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Reliable Cross-Technology Communication With Physical-Layer Acknowledgement

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS 2020年第8期68卷 5175-5187页

作者： He, Hao Su, Jian Chen, Yongrui Li, Zhijun Li, Lingang Chinese Acad Sci Inst Automat Natl Lab Pattern Recognit Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Sch Artificial Intelligence Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Nanjing Univ Informat Sci & Technol Sch Comp & Software Nanjing 210044 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad Sci Dept Elect Elect & Commun Engn Beijing 100049 Peoples R China Harbin Inst Technol Sch Comp Sci & Technol Harbin 150001 Peoples R China

Cross-technology Communication (CTC) is a promising paradigm for efficient coordination and cooperation among heterogeneous wireless technologies. Recent advances in physical-layer CTC (PHY-CTC) approaches the standards' maximum transmission rate by exploring PHY-layer signal features. However, due to the lack of reliable feedback, current PHY-CTC technologies can hardly ensure transmission reliability. This paper presents RAP (Reliable Acknowledged PHY-CTC), a bidirectional CTC design with reliable PHY-CTC feedback. First, we present a novel PHY-CTC technique to efficiently establish a reliable feedback channel (e.g., ACKs or NACKs). Then, based on the feedback, we propose a joint intra-packet coding and inter-packet coding scheme to improve the reliability of CTC. Finally, we present an on-demand data (re)transmission scheme to support unicast, multicast and broadcast more efficiently. We implement and evaluate RAP on USRP N210 with IEEE 802.11g PHY (WiFi) and commodity ZigBee devices. The experiment results show RAP achieves reliable data transmission (>99% packet reception rate (PRR)) and high throughput (over 35kbps) under a wide range of scenarios.

关键词： Reliability Wireless fidelity Zigbee Encoding Wireless communication Data communication Throughput Cross-technology communication acknowledgement reliability coding scheme

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Physical layer security for some classes of three-receiver broadcast channels

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2014年第11期8卷 1965-1976页

作者： Salehkalaibar, Sadaf Aref, Mohammad Reza Sharif Univ Technol Dept Elect Engn ISSL Tehran Iran

In this study, the authors consider the secrecy of a one-receiver, two-eavesdropper broadcast channel (BC) with three degraded message sets. Consider a three-receiver BC with three messages, where the first message is decoded by all the receivers. The second message is decoded by the first and the second receivers and is to be kept secret from the third receiver. The third message is decoded by the first receiver and is to be kept secret from the second and the third receivers. The authors consider the imperfect secrecy condition at the second receiver, that is, it is allowed to partially decode the third message. However, the perfect secrecy condition at the third receiver, does not allow it to decode the confidential messages. The coding scheme for this model requires decoding strategy for finding the messages at different destinations. The authors propose a coding scheme which uses indirect decoding. The authors also obtain an outer bound and use it to determine the secrecy capacity region of some classes of one-receiver, two-eavesdropper BCs with three degraded message sets. The authors extend our results to the Gaussian case and evaluate the achievable region.

关键词： channel coding decoding broadcast channels telecommunication security channel capacity physical layer security three-receiver broadcast channels one-receiver two-eavesdropper broadcast channel three-receiver BC imperfect secrecy condition coding scheme decoding strategy indirect decoding outer bound secrecy capacity region

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Evaluation of alternative standardized terminologies for medical conditions within a network of observational healthcare databases

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JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS 2012年第4期45卷 689-696页

作者： Reich, Christian Ryan, Patrick B. Stang, Paul E. Rocca, Mitra Fdn Natl Inst Hlth Observat Med Outcomes Partnership Bethesda MD 20814 USA Janssen Res & Dev LLC Titusville NJ 08560 USA US FDA Off Translat Sci CDER Silver Spring MD 20933 USA

Large electronic databases of health care information, such as administrative claims and electronic health records, are available and are being used in a number of public health settings, including drug safety surveillance. However, because of a lack of standardization, clinical terminologies may differ across databases. With the aid of existing resources and expert coders, we have developed mapping tables to convert ICD-9-CM diagnosis codes used in some existing databases to SNOMED-CT and MedDRA. In addition, previously developed definitions for specific health outcomes of interest were mapped to the same standardized vocabularies. We evaluated how vocabulary mapping affected (1) the retention of clinical data from two test databases, (2) the semantic space of outcome definitions, (3) the prevalence of each outcome in the test databases, and (4) the reliability of analytic methods designed to detect drug-outcome associations in the test databases. Although vocabulary mapping affected the semantic space of some outcome definitions, as well as the prevalence of some outcomes in the test databases, it had only minor effects on the analysis of drug-outcome associations. Furthermore, both SNOMED-CT and MedDRA were viable for use as standardized vocabularies in systems designed to perform active medical product surveillance using disparate sources of observational data. (c) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Terminology standards coding scheme Vocabulary Taxonomy Mapping ICD-9-CM

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Optimal tracking performance of MIMO control systems with communication constraints and a code scheme

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS SCIENCE 2015年第3期46卷 464-473页

