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Surgeon involvement in clinical coding to improve data accuracy and remuneration in a shoulder and elbow unit

SHOULDER & ELBOW 2022年第1期14卷 109-116页

作者： Kyriacou, Steven Butt, David Rudge, Will Higgs, Deborah Falworth, Mark Majed, Addie Royal Natl Orthopaed Hosp Shoulder & Elbow Unit Stanmore Middx England

Background: Clinical coders are dependent on clear data regarding diagnoses and procedures to generate an accurate representation of clinical activity and ensure appropriate remuneration is received. The accuracy of this process may potentially be improved by collaboration with the surgical team. Methods: Between November 2017 and November 2019, 19 meetings took place between the Senior Clinical Fellow of our tertiary Shoulder & Elbow Unit and the coding validation lead of our Trust. At each meeting, the Clinical Fellow assessed the operative note of cases in which uncertainty existed as to the most suitable clinical codes to apply and selected the codes which most accurately represented the operative intervention performed. Results: Over a 24-month period, clinical coding was reviewed in 153 cases (range 3-14 per meeting, mean 8). Following review, the clinical coding was amended in 102 (67%) of these cases. A total of 115,160 pound additional income was generated as a result of this process (range 1677- pound 15,796 pound per meeting, mean 6061) pound. Only 6 out of 28 (21%) cases initially coded as arthroscopic sub-acromial decompressions were correctly coded as such. Discussion: Surgeon input into clinical coding greatly improves data quality and increases remuneration received for operative interventions performed.

关键词： coding clinical data validation remuneration

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Resource-Constrained coding for Communication and Computation Applications

Resource-Constrained Coding for Communication and Computatio...

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作者： Pang, Chin-Jen University of Michigan

学位级别：Ph.D., Doctor of Philosophy

coding for data transmission has been extensively studied since the publication of Shannon’s seminal work in 1948. The research in coding theory has seen significant advances, including the invention of Reed-Solomon codes, convolutional code, LDPC codes, and Polar codes, over the past seven decades. However, many modern applications from disciplines such as wireless communications, machine learning, and quantum information transmission give rise to new challenges for which the coding theory is a framework that can offer novel solutions. Driven by such challenges, in this dissertation, we consider four coding theory problems with constraints on various aspects of the codes. In the first part, we model the problem of crowdsourced labeling, where labels for target items are retrieved through queries from a crowd of workers, as a coding problem where the generator matrices must be sparse. Leveraging prior results for codes with sparse representation, we propose querying schemes with almost optimal number of queries, each of which involving only a constant or a relatively small number of labels, for the reliable and unreliable query response scenarios, respectively. We further consider clustering the items based on two correlated classification criteria. Motivated by the utility of codes with sparse generator matrices in the first problem, in the second part, we study the design of codes with a certain constraint on the weights of all the columns in the generator matrix (GM). In particular, we propose polar-based coding schemes to construct capacity-achieving codes, referred to as polar-DRS and polar-ADRS codes, for BEC and BMS channels respectively. We make significant contributions by demonstrating several properties of the codes including low encoding and decoding complexity, fast decay in error rate, and state-of-the-art upper bounds on the weights of the GM columns. Next, we consider the critical problem of finding channel codes with large minimum distance. The larg

关键词： coding Computation Generator matrix

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Achievable Zero-Error Rate Regions using Novel Location Assisted coding (LAC) for Short Range FSO Communications

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JOURNAL OF COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKS 2021年第4期23卷 237-249页

作者： Thuan Nguyen Duong Nguyen-Huu Thinh Nguyen Oregon State Univ Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci Corvallis OR 97331 USA Microsoft Software Redmond WA 98052 USA

Recent free-space optical (FSO) communication technologies have demonstrated the feasibility of building WiFO, a high capacity indoor wireless network using the femtocell architecture. In this paper, we introduce a cooperative transmission framework using location assisted coding (LAC) technique to increase the overall wireless capacity. For a given network topology, LAC provides three different schemes with different coding/decoding procedures. Based on these schemes, achievable zero-error rate regions for WiFO using LAC will be characterized. Both numerical and theoretical analyses are given to validate the proposed coding schemes.

