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Soft and Stretchable Optical Fibers with Gradient color coding for Multipoint Bending and Tactile Perception in Dexterous Hands

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ACS SENSORS 2025年 2025 Mar 7页

作者： Yan, Xiaopeng Yan, Xiangyu Zhang, Taihao Chen, Mian Luo, Yang Wang, Zhe Qian, Zhihui Shang, Zhen Zhang, Ting Wei, Lei Hu, Xuehao Caucheteur, Christophe Ren, Luquan Li, Kaiwei Ren, Lei Jilin Univ Key Lab Engn Bion Engn Minist Educ Changchun 130022 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Nanjing Inst Future Energy Syst Inst Engn Thermophys Nanjing 211135 Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Inst Engn Thermophys Beijing 100190 Peoples R China Nanyang Technol Univ Sch Elect & Elect Engn Singapore 639798 Singapore Univ Mons Dept Electromagnetism & Telecommun B-7000 Mons Belgium Liaoning Acad Mat Inst Struct & Architected Mat Shenyang 110167 Peoples R China

Robotic tactile sensing technology is crucial for the advancement of intelligent humanoid robotics. Recently, optical fiber-based tactile sensors have attracted significant attention, leading to rapid developments in the field. Inspired by the spatial distribution and multipoint sensing capabilities of tactile mechanoreceptors in human skin, we introduce a stretchable and flexible optical fiber sensor with gradient-colored segments embedded within its core alongside a fabrication method. Our findings demonstrate that the optical loss coefficients of absorbing bands in flexible optical fiber segments, which share the same color but have different doping concentrations, vary under bending or pressure, while nonabsorbing bands remain stable. Leveraging this property, we propose a multipoint stress and pressure decoupling method utilizing gradient color coding and multiwavelength referencing. We have successfully integrated this soft fiber optic sensor onto the fingers and back of robotic hands, enabling the precise measurement of bending angles, finger joint positions, and pressure localization on the robotic hand. The proposed sensor offers high design flexibility, ease of fabrication, and exceptional tensile performance, positioning it as a promising solution for applications in human-computer interaction and intelligent robotics.

关键词： stretchable optical fiber optical fiber sensor tactile sensing color coding bionic sensor

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Research on A Single-Load Identification Method Based on color coding and Harmonic Feature Fusion

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ELECTRONICS 2025年第8期14卷 1574-1574页

作者： Lu, Xin Chen, Dan Geng, Likai Wang, Yao Sheng, Dejie Chen, Ruodan Hebei Univ Technol Sch Elect Engn Tianjin 300130 Peoples R China Hebei Univ Technol State Key Lab Reliabil & Intelligence Elect Equipm Tianjin 300132 Peoples R China Zhejiang High & Low Voltage Elect Prod Qual inspec Yueqing 325603 Peoples R China Tianjin Tianchuan Elect Control Equipment Test Co Tianjin 300399 Peoples R China Wuhan Huaxing Photoelect Technol Co Ltd Wuhan 430078 Peoples R China

With the growing global focus on sustainable development and climate change mitigation, promoting the low carbonization of energy systems has become an inevitable trend. Power load monitoring is crucial to achieving efficient power management, and load identification is the key link. The traditional load identification method has the problem of low accuracy. It is assumed that the technique of fusing harmonic features through color coding can improve the accuracy of load identification. In this paper, the load's instantaneous reactive power, power factor and current sequence distribution characteristics are used as the mapping characteristics of the R, G and B channels of the two-dimensional V-I trajectory color image of the load using color coding technology. The harmonic amplitude characteristics are integrated to construct the mixed-color image of the load. The void residual shrinkage neural network is selected as the classification training model. The advantages and disadvantages of two residual shrinkage construction units, RSBU-CS and RSBU-CW, are analyzed. A single-load identification model with three RSBU-CWs is built. Different datasets verify the performance of the model. Compared with the test results of the ordinary color image dataset, the accuracy of the mixed-color image dataset is above 98%, and the accuracy of load identification is improved.