作者： Zhan, Xi-Sheng Guan, Zhi-Hong Zhang, Xian-He Yuan, Fu-Shun Huazhong Univ Sci & Technol Dept Control Sci & Engn Wuhan 430074 Peoples R China Hubei Normal Univ Dept Control Sci & Engn Huangshi Peoples R China Anyang Normal Univ Sch Math & Stat Anyang Peoples R China

This paper investigates the issue of the optimal tracking performance for multiple-input multiple-output linear time-invariant continuous-time systems with power constrained. An H-2 criterion of the error signal and the signal of the input channel are used as a measure for the tracking performance. A code scheme is introduced as a means of integrating controller and channel design to obtain the optimal tracking performance. It is shown that the optimal tracking performance index consists of two parts, one depends on the non-minimum phase zeros and zero direction of the given plant, as well as the reference input signal, while the other depends on the unstable poles and pole direction of the given plant, as well as on the bandwidth and additive white noise of a communication channel. It is also shown that when the communication does not exist, the optimal tracking performance reduces to the existing normal tracking performance of the control system. The results show how the optimal tracking performance is limited by the bandwidth and additive white noise of the communication channel. A typical example is given to illustrate the theoretical results.

关键词： optimal tracking performance non-minimum phase zeros communication channel two-parameter control coding scheme

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Expanding window fountain codes with intermediate feedback over BIAWGN channels

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IET COMMUNICATIONS 2018年第8期12卷 914-921页

作者： Deng, Keyan Yuan, Lei Wan, Yi Pan, Jie Lanzhou Univ Sch Informat Sci & Engn 222 South Tianshui Rd Lanzhou Gansu Peoples R China Northwest Minzu Univ Coll Elect Engn 1 Xibeixincun Lanzhou Gansu Peoples R China

Expanding window fountain (EWF) codes use a windowing technique to achieve unequal error protection (UEP) and unequal recovery time. UEP affords significant performance improvement of the more important bits (MIB), but at the cost of performance deterioration of the less important bits (LIB), resulting in poor intermediate performance of the EWF coding. In this study, the authors propose the utilisation of intermediate feedback in EWF coding to terminate the encoding of the MIB after their recovery, with the purpose of enhancing the intermediate performance of EWF codes over binary input additive white Gaussian noise (BIAWGN) channels. The effectiveness of the proposed coding scheme is analysed and evaluated by using extrinsic information transfer functions to investigate the theoretical performance and obtain the closed-form formula of the bit error rate (BER) of the LIB after the intermediate feedback. The results of the theoretical analysis and simulation of the scheme using additive white Gaussian noises with different signal-to-noise ratios reveal an improvement in the BER performance of the LIB compared to the case of conventional EWF coding, and also show that the scheme significantly enhances the intermediate performance of the EWF codes and improves the transmission efficiency.

关键词： channel coding error statistics AWGN channels window fountain codes windowing technique unequal error protection EWF codes binary input additive white Gaussian noise channels coding scheme bit error rate BER performance

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The impact of qualitative analysis in laboratory medicine

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TRAC-TRENDS IN ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2005年第6期24卷 546-555页

作者： Forsum, U Hallander, HO Kallner, A Karlsson, D Linkoping Univ Dept Mol & Clin Med Div Clin Micorbiol SE-58185 Linkoping Sweden Swedish Inst Infect Dis Control Stockholm Sweden Karolinska Univ Hosp Dept Clin Chem Karlskrona Sweden Linkoping Univ Dept Biomed Engn S-58183 Linkoping Sweden

Laboratory medicine is a challenge for the metrologically and terminologically inclined scientist. One main reason is the need for a sound theory that can be applied in a systematic way to cover all aspects of examinations, i.e., those procedures whose results are reported on an ordinal scale and those reported on more primitive scales (e.g., classifications and narratives). Validation of procedures for examinations involving properties on a nominal scale is especially difficult to achieve because it is hard to find gold standards, in the conventional sense, against which to validate and which combine performance characteristics and clinically relevant specificity and sensitivity. We present a systematic, unambiguously defined terminology (the C-NPU coding scheme) for metrologically derived terms for expressing properties, and present some examples of how to attain diagnostic goals. If the analytic process in the laboratory can be subsumed into medical contexts in a systematic way, many pitfalls in reporting results can be avoided. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： analysis coding scheme laboratory medicine nomenclature nominal scale ordinal scale performance validation

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An optimization method based on random fork tree coding for the electrical networks of offshore wind farms

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RENEWABLE ENERGY 2020年第Part1期147卷 1340-1351页

作者： Wang, Long Wu, Jianghai Wang, Tongguang Han, Ran Nanjing Univ Aeronaut & Astronaut Jiangsu Key Lab Hitech Res Wind Turbine Design Nanjing 210016 Peoples R China