关键词： Achievable rate regions coding free space optical communication wireless network

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Possible contribution to data-driven primate research: Comment on “Kinematic coding: Measuring information in naturalistic behaviour” by Becchio, Pullar, Scaliti, and Panzeri

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Physics of Life Reviews 2025年 54卷 80-82页

作者： Koki Mimura Ken Nakae Kenji Doya Department of Mental Disorder Research National Institute of Neuroscience National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry Tokyo 187-8502 Japan Graduate School of Engineering University of Fukui Fukui 910-8507 Japan Neural Computation Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University Okinawa 904-0495 Japan

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Reducing web latency with coding-based fast multi-path loss recovery

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WIRELESS NETWORKS 2021年第1期27卷 195-209页

作者： Liu, Yi Zhou, Guihua Chen, Guo Hunan Univ Coll Comp Sci & Elect Engn Changsha Hunan Peoples R China Sci & Technol Parallel & Distributed Proc Lab PDL Changsha Peoples R China

TCP latency is critical to the performance of Web services. However, packet loss greatly impairs the TCP performance due to its poor loss recovery mechanisms. Recent work FUSO addressed this problem by leveraging multi-path diversity for proactive loss recovery, i.e., using "good" paths to proactively retransmit the potentially lost packet on "bad" paths before they are retransmitted after duplicate ACKs or timeout. Nevertheless, since it has no clue about which packet is (or will be) lost, FUSO simply proactively retransmits the oldest unACKed packet whenever there is a chance for proactive loss recovery. Through analysis and comprehensive experiments, we show that although FUSO behaves well in data center networks, which it is originally designed for, in the Internet scenario, such simple proactive retransmission of the oldest unACKed packet is not accurate enough to recover the lost packets, which causes performance penalty. To address the problem, this paper presents CoFUSO, a coding-Based Fast Multi-Path Loss Recovery. Different from FUSO, when there is a chance for proactive loss recovery, CoFUSO generates a coding packet that codes all (or multiple) unACKed packets together. As such, CoFUSO can always proactively retransmit the "right" lost packet, since the receiver side can decode the lost packet by combining the coding packet with other received packets. We implement CoFUSO in Linux kernel with similar to 2K lines of code. Testbed and simulation results show that, under lossy condition, CoFUSO can greatly improve the average and 99th percentile flow completion time (FCT) by similar to 12% and similar to 59% in the testbed, and up to similar to 16.9% and similar to 54.5% in the simulation, respectively.

关键词： Packet loss Transport loss recovery Multi-path transport coding

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LAGC: Lazily Aggregated Gradient coding for Straggler-Tolerant and Communication-Efficient Distributed Learning

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON NEURAL NETWORKS AND LEARNING SYSTEMS 2021年第3期32卷 962-974页

作者： Zhang, Jingjing Simeone, Osvaldo Kings Coll London Dept Informat London WC2R 2LS England

Gradient-based distributed learning in parameter server (PS) computing architectures is subject to random delays due to straggling worker nodes and to possible communication bottlenecks between PS and workers. Solutions have been recently proposed to separately address these impairments based on the ideas of gradient coding (GC), worker grouping, and adaptive worker selection. This article provides a unified analysis of these techniques in terms of wall-clock time, communication, and computation complexity measures. Furthermore, in order to combine the benefits of GC and grouping in terms of robustness to stragglers with the communication and computation load gains of adaptive selection, novel strategies, named lazily aggregated GC (LAGC) and grouped-LAG (G-LAG), are introduced. Analysis and results show that G-LAG provides the best wall-clock time and communication performance while maintaining a low computational cost, for two representative distributions of the computing times of the worker nodes.