关键词： power load monitoring load identification color coding feature fusion two-dimensional voltage-current (V-I) trajectory characteristics dilated residual shrinkage neural network trajectory color image

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color coding Assessment of Haloperidol Effects on Animal Behavior in the Open Field Test

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JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023年第1期59卷 274-284页

作者： Makarov, M. S. Sysoev, Yu. I. Guzenko, M. K. Prikhodko, V. A. Korkotian, E. Okovityi, S. V. Perm State Natl Res Univ Perm Russia St Petersburg State Chem & Pharmaceut Univ St Petersburg Russia Russian Acad Sci Pavlov Inst Physiol St Petersburg Russia St Petersburg State Univ Inst Translat Biomed St Petersburg Russia Bechtereva Inst Human Brain St Petersburg Russia Weizmann Inst Sci Rehovot Israel

Development of novel approaches to behavioral test data analysisis of considerable importance for both fundamental research andexperimental neuropharmacology. Antipsychotic agents used to treatpositive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia are of particularinterest. Although antipsychotics exert potent effects on animalbehavior in simple behavioral tests, they can be difficult to distinguishfrom other CNS-depressing agents, such as sedatives. In this paper,we propose color coding of video sequences as a method for the analysisof behavioral pattern structure in rats, using the effects of haloperidol,a typical antipsychotic, in the Open field test as an example. Thestudy was carried out on outbred albino male rats weighing 250-300g. Three-min video sequences of rat behavior in the Open field testwere processed using Python and the OpenCV library in the GoogleColab 3 environment. color coding allowed the present (t = 0), near-future (t = 0.33 s), and the more distant-future(t = 1.66 s) location of ananimal in the Open field arena to be marked with different colorsand overlaid within a single frame. Using the proposed 3-timepoint colorcoding method, we were able to detect specific effects of haloperidolon animal behavioral patterns, which are undetectable via conventionaltechniques of behavioral data analysis in the Open field test. Thismethod proved effective for data analysis and processing, and theresults were in accordance with other author's data obtained usingcomputerized and conventional visualization techniques.

关键词： color coding behavioral testing Open field haloperidol antipsychotics

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NEAR-LINEAR TIME ALGORITHM FOR n-FOLD ILPs VIA color coding

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SIAM JOURNAL ON DISCRETE MATHEMATICS 2020年第4期34卷 2282-2299页

作者： Jansen, Klaus Lassota, Alexandra Rohwedder, Lars Univ Kiel Dept Comp Sci D-24118 Kiel Germany Ecole Polytech Fed Lausanne Theory Computat Lab 2 CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland

We study an important case of integer linear programs (ILPs) of the form max{c(T)x vertical bar Ax = b, l <= x <= u, x is an element of Z(nt)} with nt variables and lower and upper bounds l, u is an element of Z(nt) n-fold ILPs nonzero entries only appear in the first r rows of the matrix A and in small blocks of size s x t along the diagonal underneath. Despite this restriction, many optimization problems can be expressed in this form. It is known that n-fold ILPs are fixed-parameter tractable (FPT) regarding the parameters s, r, and Delta where Delta is the greatest absolute value of any entry in A. The state-of-the-art technique is a local search algorithm that subsequently moves in an improving direction where the number of iterations and the search for such an improving direction each take time Omega(n). This leads to a running time quadratic in n. We introduce a technique based on color coding which allows us to compute these improving directions in logarithmic time after a single initialization step. This yields an algorithm for n-fold ILPs with a running time that is near-linear in nt, the number of variables. More precisely, our algorithm runs in time (rs Delta)(O(r2s+s2))L(2)nt log(O(1))(nt), where L is the encoding length of the largest integer in the input. Further, in contrast to the algorithms in recent literature, we do not need to solve the LP relaxation in order to handle unbounded variables. Instead we give a structural lemma to introduce appropriate bounds. On the other hand, if we are given such an LP solution, the running time can be decreased by a factor of L.

关键词： near-linear time algorithm n-fold ILP color coding

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Hybrid LCD panel system and its color coding algorithm

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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS 1997年第1期43卷 9-16页

作者： Lee, MH Ko, HI Song, DI Laboratory of Chromatography DEPg.Fac.Quimica Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico Circuito interior Cd Universitaria/CP 04510 Mexico D.F.Mexico

A color liquid crystal display (LCD) panel typically used in consumer product is composed of R, G, and B subpixels. Due to the subpixel structure and color microfilters, single LCD panel system (SLPS) using such type panel has low resolution, low brightness, and poor appearance of individual color pixel elements. These problems are solved by having three LCD panel system (TLPS) which is composed of three black/white (B/W) LCD panels. However, this system requires high cost and high hardware (H/W) complexity. In this paper, we propose a new LCD system using B/W and color LCD panels called hybrid LCD panel system (HLPS) to overcome the drawbacks of other types of LCD panel applications. Also, the associated color coding algorithm for maximizing the effect of the proposed system is developed. In spite of using the simplified H/W structure, little visual difference has been attained in comparison with TLPS in the view point of resolution and brightness. And the color fidelity is better than SLPS. Among the th ree types of the LCD projector, the light utilization efficiency of HLPS is the highest one turned out to be as 7.34%. Also, the HLPS is compact and relatively inexpensive.

