with several of the major antivirus software products such as Avira, AVG, McAfee, Microsoft, and Symantec and found that they are vulnerable to this new attack vector. The paper also discusses possible solutions that can be used to mitigate the attack in the existing versions of the antivirus software as well as in the future ones. Copyright (c) 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

关键词： security antivirus malware vulnerability code execution local privilege escalation denial of service

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Simulator for advanced fighter radar EPM development

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IEE PROCEEDINGS-RADAR SONAR AND NAVIGATION 2001年第3期148卷 139-146页

作者： DiFilippo, D Geling, G Currie, G Def Res Estab Def Res & Dev Canada Ottawa ON K1A 0Z4 Canada Def Sci & Technol Org Salisbury SA 5108 Australia

In order to develop electronic protection measures (EPM) for airborne intercept radars, it is necessary to fully understand the often complex effects of different types of electronic countermeasure (ECM) techniques on the radar operation. To aid in this effort, a software-based high-fidelity simulator called SAFIRE has been developed. SAFIRE models target clutter and ECM signal returns on a pulse-by-pulse basis for arbitrarily long scenario durations. Conventional air-to-air processing modes that are typically used in airborne intercept radars for search and track functions are also modelled. The capabilities of SAFIRE are described with particular emphasis on the ECM model. The ECM model is based on a modern coherent jammer which uses digital radio frequency memory (DRFM) technology to generate false targets and 'smart' noise for sophisticated ECM techniques. Sample results from SAFIRE are presented to illustrate its utility in analysing the effects of such ECM techniques on the radar processing. Benchmark timing results for SAFIRE code execution are also provided which indicate that for many jamming scenarios of interest, the code execution is only about five times slower than real time. This is a significant feature since the scenario durations that are required for these studies are often relatively long.

关键词： radar signal processing jamming airborne radar military radar signal returns coherent jammer code execution electronic protection measures Radar theory search radar false targets smart noise Signal processing and detection target clutter radar tracking airborne intercept radars radar processing air-to-air processing modes track function electronic countermeasure techniques radar clutter Electronic warfare DRFM technology search function ECM techniques Radar equipment, systems and applications digital simulation SAFIRE digital radio frequency memory technology Military radar, detection and tracking systems electronic countermeasures simulator for advanced fighter radar EPM target tracking software-based high-fidelity simulator

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codeCAST: An Innovative Technology to Facilitate Teaching and Learning Computer Programming in a C Language Online Course 17

CODECAST: An Innovative Technology to Facilitate Teaching an...

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4th Annual ACM Conference on Learning at Scale (L at S)

作者： Sharrock, Remi Hamonic, Ella Hiron, Mathias Carlier, Sebastien Telecom ParisTech LTCI IMT Paris France France IOI Paris France Epixode Paris France

This paper introduces the codeCAST tool: an in-browser C language interpreter, paired with an event and voice recorder and player that facilitates teaching and learning to program by synchronizing audio with source co... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781450344500

关键词： teaching programming code edition audio code visualization code execution code testing mooc online learning

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A Comparative Analysis of Implementation Performances for Image Processing Applications Used to Control Robotic Arms

A Comparative Analysis of Implementation Performances for Im...

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IEEE International Conference on Environment and Electrical Engineering (EEEIC) / IEEE Industrial and Commercial Power Systems Europe (ICPS Europe)

作者： Ricman, Radu-Stefan Szabo, Roland Gontean, Aurel Politehn Univ Timisoara Appl Elect Dept ETcTI Timisoara Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9781538651865

This paper presents an analysis of code implementation performance for image processing algorithms. The test is made for image processing algorithms for robotic arms, but it is suitable for any type of image processing software. Image processing software can use quite big amount of resources, so this way it can be tested which platform, which operating system or which programming language is the most suitable for usage. The image processing task is a color detection task with some line and circle overlays for robotic arm's guidance. The implementations were tested base on code line numbers, code size on disk, binary file size on disk, used memory during execution and used CPU during execution.

关键词： code execution code size image processing algorithms performance comparison resource utilization robotic arm control software implementation

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Poster: Efficient and Accurate Mobile Task Automation through Learning from code 24

Poster: Efficient and Accurate Mobile Task Automation throug...