关键词： Encoding Redundancy Standards Servers Computer architecture Computational complexity Robustness Adaptive selection coding distributed learning gradient descent (GD) grouping

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Evaluation of a coding guide on social determinants of health in primary care consultations: A mixed study

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ATENCION PRIMARIA 2024年第6期56卷 102878页

作者： Rodoreda-Pallas, Berta Escarrer, Eva Torra Juncadella, Jaume Sanahuja Cardona, Teresa Pampalona Bacardit, Nuria Solanas Calaf, Montserrat Vilarrubias Inst Catala Salut Grup Invest Promocio Salut Ambit Rural Gerencia Atencio Primaria & Comunitat Catalunya C Barcelona Spain EAP Navarcles St Fruitos Santpedor Ctr Atencio Primaria Santpedor Bages France Inst Catala Salut Gerencia Atencio Primaria & Comunitat Catalunya C Barcelona Spain EAP St Vicenc de Castellet Ctr Atencio Primaria St Vicenc de Castellet Bages France EAP Pl Catalunya Ctr Atencio Primaria Pl Catalunya Bages France EAP Cardona Ctr Atencio Primaria Cardona Bages France EAP Anoia Rural Ctr Atencio Primaria Anoia Rural Anoia Italy

Objective: To evaluate a coding guide for social determinants of health in primary care consultations as an effective tool in the professional's daily workflow. Design: Mixed sequential explanatory study. Formed by a quantitative part (experimental) and a qualitative part (descriptive-evaluative). Location: All the primary care teams of the Central Catalonia Management (32 teams). Participants and setting: All nursing, social work and medical professionals working in the 32 primary care teams of the Catalan Institute of Health in Central Catalonia from February 2023 to July 2023. Methods: A social determinants of health coding guide was developed. This guide was created in a multidisciplinary and multicenter manner. Purposive sampling. Quantitatively, the number of diagnoses recorded by the experimental group versus the control group was counted. Qualitatively, a thematic analysis was carried out from a socio-constructivist perspective. Results: The results were significant and satisfactory. Using a quantitative methodology, the effectiveness of the use of the guide was assessed. A significant increase in the use of the social determinants was observed in the intervention group vs. the control group, with a percentage of post-intervention use of 19.53% in the control group and 32.26% in the intervention group (P < .001). The number of diagnoses recorded increased from 312 to 1322 in the intervention group, while it remained the same in the control group. The main factors identified through qualitative methodology that may explain the effectiveness of the guideline were: 1) the effectiveness of the guideline among primary care professionals, 2) the appropriateness of the guideline by assessing its usefulness and practicality, 3) feasibility and 4) specific contributions to the improvement of the guideline. Conclusions: The social determinants of health coding guide is effective, appropriate and can be implemented in the workflow of primary health care professionals f

关键词： Primary care Registration coding Social determinants of health Guide and assessment

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An updated resource for the detection of protein-coding circRNA with CircProPlus

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SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 2024年第1期14卷 1-8页

作者： Gong, Xue Liu, Yunchang Wu, Gengze Xu, Zheqi Zeng, Liping Tian, Miao Zhang, Runjun Zeng, Chunyu Chen, Yundai Chinese Peoples Liberat Army Gen Hosp Med Ctr 6 Dept Cardiol Beijing 100853 Peoples R China Third Mil Med Univ Army Med Univ Daping Hosp Dept Cardiol Chongqing 400042 Peoples R China Minist Educ China Key Lab Geriatr Cardiovasc & Cerebrovasc Dis Res Chongqing 400042 Peoples R China Chongqing Inst Cardiol Chongqing Cardiovasc Clin Res Ctr Chongqing Key Lab Hypertens Res Chongqing 400042 Peoples R China 926 Hosp Dept Cardiol Joint Logist Support Force PLA Kunming Yunnan Peoples R China Naval Med Univ Affiliated Hosp 3 Dept Pharm Shanghai Peoples R China

Protein-encoding circular RNAs (circRNAs) are newly identified RNA molecules characterized by intense interaction with translating ribosome. Emerging evidence has implicated physiological and pathological significance of these non-canonical RNAs, yet a large body of them remains unidentified. Due to limited tools at hand, we developed CircProPlus, an automated computational pipeline for de novo detection of translated circRNAs. In comparison to previously established CircPro, CircProPlus adjusts the overall workflow and integrates more robust implements for achieving easier accessibility, higher flexibility and productivity. In present study, we tested the performance of CircProPlus when using different circRNA-detecting implements (i.e., CIRI2, CirComPara2) in the evaluation of coding ability of circRNAs. Results showed that CirComPara2, a state-of-the-art algorithm, consistently outperformed CIRI2 when coupled with CircProPlus in testing real data collected from different RNA libraries and species, which highlighted its potency in data mining of circRNAs with protein-coding potential.

