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Designing and Validating a coding scheme for Analysis of Teacher Discourse Behaviours in Mathematics Classrooms

JOURNAL OF EDUCATION FOR TEACHING 2021年第3期47卷 337-352页

作者： Ng, Oi-Lam Ni, Yujing Shi, Lian Chen, Gaowei Cui, Zhihao Chinese Univ Hong Kong Dept Curriculum & Instruct Hong Kong Peoples R China Chinese Univ Hong Kong Dept Educ Psychol Hong Kong Peoples R China Univ Hong Kong Human Commun Dev & Informat Sci Hong Kong Peoples R China

This paper documents the process and outcome of the development and validation of a coding scheme to analyse mathematics classroom discourse in the context of Hong Kong primary schools. The objective of this coding scheme was to systematically analyse teacher discourse behaviours before and after an intervention programme;the programme aimed to assist in-service teachers to develop conceptual and practical tools for engaging students in dialogical discourse in mathematics classrooms. This paper provides a detailed outline of what took place in designing and refining the coding scheme as well as improving its validity and reliability. The developed coding scheme can be effective for highlighting dialogic discourse, authority structures and student participation in mathematics classrooms and beyond. Consequently, it was possible to assess the efficacy of the teacher intervention programme. On the other hand, the developed coding scheme could be used to help teachers to gain a sense of efficacy over their instruction by giving them a roadmap for what they can do before and during instruction.

关键词： Teacher discourse behaviours coding scheme classroom discourse reliability mathematics education

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Response Acts in Chinese Conversation: the coding scheme and Analysis 11

Response Acts in Chinese Conversation: the Coding Scheme and...

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11th International Symposium on Chinese Spoken Language Processing (ISCSLP)

作者： Li, Aijun Chinese Acad Social Sci Inst Linguist Beijing Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781538656273

Speech act is an important means of transmitting and understanding intention in conversational interaction. In this paper, we outline the updated coding scheme for responses in terms of their lexico-grammatical forms and communicative functions toward question-response system in Chinese conversations. We obtained the distributional patterns of the responses based on 1171 conversations from 4 scenarios (15 domains) in corpus of DISCOURSE-CASS. In terms of response forms across 4 scenarios, phrases and words account for 65 similar to 88%;in terms of response functions, at least 35% responses are transformative responses or no answers. The results indicate that dominated syntactic form is minor phrase, and the intentions should be inferred from context including contextual prosody.

关键词： question-response system coding scheme dialogue act Chinese conversation

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The Research on coding scheme of Binary-Tree for XML

The Research on Coding Scheme of Binary-Tree for XML

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International Conference on Power Electronics and Engineering Application (PEEA)

作者： Ke, Xiao Hunan Univ Sci & Engn Comp & Commun Engn Dept Yongzhou 425100 Hunan Peoples R China

Usually, there are four different options when store and query the XML data: Firstly, use the file system;secondly, use relational database system;thirdly, use object-oriented database system;fourthly, establish a special database system known as the native XML database system, such as Tamino, TextML. In order to effectively support the query, for the query in the structure of the XML, one method is establishing the path index of the XML documents tree, and speeding up the calculation capability to the query in the structure of the XML by the path index;another method is encoding the XML document tree nodes, that is, giving a unique code to each node of the XML document tree in order to directly identify the structural relationship in the nodes using the codes, rather than traverse the original XML documents. In other words, it is through coding to change calculations of the query in the structure of XML into calculations of the connection in it. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of [name organizer]

关键词： XML coding scheme file system 1.Introduction

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A Half-Duplex Relay coding scheme Optimized for Energy Efficiency

A Half-Duplex Relay Coding Scheme Optimized for Energy Effic...

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IEEE Information Theory Workshop (ITW)

作者： Parzysz, Fanny Vu, Mai H. Gagnon, Francois Ecole Technol Super Montreal PQ Canada McGill Univ Montreal PQ Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781457704376

We explore the issue of the network energy efficiency in relay channels. We first propose a half-duplex decode-forward coding scheme. We then optimize the power allocation to minimize the total power consumption while maintaining a desired source rate. We show that this scheme significantly outperforms direct and two-hop transmissions. Moreover, it reduces the relay energy consumption by up to 7dB, which is beneficial for shared relay stations, and smooths out transmit power peaks, which simplifies interference management.

关键词： Relay channel Half-duplex coding scheme Achievable rate Energy efficiency

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Perceiving the organisation through a coding scheme

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PRAGMATICS 2024年第3期34卷 422-446页

作者： Nissi, Riikka Lehtinen, Esa Univ Jyvaskyla Appl Linguist Jyvaskyla Finland Univ Jyvaskyla Modern Finnish Jyvaskyla Finland

In contemporary organisations, managerial expertise is increasingly viewed as an ability to reflect on activities, processes and human relations within organisational life in order to gain a systemic understanding of the workings of the organisation. This article examines the interactional practices of a consultant-led management training where steering groups of an organisation have a task of gaining such expertise. The article investigates how managerial expertise is constructed and negotiated in training interaction as the groups categorise their managerial actions through a specific coding scheme. The analysis shows that the use of the coding scheme is contingent on being able to display access to organisational processes and activities, connecting general managerial knowledge to specific, local knowledge of the organisation and moving from 'knowing-that' to 'knowing-how' type of knowledge.