关键词： LCD hybrid panel HLPS color coding projector optical superposition

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color coding of Large Value Ranges Applied to Meteorological Data

Color Coding of Large Value Ranges Applied to Meteorological...

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IEEE Visualization Conference (VIS)

作者： Braun, Daniel Ebell, Kerstin Schemann, Vera Pelchmann, Laura Crewell, Susanne Borgo, Rita von Landesberger, Tatiana Univ Cologne Dept Math & Comp Sci Cologne Germany Univ Cologne Inst Geophys & Meteorol Cologne Germany Kings Coll London Dept Comp Sci London England

ISBN: (数字)9781665488129

ISBN: (纸本)9781665488129

This paper presents a novel color scheme designed to address the challenge of visualizing data series with large value ranges, where scale transformation provides limited support. We focus on meteorological data, where the presence of large value ranges is common. We apply our approach to meteorological scatterplots, as one of the most common plots used in this domain area. Our approach leverages the numerical representation of mantissa and exponent of the values to guide the design of novel "nested" color schemes, able to emphasize differences between magnitudes. Our user study evaluates the new designs, the state of the art color scales and representative color schemes used in the analysis of meteorological data: colorCrafter, Viridis, and Rainbow. We assess accuracy, time and confidence in the context of discrimination (comparison) and interpretation (reading) tasks. Our proposed color scheme significantly outperforms the others in interpretation tasks, while showing comparable performances in discrimination tasks.

关键词： color coding Perception Large Value Ranges User study

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Phase-measuring profilometry of colored objects based on color coding and sinusoidal correction

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OPTICAL ENGINEERING 2020年第8期59卷

作者： Bao, Zhongyi Li, Hongru Yuan, Han Cui, Lei Zhou, Shouhuan Sichuan Univ Coll Elect & Informat Engn Chengdu Sichuan Peoples R China

To improve the phase-measuring profilometry measurement speed, phase-shifted fringes can be encoded into color channels. However, for colored objects, the intensity of the fringes in each channel is affected by surface texture. Therefore, a measurement method based on color coding and sinusoidal correction is proposed. First, two color images are encoded. The red (R) and blue (B) channels for the first image and the green (G) channel for the second image are used in a three-step phase-shifting process. Meanwhile, the G channel of the first coded image and the R and B channels of the second coded image are corresponding solid colors. Two color-coded images are projected onto the object's surface, and the CCD captures the modulated deformed fringe pattern. After decoupling, the channels of the images are separated, the pure color channels are extracted, and the reflectivity of each point on the object surface in the RGB channels is calculated. Then, the intensity of the phase-shifted fringes in the two images is corrected by the calculated reflectivity. A 24-color standard color card and color lion mask were used to verify the method. Compared with the traditional color coding method, we were able to reduce the influence of color texture and obtain better results. (C) 2020 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE)

关键词： phase-measuring profilometry interchannel crosstalk texture interference sinusoidal correction color coding

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ON THE USEFULNESS OF BASIC color coding IN AN INFORMATION DISPLAY

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DISPLAYS 1993年第3期14卷 158-165页

作者： SMALLMAN, HS BOYNTON, RM UNIV CALIF SAN DIEGO DEPT PSYCHOL LA JOLLA CA 92093 USA

Basic colours segregate well in displays, but no better than non-basic ones equally well separated in colour space. Basic colour coding was compared with an individual's preferred code made up of a personal choice of colours. These codes yielded equally good segregation when assessed in a visual search task. However, when tested on another person's codes, with which they had had no previous experience, there was a suggestion that subjects were quicker to learn the basic than the idiosyncratic code. When coding qualitative data in a crowded display the authors advocate a code made up of the user's internally-generated set of basic colours. This code is easy to generate and obviates the need for complicated colour calibration procedures.

