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Fuzzy rule-based intelligent cardiovascular disease prediction using complex event processing

JOURNAL OF SUPERCOMPUTING 2025年第2期81卷 1-24页

作者： Kumar, Shashi Shekhar Chandra, Ritesh Harsh, Anurag Agarwal, Sonali Indian Inst Informat Technol Allahabad Dept Informat Technol Prayagraj India

Cardiovascular disease (CVDs) is a rapidly rising global concern due to unhealthy diets, lack of physical activity, and other factors. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), primary risk factors include elevated blood pressure, glucose, blood lipids, and obesity. Recent research has focused on accurate and timely disease prediction to reduce risk and fatalities, often relying on predictive models trained on large datasets, which require intensive training. An intelligent system for CVDs patients could greatly assist in making informed decisions by effectively analyzing health parameters. CEP has emerged as a valuable method for solving real-time challenges by aggregating patterns of interest and their causes and effects on end users. In this work, a fuzzy rule-based system is proposed for monitoring clinical data to provide real-time decision support. A fuzzy rule based on clinical and WHO standards ensures accurate predictions. The integrated approach uses Apache Kafka and Spark for data streaming, and the Siddhi CEP Engine for event processing. Additionally, numerous cardiovascular disease-related parameters are passed through CEP Engine to ensure fast and reliable prediction decisions. To validate the effectiveness of the approach, simulation is done with real-time, unseen data to predict cardiovascular disease. Using synthetic data (1000 samples), and categorized it into "Very Low Risk, Low Risk, Medium Risk, High Risk, and Very High Risk." Validation results showed that 20% of samples were categorized as very low risk, 15-45% as low risk, 35-65% as medium risk, 55-85% as high risk, and 75% as very high risk.

关键词： complex event processing Fuzzy rules Pattern of events Cardiovascular disease event analysis

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Leveraging complex event processing for monitoring and automatically detecting anomalies in Ethereum-based blockchain networks

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COMPUTER STANDARDS & INTERFACES 2025年 91卷

作者： Rosa-Bilbao, Jesus Boubeta-Puig, Juan Lagares-Galan, Jesus Vella, Mark Univ Cadiz Dept Comp Sci & Engn UCASE Software Engn Res Grp Avda Univ Cadiz 10 Puerto Real 11519 Cadiz Spain Univ Cadiz Sch Engn Avda Univ Cadiz 10 Puerto Real 11519 Cadiz Spain Univ Malta Dept Comp Sci Msida 2080 Malta

Blockchain is a relatively recent technology that provides immutability, traceability and transparency of information, thus building trust in the digital society. Blockchain networks generate a large amount of logs which capture and describe data flowing through the network in the form of transactions, blocks and events. Monitoring these blockchain data from the off-chain world is needed to detect anomalies with the aim of mitigating the risks that may arise as a result of using blockchain technology. However, the realtime monitoring of these logs by off-chain systems has become a challenge from the beginning of 2018 when the blockchain networks reached a high number of daily transactions. In this paper, we propose a portable, maintainable and easily configurable architecture integrating blockchain and complex event processing technologies that allows for both the real-time monitoring of logs generated in Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM)-compatible blockchain networks and the automatic detection of anomalies in these networks by matching event patterns. This architecture was tested by using vast amounts of blockchain data already publicly registered in Ethereum and Polygon networks. The results demonstrate that the proposed architecture is able to automatically detect anomalies which occur in different blockchain networks, making analytics of blockchain data possible by off-chain systems.

关键词： Blockchain Smart contract complex event processing Anomaly Ethereum

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complex event processing with T-REX

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JOURNAL OF SYSTEMS AND SOFTWARE 2012年第8期85卷 1709-1728页

作者： Cugola, Gianpaolo Margara, Alessandro Politecn Milan DEI DEEP SE Grp Milan Italy

Several application domains involve detecting complex situations and reacting to them. This asks for a complex event processing (CEP) middleware specifically designed to timely process large amounts of event notifications as they flow from the peripheral to the center of the system, to identify the composite events relevant for the application. To answer this need we designed T-Rex, a new CEP middleware that combines expressiveness and efficiency. On the one hand, it adopts a language (TESLA) explicitly conceived to easily and naturally describe composite events. On the other hand, it provides an efficient event detection algorithm based on automata to interpret TESLA rules. Our evaluation shows that the T-Rex engine can process a large number of complex rules with a reduced overhead, even in the presence of challenging workloads. (C) 2012 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： complex event processing event middleware Information processing Distributed systems