The electrical network optimization is an important aspect of reducing the development cost of offshore wind farm because it accounts for nearly 25% of total investment. This paper presents an integration of the random fork tree coding scheme, a union-finding algorithm and electrical parameter calculating models for electrical network optimization. The coding scheme is developed for the first time for integrated optimization of the tree connection topology, substation positions, and cable cross sections to solve the defects of conventional step-by-step approaches such as minimum spanning tree, to achieve the most economical solution. The case studies clearly show that the proposed method, when coupled with the Omni-optimizer, achieves optimal economical matching solutions and can be applied for optimization of the tree-structure electrical network with any number of wind turbines and substations. However, the proposed method is not applicable for other topological structures, where the coding schemes need to be re-modelled. Also, gradient algorithms may be used in the optimization for convergence enhancement for hundreds of decision variables of the large-scale offshore wind farm. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wind farm Electrical network coding scheme Union-finding algorithm

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The eyes have it: Infant gaze as an indicator of hunger and satiation

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APPETITE 2019年 133卷 353-361页

作者： McNally, Janet Hugh-Jones, Siobhan Caton, Samantha Vereijken, Carel Weenen, Hugo Hetherington, Marion M. Univ Leeds Sch Psychol Leeds LS2 9JT W Yorkshire England Sch Hlth & Related Res ScHARR Regent Court Sheffield S1 4DA S Yorkshire England Danone Nutricia Res NL-3584 CT Utrecht Netherlands

Infant gaze serves as a measure of attention to food cues in adults and children and may play a role in signalling infant hunger and satiation. Maternal responsiveness to infant satiation cues, including gaze, supports healthy appetite development and may reduce obesity risk. However, mothers often experience difficulty in interpreting feeding cues, and there have been few attempts to study cues systematically. This study aimed to develop a reliable coding scheme for categorising and tracking infant gaze behaviours during complementary feeding (CF). Twenty infants aged between six and eighteen months were filmed during typical meals on two occasions at home. The Infant Gaze at Mealtime (IGM) coding scheme was devised from the analysis of a sample of videos, a piloting and testing process, and the feeding cues and developmental psychology literature. Inter and intra-rater reliability tests of the scheme with 20% of the study videos revealed high levels of reliability. When applied to the full sample of 225 video clips, the IGM coding scheme revealed a significant decrease over time in the frequency of infants gazing at food and a significant increase in exploratory gaze behaviour within a meal. These changes were consistent across main and dessert courses, suggesting they may be indicative of changes in infant feeding state. The results suggest that infant gaze may offer a means of identifying infant hunger and satiation and, as an easily observed behaviour, an effective tool for mothers and professionals for promoting responsive feeding.

关键词： Infant gaze Feeding cues Hunger Satiation Communication coding scheme Responsive feeding

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Identifying Flow in Video Games: Towards a New Observation-Based Method

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GAMING AND COMPUTER-MEDIATED SIMULATIONS 2016年第3期8卷 19-38页

作者： Borderie, Joceran Michinov, Nicolas Univ Rennes 2 Rennes France Univ Rennes 2 Social Psychol Rennes France

The flow, or optimal experience, is a highly focused mental state leading to immersion and high performance. Although flow theory has been widely applied to research on videogames, methods based on behavior observation to identify flow states are limited in this domain. The aim of the present study was to develop a new method to detect flow episodes occurring during a gaming session from observation of players' behaviors and analysis of game replays. The authors developed an optimal experience behavior pattern and a related coding scheme. In-depth interviews were then conducted to determine whether episodes coded as flow by researchers were also described as such by the players themselves. Findings showed that intense concentration followed by an expression of satisfaction could be a useful pattern to detect flow. Unexpectedly, the interviews suggested that frustration, as well as joy, may also be an emotional signature of flow. This study shed new light on the relationship between gameplay and flow.

关键词： coding scheme Combo Concentration Emotional Signature Flow Game Replay Gameplay In-Depth Interviews Observation Method Player Behavior

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Query with SUM Aggregate Function on Encrypted Floating-Point Numbers in Cloud

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JOURNAL OF INFORMATION PROCESSING SYSTEMS 2017年第3期13卷 573-589页

作者： Zhu, Taipeng Zou, Xianxia Pan, Jiuhui Jinan Univ Dept Comp Sci Guangzhou Guangdong Peoples R China

Cloud computing is an attractive solution that can provide low cost storage and powerful processing capabilities for government agencies or enterprises of small and medium size. Yet the confidentiality of information should be considered by any organization migrating to cloud, which makes the research on relational database system based on encryption schemes to preserve the integrity and confidentiality of data in cloud be an interesting subject. So far there have been various solutions for realizing SQL queries on encrypted data in cloud without decryption in advance, where generally homomorphic encryption algorithm is applied to support queries with aggregate functions or numerical computation. But the existing homomorphic encryption algorithms cannot encrypt floating-point numbers. So in this paper, we present a mechanism to enable the trusted party to encrypt the floating-points by homomorphic encryption algorithm and partial trusty server to perform summation on their ciphertexts without revealing the data itself. In the first step, we encode floating-point numbers to hide the decimal points and the positive or negative signs. Then, the codes of floating-point numbers are encrypted by homomorphic encryption algorithm and stored as sequences in cloud. Finally, we use the data structure of Double List Tree to implement the aggregate function of SUM and later do some extra processes to accomplish the summation.

关键词： coding scheme DoubleListTree Encryption Floating-Point Numbers Summation

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