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22nd Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services (MOBISYS)

作者： Wang, Shihe Zhang, Li Xu, Mengwei Beijing Univ Posts & Telecommun Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9798400705816

With the emergence and continuous prosperity of large language models (LLMs), artificial intelligence (AI) agents have experienced rapid advancements. Most mobile AI agents merely imitate human operations, executing actions based on the human user interface (UI). The restricted input impairs the efficiency and accuracy of mobile tasks. We propose an unexplored approach: learning from the source code. Source code is the plain interaction for mobile applications, which can be used to enhance the UI understanding of mobile agents, improve action execution accuracy, and reduce the average action completion steps. The implementation of the agent prototype is preliminary evaluated on 5 open-source applications and 22 tasks, reducing the average number of task completion steps by 54%.

关键词： Task automation large language model code execution

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As Secure as Dangerous Can Be: Considerations for Secure Auto-Graders in the Context of MOOCs 15

As Secure as Dangerous Can Be: Considerations for Secure Aut...

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15th IEEE Global Engineering Education Conference (IEEE EDUCON)

作者： Serth, Sebastian Koehler, Daniel Meinel, Christoph Univ Potsdam Hasso Plattner Inst Potsdam Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9798350394023;9798350394030

In the context of programming education, so-called auto-graders allow learners to receive automated feedback on their submissions. Because assessing learners' code typically involves executing the learners' untrusted code, this commonly used mechanism poses a significant security risk for these systems. Since auto-graders are mostly employed in the context of large-scale learning environments, such as universities or Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), security considerations are especially important. In this paper, we first introduce our auto-grader codeOcean, which is regularly used in MOOCs with thousands of active learners, and in university contexts. As the execution of untrusted code can entail severe security implications, ensuring that the application contains no security vulnerabilities is essential. Hence, we partnered with a security consultancy to assess our auto-grader system landscape through a professional penetration test. This work presents the findings and countermeasures resulting from the performed security analysis for codeOcean. We contextualize overarching enhancements for three main categories of threat vectors to auto-grader systems. Implementing these in any auto-grader system can improve the security and prevent learners from manipulating the assessment of their code. We also discuss the potential consequences of hardening an auto-grader, such as a reduced system performance. Therewith, we provide valuable recommendations for educators, researchers, and system designers to improve the security of auto-graders in the future, supporting their usage in even larger settings or in the context of exams.

关键词： Auto-Grader Security Penetration Test code execution Programming MOOC

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Optimal Algorithm for Profile-Based Power Gating: A Compiler Technique for Reducing Leakage on execution Units in Microprocessors

Optimal Algorithm for Profile-Based Power Gating: A Compiler...

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IEEE and ACM International Conference on Computer-Aided Design

作者： Park, Danbee Lee, Jungseob Kim, Nam Sung Kim, Taewhan Seoul Natl Univ Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Seoul 151 South Korea Univ Wisconsin Dept Elect & Comp Engn Madison WI 53706 USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781424481927

This paper proposes a compiler-based solution to the problem of inserting power gating instructions into code to control activation/deactivation (i.e., ON/OFF) of functional units in microprocessor during the code execution, so that the leakage power is maximally saved. Precisely, based on an execution profile of code containing conditional braches and/or loops, we propose a polynomial time optimal algorithm, called PG-instr, of inserting ON/OFF instructions into code with the objective of minimzing the expected total leakage power while considerig the power and delay overhead on power gating.

关键词： ON/OFF instructions PG-instr code execution compiler technique delay overhead functional units leakage power reduction microprocessor chips microprocessors optimising compilers polynomial time optimal algorithm profile-based power gating

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Impact of Pages Sizes to Execute code Using Demand Paging and NAND Flash at Smart Card Scale

Impact of Pages Sizes to Execute Code Using Demand Paging an...

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4th International Conference on Complex, Intelligent and Software Intensive Systems (CICIS)

作者： Cogniaux, Geoffroy Grimaud, Gilles Univ Lille 1 INRIA CNRS LIFLUMR 8022 Nord Europe France

ISBN: (纸本)9780769539676

Nowadays, the desire to embed more applications in systems as small as smart cards or sensors is growing. However, physical limitations of these systems, like very small main memory, and their cost of production make this very difficult to achieve. One solution is to execute code from a secondary memory, cheaper, denser, but slower, such as NAND Flash. Solutions based on Demand-Paging and using a cache in main memory, began to be proposed and implemented in the domain of mobile phones, but consume too much RAM yet, compared to what can provide a smart card. In this paper, we show that we can dramatically increase performance by reducing the size of pages in the cache. This solution then allows a more intelligent access to the NAND. We also show that our solution allows to use Demand-Paging within limits of smart cards memories, where a conventional approach, offering too low bandwidth, makes impossible code execution from this kind of secondary memory.

关键词： Smart Card sensor Demand Paging NAND Flash code execution

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