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complex event processing in enterprise information systems based on RFID

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ENTERPRISE INFORMATION SYSTEMS 2007年第1期1卷 3-23页

作者： Zang, C. Fan, Y. Tsinghua Univ Natl CIMS Engn & Res Ctr Dept Automat Beijing 100084 Peoples R China

Enterprises have to be increasingly agile and responsive to address the challenges posed by the fast moving market. With the software architecture evolving into service-oriented architecture (SOA), and the adoption of radio frequency identification (RFID), event processing can fit well in enterprise information systems in terms of facilitation of event aggregation into high level actionable information, and event response to improve the responsiveness. To make it more applicable, the architecture of event processing in enterprise information systems is proposed;event meta model and context serve as the solid basis for event processing;the rules, operators and keys of complex event processing are defined. Especially, workflow model is firstly used to extract complex event pattern. We have implemented the event processing mechanism in enterprise information systems based on RFID, including the architecture, data structures, optimization strategies and algorithm. The performance evaluations show that the method is effective in terms of scalability and the capability of event processing. complex event processing can improve operational performance and discover more actionable information, which is justified by application. Finally, lessons learned from the application are presented.

关键词： Enterprise architecture event driven architecture complex event processing event meta model RFID Work flow Application integration Service-oriented architecture Manufacturing Enterprise software systems

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complex event processing for Health Monitoring 1st

Complex Event Processing for Health Monitoring

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1st International Workshop on Gerontechnology (IWoG)

作者： Perez-Vereda, Alejandro Flores-Martin, Daniel Canal, Carlos Murillo, Juan M. Univ Malaga Malaga Spain Univ Extremadura Caceres Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9783030160289;9783030160272

The increase of the life expectancy has become a challenge in regions with a low population density. This fact is caused by the existence of small towns all far from one another and with the peculiarity of many elders with special health care living there. This situation increases in a high percentage the health costs of the region having to attend daily all these elders who need a close monitoring. We live in a IoT era with a huge quantity of new connected devices with lots of sensors. Taking advantage of this, it is possible to monitor these elders from the distance without having to cover the complete area of the region every day. This way, our approach is using a mobile centric architecture that permits the elders having a device which infers a health virtual profile of them with data from its sensors and from other smart devices like bands with pulsometers. At this point we propose using complex event processing techniques to combine the data coming from all sources and analyze it to extract meaningful information for the doctors and caregivers and even detect important events like falls in real time.

关键词： Internet of Things Internet of People People as a Service Virtual user profiles complex event processing Elders Gerontechnology

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complex event processing for event-Based Process Querying

Complex Event Processing for Event-Based Process Querying

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Blockchain Forum / Central and Eastern Europe Forum (CEE Forum) / 17th International Conference on Business Process Management (BPM)

作者： van der Aa, Han Humboldt Univ Dept Comp Sci Berlin Germany

ISBN: (纸本)9783030374532;9783030374525

Process querying targets the filtering and transformation of business process representations, such as event data recorded by information systems. This paper argues for the application of models and methods developed in the general field of complex event processing (CEP) for process querying. Specifically, if event data is generated continuously during process execution, CEP techniques may help to filter and transform process-related information by evaluating queries over event streams. This paper motivates the use of such event-based process querying, and discuss common challenges and techniques for the application of CEP for process querying. In particular, focusing on event-activity correlation, automated query derivation, and diagnostics for query matches.

关键词： complex event processing Process querying Query derivation

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complex event processing for Attack Detection in a Cyber-Physical System 20

Complex Event Processing for Attack Detection in a Cyber-Phy...