关键词： knowledge expertise professional interaction management training organisational consulting coding scheme

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IMPROVING coding scheme OF LDACS IN THE REVERSE LINK 34

IMPROVING CODING SCHEME OF LDACS IN THE REVERSE LINK

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IEEE/AIAA 34th Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC)

作者： Mostafa, Mohamad Franzen, Nico Epple, Ulrich Schnell, Michael German Aerosp Ctr DLR Inst Commun & Nav Munchenerstr 20 D-82234 Wessling Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9781479989409

We show in this paper the achievable improvement of the coding gain in the reverse link (air-to-ground) for the L-band Digital Aeronautical Communications System if the current forward error correction scheme based on a concatenated Reed-olomon convolutional code is replaced by either a turbo code or a nonbinary low-density parity-check code for the smallest assignable data block. Additionally to improving the coding gain, the proposed coding schemes enable a fully iterative detection because of their soft-value decoding algorithms. This improves in general the detection process as a whole.

关键词： Reed-Solomon codes digital communication forward error correction iterative decoding parity check codes telecommunication links L-band digital aeronautical communications system LDACS coding scheme concatenated Reed-Solomon convolutional code iterative detection nonbinary low-density parity-check code reverse link smallest assignable data block soft-value decoding algorithms turbo code AWGN channels Iterative decoding OFDM Turbo codes

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An Efficient Rateless coding scheme Based on Packet Cycles 3

An Efficient Rateless Coding Scheme Based on Packet Cycles

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3rd IEEE International Conference on Progress in Informatcs and Computing (IEEE PIC)

作者： Li, Yunji Deng, Jie Guizhou Inst Technol Fac Informat Engn Guiyang Guizhou Peoples R China Officers Coll CAPF Dept Elect Technol Chengdu Sichuan Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9781467390880

LT codes and our previous work on coding schemes have excellent performance in capacity achievability. However, the schemes ignore the relationships among different packets. In this paper, we present a coding scheme based on packet cycles. The scheme considers the relationships among packets and transmission efficiency, which is closer to the real communication situations. Simulations show that the scheme has good performance as our previous work.

关键词： coding scheme LT codes packet cycles rateless codes

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Bstj 48: 3. March 1969: a Hybrid coding scheme for Discrete Memoryless Channels. (Falconer, D.D.)

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2016年

Bstj 48: 3. March 1969: a Hybrid coding scheme for Discrete Memoryless Channels. (Falconer, D.D.) by published by

关键词： (falconer, bell system block block length channel channels. coding coding scheme computation computation units d.d.) decoder decoding hybrid hybrid coding probability sequential sequential decoding serial serial block super super block super blocks system technical

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Flexible coding scheme for robotic arm control driven by motor imagery decoding

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JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING 2022年第5期19卷 056008-056008页

作者： Ai, Qingsong Zhao, Mengyuan Chen, Kun Zhao, Xuefei Ma, Li Liu, Quan Wuhan Univ Technol Sch Informat Engn Wuhan 430070 Peoples R China Hubei Univ Sch Comp Sci & Informat Engn Wuhan 430062 Hubei Peoples R China

Objective. Brain computer interface (BCI) technology is an innovative way of information exchange, which can effectively convert physiological signals into control instructions of machines. Due to its spontaneity and device independence, the motor imagery (MI) electroencephalography (EEG) signal is used as a common BCI signal source to achieve direct control of external devices. Several online MI EEG-based systems have shown potential for rehabilitation. However, the generalization ability of the current classification model of MI tasks is still limited and the real-time prototype is far from widespread in practice. Approach. To solve these problems, this paper proposes an optimized neural network architecture based on our previous work. Firstly, the artifact components in the MI-EEG signal are removed by using the threshold and threshold function related to the artifact removal evaluation index, and then the data is augmented by the empirical mode decomposition (EMD) algorithm. Furthermore, the ensemble learning (EL) method and fine-tuning strategy in transfer learning (TL) are used to optimize the classification model. Finally, combined with the flexible binary encoding strategy, the EEG signal recognition results are mapped to the control commands of the robotic arm, which realizes multiple degrees of freedom control of the robotic arm. Main results. The results show that EMD has an obvious data amount enhancement effect on a small dataset, and the EL and TL can improve intra-subject and inter-subject model evaluation performance, respectively. The use of a binary coding method realizes the expansion of control instructions, i.e. four kinds of MI-EEG signals are used to complete the control of 7 degrees of freedom of the robotic arm. Significance. Our work not only improves the classification accuracy of the subject and the generality of the classification model while also extending the BCI control instruction set.

关键词： motor imagery electroencephalography empirical mode decomposition ensemble learning coding scheme transfer learning

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A coding scheme for analysing problem-solving processes of first-year engineering students

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EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION 2014年第6期39卷 617-635页

作者： Grigg, Sarah J. Benson, Lisa C. Clemson Univ Engn & Sci Educ Clemson SC 29634 USA

This study describes the development and structure of a coding scheme for analysing solutions to well-structured problems in terms of cognitive processes and problem-solving deficiencies for first-year engineering students. A task analysis approach was used to assess students' problem solutions using the hierarchical structure from a theoretical framework from mathematics research. The coding scheme comprises 54 codes within the categories of knowledge access, knowledge generation, self-management, conceptual errors, mechanical errors, management errors, approach strategies and solution accuracy, and was demonstrated to be both dependable and credible for analysing problems typical of topics in first-year engineering courses. The problem-solving processes were evaluated in terms of time, process elements, errors committed and self-corrected errors. Therefore, problem-solving performance can be analysed in terms of both accuracy and efficiency of processing, pinpointing areas meriting further study from a cognitive perspective, and for documenting processes for research purposes.

关键词： problem-solving skills cognitive processes coding scheme first-year engineering

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