关键词： color coding BASIC colorS VISUAL DISPLAYS

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Does the use of color coding facilitate parents' understanding of body mass index curves?

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ARCHIVES DE PEDIATRIE 2023年第7期30卷 458-465页

作者： Barbe, Coralie Boiteux-Chabrier, Marie Bouazzi, Leila El-Adib, Omar Pham, Bach-Nga Lourdelle, Alexandre Hurtaud, Aline Univ Reims Champagne Ardenne UFR Med Comite Univ Ressources Rech St UFR Med 51 rue Cognacq Jay F-51100 Reims France Univ Reims EA 6291 Lab C2S Cognit Sante Societe Reims France Univ Reims Dept Med Gen UFR Med 51 rue Cognacq Jay F-51100 Reims France CHU Reims Amer Mem Hosp 45 rue Cognacq Jay F-51100 Reims France

Background: In France, national guidelines recommend early detection and management of overweight and obesity in children, with multi-year systematic generation of children's body mass index (BMI) curves in primary care. It is important for the parents to understand the BMI curves displayed in the child's health note-book and to become involved in the care with health professionals. Objective: The aim of the current study was to compare parents' understanding of a BMI curve displayed using color coding versus their understanding of the same curve displayed without color ***: An observational, cross-sectional, comparative study was performed between February 1, 2021 and November 15, 2021. Adult parents with at least one child attending primary school were included. Two questionnaires testing parents' understanding were completed: one showing BMI curves without color coding (five questions) and one showing BMI curve with color coding (five questions). The primary endpoint was the proportion of parents achieving fully correct answers. Comparisons of endpoints between the color -coded and non-color-coded curve were performed using the McNemar test. Factors associated with the pri-mary endpoint were investigated by mixed logistic regression models with the subject as a random ***: The 109 participants (45.4% response rate) had an average age of 39.4 6.6 years;81.7% were women. A total of 214 complete questionnaires were compared: The proportion of participants with fully correct responses was significantly higher using the BMI curve with color coding compared to the curve without color coding (86.0% vs. 54.2%, p<0.0001). In multivariate analysis, the use of color coding was significantly associated with a higher likelihood of achieving fully correct responses (odds ratio: 5.9, 95% CI: 3.0 -11.2, p<0.0001).Conclusion: The use of color coding improved parents' understanding of BMI curves. Further research should explore equally the benefits and risks

关键词： Childhood obesity Body composition curve Body mass index color coding

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Enhancing the effectiveness of flood road gauges with color coding

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NATURAL HAZARDS 2017年第1期88卷 55-70页

作者： Jing, Fang Yang, Li-Zhuang Peng, Ya-Li Wang, Ying Zhang, Xiaochu Zhang, Da-Ren Univ Sci & Technol China CAS Key Lab Brain Funct & Dis Huangshan Rd 443 Hefei 230027 Anhui Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Sch Life Sci Huangshan Rd 443 Hefei 230027 Anhui Peoples R China Univ Sci & Technol China Sch Human & Social Sci Hefei Anhui Peoples R China Chinese Acad Sci Hefei Sci Ctr Ctr Med Phys & Technol Hefei Anhui Peoples R China

Recent years have witnessed many drowning tragedies on roads, even where flood gauges were equipped to warn drivers about the depth of the flood water. The effectiveness of traditional flood gauges using the digit representation has been questioned. According to the attention-knowledge-compliance three-stage model, we propose that color coding can improve the effect of flood gauges. The present study compared the performance of a prototypical color flood gauge with two types of digit flood gauges in four experiments. Our results revealed a general advantage of color flood gauges over digit flood gauges in all testing conditions (with or without reflection and dynamic or static observation), which was manifested in both a sample of people lacking driving experience and a sample of experienced drivers. Specifically, the mean accuracy of color gauge conditions in the four experiments increased by at least 16%, and the mean response time to the color gauge was shortened by at least 0.8 s compared with the digit gauge. The substantial benefit of color gauges over digit gauges suggests that color coding can be used to improve the effectiveness of flood gauges on flood-prone roads. Because of its low cost, the color coding flood gauge may be useful in the developing world to warn against extreme rainfall.

关键词： Flood gauge Flooded road Warning sign Traffic safety color coding

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