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IEEE International Conference on Automation, Quality and Testing, Robotics (AQTR)

作者： Vegh, Laura Miclea, Liviu Tech Univ Cluj Napoca Fac Automat & Comp Sci Cluj Napoca Romania

ISBN: (纸本)9781467386906

With technology advancing faster than ever and complex systems present in most of the areas of our lives ensuring security has become a critical issue. Protecting data from unwanted access by modifying it through cryptography, hiding data or digitally signing it are some of the solutions available. Just as important however is to detect and prevent attacks. We propose a system with hierarchical access to data which is gained through a digital signature algorithm. We focus our attention on detecting and preventing attacks through a less conventional method - complex event processing. Any action within the cyber-physical system can be viewed as an event, such as digitally signing a message. With this idea in mind we propose a solution that allows designing a secure cyber-physical system with an efficient attack detection architecture.

关键词： cyber-physical systems digital signatures access control complex event processing

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complex event processing distributed architecture for Massive Open Online Courses

Complex event processing distributed architecture for Massiv...

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International Conference on Smart Communications in Network Technologies (SaCoNeT)

作者： Benarbia, Sakina Alaoui, Nabih Bennani, Samir Univ Int Rabat Fac Comp & Logist TicLab Rabat Morocco Univ Mohammed 5 Ecole Mohammadia Ingenieurs Rabat Morocco

ISBN: (纸本)9781538694930

Big data technologies are becoming widely used, not only for recording but also for analyzing human generated data. Indeed, the quick technological evolutions of the recent years have reached many fields especially education where the use of connected computing devices (e.g. smart devices, computers, servers, etc.) is continuously growing. The generated data in the education field is becoming extremely voluminous, especially in eLearning, (e.g. Massive Open Online Courses (Moocs)). In this regard, real time data processing has become one of the main challenges in Moocs, as data coming from diversified sources must be processed with respect to semantics. As such, this paper investigates the use of Semantic complex event processing in the analysis of the data generated through Moocs. This paper also presents a distributed complex event processing system for learning activities in Moocs.

关键词： Big Data Semantic web e-learning event processing complex event processing Mooc

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complex event processing Mechanism in Internet of Things and Its Application in Logistics

Complex Event Processing Mechanism in Internet of Things and...

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3rd International Conference on Computing, Control and Industrial Engineering (CCIE 2012)

作者： Wei, Chun-Mei Hubei Univ Technol Sch Mech Engn Wuhan 430068 Peoples R China

ISBN: (纸本)9783037855201

The data and events from Internet of Things are mass but their semantic information is very simple and can not be utilized in upper applications directly, so we have to analyze lots of data to find out useful business logic in these events. To aggregate these simple basic events into advanced events, a hierarchical model was designed to process RFID data stream, in which a complex events processing (CEP) mechanism was used to analyze atomic events in RFID data. We defined event handling operators in CEP mechanism to process business logics. As an example, the CEP was used in a logistic application, which implemented logistic events aggregation and complex events processing effectively. The result indicates the CEP mechanism is an effective approach to handle data and events in Internet of Things.

关键词： complex event processing RFID Internet of Things Logistics

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complex event processing over distributed probabilistic event streams

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COMPUTERS & MATHEMATICS WITH APPLICATIONS 2013年第10期66卷 1808-1821页

作者： Wang, Y. H. Cao, K. Zhang, X. M. Hunan Univ Coll Informat Sci & Engn Changsha 410082 Hunan Peoples R China

With the rapid development of Internet of Things (IoT), enormous events are produced every day. complex event processing (CEP), which can be used to extract high level patterns from raw data, becomes the key part of the IoT middleware. In large-scale IoT applications, the current CEP technology encounters the challenge of massive distributed data which cannot be handled by most of the current methods efficiently. Another challenge is the uncertainty of the data caused by noise, sensor error or wireless communication techniques. In order to solve these challenges, in this paper a high-performance complex event processing method over distributed probabilistic event streams is proposed. With the ability to report confidence for processed complex events over uncertain data, this method uses probabilistic nondeterministic finite automaton and active instance stacks to process a complex event in both single and distributed probabilistic event streams. A parallel algorithm is designed to improve the performance. A query plan-based method is used to process the hierarchical complex event from distributed event streams. Query plan optimization is proposed based on the query optimization technology of probabilistic databases. The experimental study shows that this method is efficient in processing complex events over distributed probabilistic event streams. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

关键词： Internet of things complex event processing Distributed probabilistic event streams

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