关键词： circRNAs Ribosome Pipeline coding

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A comparison of human, GPT-3.5, and GPT-4 performance in a university-level coding course

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SCIENTIFIC REPORTS 2024年第1期14卷 1-9页

作者： Yeadon, Will Peach, Alex Testrow, Craig Univ Durham Dept Phys Durham DH1 3LB England

This study evaluates the performance of ChatGPT variants, GPT-3.5 and GPT-4, both with and without prompt engineering, against solely student work and a mixed category containing both student and GPT-4 contributions in university-level physics coding assignments using the Python language. Comparing 50 student submissions to 50 AI-generated submissions across different categories, and marked blindly by three independent markers, we amassed n=300\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$n = 300$$\end{document} data points. Students averaged 91.9% (SE:0.4), surpassing the highest performing AI submission category, GPT-4 with prompt engineering, which scored 81.1% (SE:0.8)-a statistically significant difference (p = 2.482x10-10\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$2.482 \times 10<^>{-10}$$\end{document}). Prompt engineering significantly improved scores for both GPT-4 (p = 1.661x10-4\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$1.661 \times 10<^>{-4}$$\end{document}) and GPT-3.5 (p = 4.967x10-9\documentclass[12pt]{minimal} \usepackage{amsmath} \usepackage{wasysym} \usepackage{amsfonts} \usepackage{amssymb} \usepackage{amsbsy} \usepackage{mathrsfs} \usepackage{upgreek} \setlength{\oddsidemargin}{-69pt} \begin{document}$$4.967 \times 10<^>{-9}$$\end{document}). Additionally, the blinded markers were tasked with guessing the authorship of the submissions on a four-point Likert scale from 'Definitely AI' to 'Definitely H

关键词： ChatGPT GPT-4 coding Benchmark

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Millimeter-wave channel modeling in a VANETs using coding techniques

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PEERJ COMPUTER SCIENCE 2023年 9卷 e1374页

作者： Ahmed, Arshee Rasheed, Haroon Bashir, Ali Kashif Omar, Marwan Bahria Univ Dept Elect Engn Karachi Sindh Pakistan Woxsen Univ Sch Business Hyderabad India Manchester Metropolitan Univ Dept Comp & Math Manchester England IIT Informat Technol & Management Chicago IL USA

The Vehicular ad-Hoc Network (VANET) is envisioned to ensure wireless transmission with ultra-high reliability. In the presence of fading and mobility of vehicles, error-free information between Vehicle to Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle to Infrastructure (V2I) requires extensive investigation. The current literature lacks in designing an ultra-reliable comprehensive tractable model for VANET using millimeter wave. Ultra-reliable communication is needed to support autonomous vehicular communication. This article aims to provide a comprehensive tractable model for VANET over millimeter waves using Space-Time-Block-coding (STBC) concatenated with Reed Solomon (RS) coding. The designed model provides the fastest way of designing and analyzing VANET networks on 60 GHz. By using the derived BER expressions and Reed Solomon coded doppler expression ultra-reliable vehicular networks can be build meeting the demands of massive growing volume of traffic. The performance of the model is compared with previous BER computational techniques and existing VANET communication systems, i.e., IEEE 802.11bd and 3rd generation partnership project vehicle to everything (3GPP V2X). The findings show that our proposed approach outperforms IEEE 802.11bd and the results are comparable with V2X NR. Packet Error Rate (PER), Packet Reception Ratio (PRR) and throughput are used as performance metrics. We have also evaluated the model on higher velocities of vehicles. Further, the simulation and numerical findings show that the proposed system surpass the existing BER results comprising of various modulation and coding techniques. The simulation results are verified by the numerical results there-by, showing the accuracy of our derived expressions.

关键词： Bit error rate Space-time block code Reed Solomon Wireless communication Ultra-reliability PER Beamforming Doppler effecf Throughput coding

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